Fetching
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One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1htinam, om. 7 in c, M.1 as K.5 (Sp.). Li = méi properly belongs in the text, or, more probably, a dz after mtn has fallen out. The gl. in 6 is harmless enough, That in ¢ is correct and important. J.3, J have tvam in b, J.3 jidtvd. The formation mat + td occurs often with Ner. J.* also has °mattamam. lzaddn is plainly written, not yazddn or yazadan. Gatha(a) Vahishtdisti(i). For introduction, summary, and further comments, see 8. B. E. vol. XXXI, p. 187—189. Changes in opinions arrived at since its publication are not always noted here, and it is taken for granted that the contents of the other work are carefully read, as they form an integral part of this exposition. 1. Some scholars suggest: ‘The dearest wish of Z. runs thus - -’, Others see an historical past in sr@v?, supposing that it proves Z, to have been no longer living. Some suggest eis before yaé(é)chd, ‘and to those’; this is well possible. Some recoil so decidedly from dadben in the sense of ‘deceived’ that they would alter the text without authority from MSS. to daden, I have also given an alternative to this effect. Others would reduce daben to dven (cp. daibishenti from dvish). This dven is referred to a root du = ‘to have desire for’ (?); ‘and to all those who desire (?) the word and works of his good religion, and learn them’, comparing Sansk. dévas(?). 608 : If the line must be shortened, omitthe chd of saskachd, particularly with the sense ‘discipulos’; ‘and those (or to those) who constitute themselves (daden) disciples, (or secure converts for him) in the words and deeds of the good religion’. Reading daben, cp. MSS. and the Pahl. we have conversions, as in Y. 31, 3, Y. 46, 12, cp. the ‘Friendlies’, the -Fryfna, a converted border tribe. It is far from improbable that the priestly warrior Z. had ‘converted’ many by the sword, and hoped to convert still more, and, as the language stands in the MSS. such an idea would seem to be before us in the present verse, hence my strict rendering. I prefer ukhdhaé ete. as instr., although -the acc. pl. is also very possible. I do not — prefer the acc. at the end of the sentence. If sask@ is a verbal form, then: ‘and. may they who deceived him learn, or fulfil, the words and actions of the good religion’. The reading saskachd is of course shortened from sasakenchd. I have preferred it as the reading of the two oldest MSS. Saskdcha = saSkan or °@n, cannot be in its orig, shape. If it were saskad, we see at once sasakan redup. (sasdk°) and this sask° is offered by several MS. which read saskemchd*. The readings sasen® would afford us perhaps too easy a solution; sa§ can be easily explained as = saksh s aor. stem of sak (sach). Some scholars might think it an impf. for sasy° sachy® (2) as § = S(k)y = chy in Savdi, etc. Read as altern. d, a those (or to those) who gave contributions, and will learn the words - ~’, : D. has ahartibé 7+- 4 srabo-+ ghal for avd, M1 mindavam I, D. 7 denman « - va : zand (a). D.
2sak (sach). Some scholars might think it an impf. for sasy° sachy® (2) as § = S(k)y = chy in Savdi, etc. Read as altern. d, a those (or to those) who gave contributions, and will learn the words - ~’, : D. has ahartibé 7+- 4 srabo-+ ghal for avd, M1 mindavam I, D. 7 denman « - va : zand (a). D. has valman for avd, and mdnpat or °tdn (so) (6). M.1 has ha-dhitinéd, D. tag-dilth (c), D. zak valmanich i, d. The glosses destroy the trl. as a reproduction, but there is only a single word of the orig. trl. which does not give the root meaning; and these, as ever, were our first sources of S é “a information as to the Zend language, and its literature. Zm expresses yé : " rae misread as yé, or rendered as a dual neut.; m is gl.; °e¢ determined the outward form of 2¢m lazily written. The trlr. well know that yé(ejet = — hat, see Y. 44, 6, b, etc. Only accidental error is present. Of course the first personal cast throughout is no error at.all, but most intelligent free- dom, as in Y, 43, 16, etc. Ner. freely takes up the first pers. in a, see Y. 43, 16 and elsewhere where Z. speaks in the 3" pers. Perhaps Ner. meant. ddhyatam; but ‘priority’ suits at least the Pahl. trl.’s mistaken. gl. Yavdi suggested ydva, hence dhdnyam, etc. Read dehdd, ki paigh® as better; frébtar as nearer old Parsi than firéb°; vdganad might be intended, but I hesitated from the absence of the vowel sign.* J.* has saskachd@ (important). 2. We should expect seven syllables in ¢, 18 division, Vésta-aspé_ was probably spoken. Some scholars would render; ‘And they give.them- selves trouble to content (khshném) Him, and rather (Him than Sat 609 for his praise’, Khshnim, like any other action-noun may be sometimes infin, in its use, here hardly so, As is seen elsewhere, I prefer my altern. ‘propitiating worship’ at Y. 48, 12, so read 8. B. KE. XXXI, p. 159. I there decide on a corresponding reading of the Pahl. as against Ner. raored(f) (var + fra (*pravri(t)) = ‘confessing’, and so ‘piously’; others ‘rather’, ‘preferring’. Saos(k)yantd, with some in dat. sense ‘to the 8.’, is gen. with the Din, D. has va kiinishnd, aish 7, (a), has as DJ. but frandmishnidich in 6. M. has va Z. in c, D. has rds rds (d). The trlr. took schaitd directly in the sense of ‘teaching’, ‘establish by teaching’. J. om. asau, J.4 has mind, Haug manasd, J, J4, J, C., have sushtatayd, P. only sush{utayd, I suggested sw + stutyd as = shndyiniddrth, and in view of niydyishnd Srandmishné;, J.* has dehi from a later hand, J.’ seems to have it struck out; J.4 has yat, J.*, yatu, so C., P. (d). Read the misprinted word khdlis, 3. Read the final gs. yy was very reluctantly written long after it was disapproved of by me, and solely in order to present a uniformity in usage throughout, as I had adopted it after Westergaard in portions printed very long ago.
3s yat, J.*, yatu, so C., P. (d). Read the misprinted word khdlis, 3. Read the final gs. yy was very reluctantly written long after it was disapproved of by me, and solely in order to present a uniformity in usage throughout, as I had adopted it after Westergaard in portions printed very long ago. I regard this scrupulousness now as wholly mistaken in an extended work of this kind, necessarily occupying so long a period in print- ing; improvements should be freely adopted under these circumstances even at the sacrifice of uniformity, due notice being given in the notes. Yageui is fem., ep. Ved yahi. I was inclined to refer paitydstem to yat, “pratiyattam (¢ becoming s before ¢) in the sense of ‘striver’, ‘assister’, so aibhyastd vy. 5 (so reading), *abhiyatta (from yat, cp. yam); but the word may well possibly be referred to ah = as, = ‘to be’ in the sense indicated, Is it pati + dsta = ‘householder’? We have however two superfluous syllables. Is dstem to be read? If so it must be in this sense of ‘householder’, ‘house-lord’; the prep. seems needed for the sense ‘helper’. Huddni = su + dha, ‘well establishing’, and, in this sense ‘wise’, or indeed simply ‘liberal’, ‘beneficent things’. The letter »», instead of ly, was probably occasioned by the false synthesis to huddnvareshvd. It should of course be resolved, and lL should be restored. D, has zakich 7 in a, minat in b, astishnth, zsh (30 M.‘) in c, hamparstdan, or °parsidé «+ va bandak, om. va after dino (so) in d. Reserving alternatives for this place, I rendered the text with severe impartiality. Omitting ? with DJ. and Ner. we have: ‘And him, O thou. -- ‘daughter born’, ‘one of the daughters’, yazui = = zdkb (not exact). Vohiman is gen. by pos.; pavan-yekaviminishnih may well be a compos.; patih is altern. trir. rather than mere gl. Read: ‘Ac- cording to that which is V.’s abiding-by thee [or according to that correct, 77 610 or pious, authority which is for thee] according to righteousness, and the wisdom - -’. (Notice well that the Pahl. trlr. again translates the word Mazddosché (a) as an abstract, showing himself the pioneer here also, and the noun mazdé undoubtedly sometimes = medhé). Omitting afash twice as gl., we can escape the marring 3'4 pers, Avé hampiirsishné may well be infin. for imper. Read: ‘then consult thou (thine be the consulting) with thy wisdom with the increase of the perfect mind; that which exists in a beneficently wise manner [the dé] do thou love’, (déshishno infin. for imper. and referring to var). Some accidental cause exists for Ner.’s omission to render Pordchisté. He here gives the first syllable = sampirnam. In vy. 4 he does not name her, calling her merely the saimprdptam (nt.) in a, and again he avoids the name in b, ¢, of v. 4, using his intelligent prépnotu. His Pahl. MS. must have been deficient, or he doubted the proper name. He has Jamdspah. There could be no difficulty in writing the word P. in Sansk. as a proper name.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1htinam, om. 7 in c, M.1 as K.5 (Sp.). Li = méi properly belongs in the text, or, more probably, a dz after mtn has fallen out. The gl. in 6 is harmless enough, That in ¢ is correct and important. J.3, J have tvam in b, J.3 jidtvd. The formation mat + td occurs often with Ner. J.* also has °mattamam. lzaddn is plainly written, not yazddn or yazadan. Gatha(a) Vahishtdisti(i). For introduction, summary, and further comments, see 8. B. E. vol. XXXI, p. 187—189. Changes in opinions arrived at since its publication are not always noted here, and it is taken for granted that the contents of the other work are carefully read, as they form an integral part of this exposition. 1. Some scholars suggest: ‘The dearest wish of Z. runs thus - -’, Others see an historical past in sr@v?, supposing that it proves Z, to have been no longer living. Some suggest eis before yaé(é)chd, ‘and to those’; this is well possible. Some recoil so decidedly from dadben in the sense of ‘deceived’ that they would alter the text without authority from MSS. to daden, I have also given an alternative to this effect. Others would reduce daben to dven (cp. daibishenti from dvish). This dven is referred to a root du = ‘to have desire for’ (?); ‘and to all those who desire (?) the word and works of his good religion, and learn them’, comparing Sansk. dévas(?). 608 : If the line must be shortened, omitthe chd of saskachd, particularly with the sense ‘discipulos’; ‘and those (or to those) who constitute themselves (daden) disciples, (or secure converts for him) in the words and deeds of the good religion’. Reading daben, cp. MSS. and the Pahl. we have conversions, as in Y. 31, 3, Y. 46, 12, cp. the ‘Friendlies’, the -Fryfna, a converted border tribe. It is far from improbable that the priestly warrior Z. had ‘converted’ many by the sword, and hoped to convert still more, and, as the language stands in the MSS. such an idea would seem to be before us in the present verse, hence my strict rendering. I prefer ukhdhaé ete. as instr., although -the acc. pl. is also very possible. I do not — prefer the acc. at the end of the sentence. If sask@ is a verbal form, then: ‘and. may they who deceived him learn, or fulfil, the words and actions of the good religion’. The reading saskachd is of course shortened from sasakenchd. I have preferred it as the reading of the two oldest MSS. Saskdcha = saSkan or °@n, cannot be in its orig, shape. If it were saskad, we see at once sasakan redup. (sasdk°) and this sask° is offered by several MS. which read saskemchd*. The readings sasen® would afford us perhaps too easy a solution; sa§ can be easily explained as = saksh s aor. stem of sak (sach). Some scholars might think it an impf. for sasy° sachy® (2) as § = S(k)y = chy in Savdi, etc. Read as altern. d, a those (or to those) who gave contributions, and will learn the words - ~’, : D. has ahartibé 7+- 4 srabo-+ ghal for avd, M1 mindavam I, D. 7 denman « - va : zand (a). D.
2sak (sach). Some scholars might think it an impf. for sasy° sachy® (2) as § = S(k)y = chy in Savdi, etc. Read as altern. d, a those (or to those) who gave contributions, and will learn the words - ~’, : D. has ahartibé 7+- 4 srabo-+ ghal for avd, M1 mindavam I, D. 7 denman « - va : zand (a). D. has valman for avd, and mdnpat or °tdn (so) (6). M.1 has ha-dhitinéd, D. tag-dilth (c), D. zak valmanich i, d. The glosses destroy the trl. as a reproduction, but there is only a single word of the orig. trl. which does not give the root meaning; and these, as ever, were our first sources of S é “a information as to the Zend language, and its literature. Zm expresses yé : " rae misread as yé, or rendered as a dual neut.; m is gl.; °e¢ determined the outward form of 2¢m lazily written. The trlr. well know that yé(ejet = — hat, see Y. 44, 6, b, etc. Only accidental error is present. Of course the first personal cast throughout is no error at.all, but most intelligent free- dom, as in Y, 43, 16, etc. Ner. freely takes up the first pers. in a, see Y. 43, 16 and elsewhere where Z. speaks in the 3" pers. Perhaps Ner. meant. ddhyatam; but ‘priority’ suits at least the Pahl. trl.’s mistaken. gl. Yavdi suggested ydva, hence dhdnyam, etc. Read dehdd, ki paigh® as better; frébtar as nearer old Parsi than firéb°; vdganad might be intended, but I hesitated from the absence of the vowel sign.* J.* has saskachd@ (important). 2. We should expect seven syllables in ¢, 18 division, Vésta-aspé_ was probably spoken. Some scholars would render; ‘And they give.them- selves trouble to content (khshném) Him, and rather (Him than Sat 609 for his praise’, Khshnim, like any other action-noun may be sometimes infin, in its use, here hardly so, As is seen elsewhere, I prefer my altern. ‘propitiating worship’ at Y. 48, 12, so read 8. B. KE. XXXI, p. 159. I there decide on a corresponding reading of the Pahl. as against Ner. raored(f) (var + fra (*pravri(t)) = ‘confessing’, and so ‘piously’; others ‘rather’, ‘preferring’. Saos(k)yantd, with some in dat. sense ‘to the 8.’, is gen. with the Din, D. has va kiinishnd, aish 7, (a), has as DJ. but frandmishnidich in 6. M. has va Z. in c, D. has rds rds (d). The trlr. took schaitd directly in the sense of ‘teaching’, ‘establish by teaching’. J. om. asau, J.4 has mind, Haug manasd, J, J4, J, C., have sushtatayd, P. only sush{utayd, I suggested sw + stutyd as = shndyiniddrth, and in view of niydyishnd Srandmishné;, J.* has dehi from a later hand, J.’ seems to have it struck out; J.4 has yat, J.*, yatu, so C., P. (d). Read the misprinted word khdlis, 3. Read the final gs. yy was very reluctantly written long after it was disapproved of by me, and solely in order to present a uniformity in usage throughout, as I had adopted it after Westergaard in portions printed very long ago.
3s yat, J.*, yatu, so C., P. (d). Read the misprinted word khdlis, 3. Read the final gs. yy was very reluctantly written long after it was disapproved of by me, and solely in order to present a uniformity in usage throughout, as I had adopted it after Westergaard in portions printed very long ago. I regard this scrupulousness now as wholly mistaken in an extended work of this kind, necessarily occupying so long a period in print- ing; improvements should be freely adopted under these circumstances even at the sacrifice of uniformity, due notice being given in the notes. Yageui is fem., ep. Ved yahi. I was inclined to refer paitydstem to yat, “pratiyattam (¢ becoming s before ¢) in the sense of ‘striver’, ‘assister’, so aibhyastd vy. 5 (so reading), *abhiyatta (from yat, cp. yam); but the word may well possibly be referred to ah = as, = ‘to be’ in the sense indicated, Is it pati + dsta = ‘householder’? We have however two superfluous syllables. Is dstem to be read? If so it must be in this sense of ‘householder’, ‘house-lord’; the prep. seems needed for the sense ‘helper’. Huddni = su + dha, ‘well establishing’, and, in this sense ‘wise’, or indeed simply ‘liberal’, ‘beneficent things’. The letter »», instead of ly, was probably occasioned by the false synthesis to huddnvareshvd. It should of course be resolved, and lL should be restored. D, has zakich 7 in a, minat in b, astishnth, zsh (30 M.‘) in c, hamparstdan, or °parsidé «+ va bandak, om. va after dino (so) in d. Reserving alternatives for this place, I rendered the text with severe impartiality. Omitting ? with DJ. and Ner. we have: ‘And him, O thou. -- ‘daughter born’, ‘one of the daughters’, yazui = = zdkb (not exact). Vohiman is gen. by pos.; pavan-yekaviminishnih may well be a compos.; patih is altern. trir. rather than mere gl. Read: ‘Ac- cording to that which is V.’s abiding-by thee [or according to that correct, 77 610 or pious, authority which is for thee] according to righteousness, and the wisdom - -’. (Notice well that the Pahl. trlr. again translates the word Mazddosché (a) as an abstract, showing himself the pioneer here also, and the noun mazdé undoubtedly sometimes = medhé). Omitting afash twice as gl., we can escape the marring 3'4 pers, Avé hampiirsishné may well be infin. for imper. Read: ‘then consult thou (thine be the consulting) with thy wisdom with the increase of the perfect mind; that which exists in a beneficently wise manner [the dé] do thou love’, (déshishno infin. for imper. and referring to var). Some accidental cause exists for Ner.’s omission to render Pordchisté. He here gives the first syllable = sampirnam. In vy. 4 he does not name her, calling her merely the saimprdptam (nt.) in a, and again he avoids the name in b, ¢, of v. 4, using his intelligent prépnotu. His Pahl. MS. must have been deficient, or he doubted the proper name. He has Jamdspah. There could be no difficulty in writing the word P. in Sansk. as a proper name.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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