The Commentaries on the Timaeus of Plato — trans. Thomas Taylor

the sell-motive nalmt ol them, arc assumed analu ’urn I i I ic sHi-moti n *il llic *-oiil And the m. rr p.iMiai live* i I ll'f Imr-rs, \ z. the a-i ruts an 1 d» stents n| the soul, the drlluvn n ul her nm: 1 , ami tl r pi riiuuatioil til tin in. arc an ilugous t.i I cr lmimnt.ihl v it it v| \ docs lie ra'l the power ol /Ar wrnr, and the p uer ot" /Ac </it/rrrn/, the Imr*-c*-, lit the power nf e-arnce, which is our i.l tie genera il hong. ilie chariot <r? It is evident tin ret. re that all the genera pirtnt| i'e ol e.icli other, hit ri h is <lt nominal'<1 according to that wlurh j red nit ij>cs. Anil r-oeu r, wlurh is now assumed ill orrlrr to the Cuilipositiun ot the soul, it the summit and is most p rior t, and acctrr.intc m Hus has il 'iniimin over the rest. Heme the soul is not ronipr lleil to he turned according io essence ' hot the remaining two w inch are toe t ewers ot th/ i rnc an ) thr ili[i(rrnt, are assimilated to tior»e* t as hr ing s< en m inotioii ami perm he |rii;rfsoniii. 1 nrse p ,nrr. also are the circles nr who Is or /Ac twit and f h' iliilt rent I nr (oli'ldcml as pruri rdmg ahuut the inlcllijtt le, they arc horses, h it as returning to the Mine eoinhlmn, they ire (rules or wheels. Ami the I ctier w heel indei d, svinoil is the circle ot rAc lomc, is that which icv. ives about inteiligihlre, ai d has ihc pmwer ot clrv.iting the soul; on which account also, it is called vol ihic or aide Hot t 1 e less rxolhnt wheel, wlit h I' the nrc r ot /Ac ihth rint, ami I* r;rnrsiurptr, revi Ives ah in sensible ami ih sa-tic natures, and t“ r illeil crrrt, when it lunroi» its j rr per virtue, an’, thus has ari II In alum i I tiir i ri < t, and the uncliiinne, when it amioiinrrs srtiMhtes without distor¬ tion. ir.iis lor ■ 11 st mee, it opinion wo-hrs to prrci rvc seme thing so s hie, pr. -i lei linn, or field crate rlmn'c is sullii tent, ami tins esiues ami estemls the spur. This il-n, it it should happen to le r> ipitsitc semis forth ravs itirou^ii the ryiHut these dart forth to t le tens hie ohir. t, ai d ‘m e 1 rill g a;alii I cut I ark t .rou ih the ev i s, aiiin utir es whit ii sms to the spirit, a 1 Ir in tin nee to op Hum „nd thus the ullesnn < r lending huts, is in I aieuratrl. a tmle, hut hy runiinis m a r gl i In e, Irom tl e g >1 to t) e I truer, ami Iroin the 1 irrirr to the go d, it mill.it's a tmle. I lie whole of this likewise, is ail erret tireic. lint when It announces any thin™ in a (h-liulcd inaniirr, it is said to sustain ad-various fr icturrs. J his circle also, [m partial ».h N.' I as a clow nwaril-drawing, ami penesinrpa-power. Hot in d.sme soul-, it piosidcnlially attei dt to si mndarv na'itrr*.

lint when It announces any thin™ in a (h-liulcd inaniirr, it is said to sustain ad-various fr icturrs. J his circle also, [m partial ».h N.' I as a clow nwaril-drawing, ami penesinrpa-power. Hot in d.sme soul-, it piosidcnlially attei dt to si mndarv na'itrr*.

U e in a v I Ktwisi in. kr the following division, and »ail the iii’ein c t ol tie soul, the charts teer; I it the rite cot /Acme-c, ai d the Lett'r In .r*c, tl r ihatiocltc -art <1 tin smil; an! the nrtlc ol thr d<t}ct(nt, and the less tuioiietit hor-e, t c do vast i c part. Hit it must he observed,th it diunoi 11 arlmpate sol ihlieicnce, and opinion in sameness lor (very p nt w .nth you inav assume of the smil pntuij Us id hi ill these. And if we survey indeed the horses anti tl c charioteer, according to tint wi ich is it glirst in the soul, tlic •upreinc union of the void with lnuihpd Its and the God’, will he the charioteer But the Letter horse

4G9 will he that power / f the soul, winch a’wavs aspires alur mtei igd l« s And :he inferior liorse, « || J, c tint piwr. « mb (nines into t. marl uitii tnnllcctions, a« e mpn.id with ilivivim a , ,| i r u-ition. And the e 1 1 »111 _ s u deed w ii tape phur, it v* o .itnry the cli. note r and t e horses, ni the d* im cue soul alone H it it sou survey them in the dosa't c 'onl, tl cn dirmo i unis 1 he assumed .is the ri arm ci r, the power id ti e d. sistie pm, »lmh alw.iy- (I s res to been arranged with tllali a t, inn t le Consider! tl as the letter ol the two It rsr-; and tliit power of it winch aspires alter generation, ai i| the p. verunicrit of secondary n itures as the less excellent Ii rsr. It is possible il'ti, by assuming the rhatioierr according to hutli ill mold and opinion conj* iiied, to arrnipe the hctirr In rsc, as rorri spowhnp lo the dm n.rtic pnwer ah tie, hut the inhn.r horse, as anal pi us to the d vistic power For it must he observed, th it when the 'onl gives it‘rll ii|> to more evnllrnt nature*, then opinion resigns the wliolr ol it-cll to ihauoia, and wishes to }ertain to it il (*• though whri. it becomes weir-., it wishes to energize Iiv r»rlt And these things indeed, viz ti c h- rses and the charioteer, w* may survey in the rational '.,iil al nr.

Since however the « id (lrseend» So a' to have the irrni m.il nature woven tngriht r wn|i it, and each nf the horses resists, in being thus ciiim rlnl with the trr III . I d f rin i ( the soul, ivr most not omit to con¬ sider I lic-c also when in this (ondit on. lor the soul jins -ess (-(J i iii lornu r, armriling to the eternal progres¬ sion ot it sell Irom the l>« mnirp is aim e Hot those of ■vs inc Ii I am now going to sjie ik, the soul rernves from the jut i .r iii I-, and In.m tin roum \mn with the mortal lurm if life. Tiif than leer ll err fore, will i (rr sill 'ni arc.riling to oj nm n . hut t e lictter of the two horses »i.l he an per; ami the uilru r hor*e

Tiif than leer ll err fore, will i (rr sill 'ni arc.riling to oj nm n . hut t e lictter of the two horses »i.l he an per; ami the uilru r hor*e will I e desiri Hence, when ojuntoii is in an r ire t rrinilh-

Iton, it produces the middle,* and tightly o; uimg nnu, and a mid>lh- ch.inot* er. Hut whin i.pnt n :« dis t< it' d, it proihirrs the di-h rt* d in ni, ai d re-, mi les a rh lriotci r hurr'icd along at the w.I! (t tie In rvrv.

1 lie d vote hours, ami rliari 'lerr th* ret- rc, when j.r pi rIv disciplined, |>r (line for us the highest jiditii ll man , hut the iliannclir horses and rt ire t<er, tl r r .ntrmj alive, or ll.eorelir man. i In «r lu.rsrs howevi r, and the charioteer, are changed, are. rdmg to the 'jiherrs uni the ■ hiueitts, ami arinnliug to evrry 1..rm ot I ti lor in ttie si| ( r s|.l„ re, tl.rv arc Solar, in tiie sj lime ot .lupitrr, they are Jovi.in, in the sphere (I M.ir», Martial; and in short, they ate als ays c.la- 1 |s|ird an rdmg lo the j*ecn!lnily of the • «od [ahont vvl.irli they ate arranged). Ai d il indrrd, they are estaulislied arrordiug to the divine Imin, they ure divine; tl arcorthng to the angelic, they are angrln al; llaicordiup to the da niutiiacal form ol lile, they are (laitiuiiiac.il: hut if according to the Immc.il I rm, tiny arc heroic: and m a mn.ijr manner in all the other tortus ol hie.

liot what arc we to understand by the wi ri) "*<rr-rtpor-l Ami in the first place, let n« sec what a wring sipintie« The wing of the *uul therefore, tslier anagoptc jmwer, winch is especially seen according to ttie Letter of

1 for tire ’mi! i’ eternal according to csserce, but temporal according to energy - lienee according to the former it is immovable, but is movable according to the iattcr.

1 i r Man of a middle class e.f < xrrllrnco.

1 Tins word means hlcialiy

p. 470

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

th« two hones. We denominate this horse therefore, a wheel, or rather the circle of the tame, l»<, ame it is a l« ver ol tin- hc-aulilul, aspires alter intelligible-., and inter resists the charioteer, hut acts lightly, and also errs inconjiiuclioii with it. but the other horse, wh'rh is the downward-drawing ami griie-iurgic power of tile soul, gravitates to earth, and te-ists the chaiujticr. All soi.Is therefore have wings: lor a.J ot them line all |o»irs, and this is a|s„ tin- u-e with the 1 1 ,.matter and the horses, lh'i hi ilunir souls imleeil, the wiligs ale always illiincuiliht ri if; and lit me flies are sud to he mi.rJ, hut not iti 6 aut id