Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason — trans. F. Max Müller

Section 2. Of the Logical Function of the Under-

\ : standing in Judgments 58 >,

Section 3. Of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding, or of the Categories ..... 63

Chapter II. Of the Deduction of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding 70

Section i. Of the Principles of a Transcendental

Deduction in General ...... 70

Section 2. Of the a priori Grounds for the Possibility of Experience ....... 79

1. Of the Synthesis of Apprehension in Intuition . 82

2. Of the Synthesis of Reproduction in Imagination 83

3. Of the Synthesis of Recognition in Concepts . 85

4. Preliminary Explanation of the Possibility of the

Categories as Knowledge « /r2<9r/ . . • 91 Section 3. Of the Relation of the Understanding to Objects in General, and the Possibility of Knowing them a priori 94

Summary Representation of the Correctness, and of the Only Possibility of this Deduction of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding . . . .105

Book II. Analytic of Principles .... 107-237 Introduction. Of the Transcendental Faculty of Judgment in General 108

Chapter I. Of the Schematism of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding 112

Chapter II. System of all Principles of the Pure Understanding 121

Section i. Of the Highest Principle of all Analytical

Judgments . . . . . . • -123

Section 2. Of the Highest Principle of all Synthetical

Judgments ........ 126

p. 129

133 136

144 149

p. 155

p. 172

Table of Contents vli

PAGE

(Book II. Chapter II.)

Section 3. Systematical Representation of all Synthetical Principles of the Pure Understanding

1. Axioms of Intuition .....

2. Anticipations of Perception ....

3. Analogies of Experience ....

First Analogy. Principle of Permanence Second Analogy. Principle of Production Third Analogy. Principle of Community

4. The Postulates of Empirical Thought in General 178

Chapter III. On the Ground of Distinction of all Subjects into Phenomena and Noumena . . .192

Appendix. Of the Amphiboly of Reflective Concepts, owing to the Confusion of the Empirical with the Transcendental Use of the Understanding . .212

Second Division. Transcendental Dialectic . . . 238-564 Introduction 238

1. Of Transcendental Appearance (Illusion) . . . 238

2. Of Pure Reason as the seat of Transcendental Illusion 242

A. Of Reason in General ..... 242

B. Of the Logical Use of Reason .... 246

C. Of the Pure Use of Reason .... 247

Book I. Of the Concepts of Pure Reason , . 252-274

Section i. Of Ideas in General 254

Section 2. Of Transcendental Ideas .... 261 Section 3. System of Transcendental Ideas . . 270

Book II. Of the Dialectical Conclusions of Pure Reason 275-564 Chapter I. Of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason . . 278 First Paralogism. Of Substantiality .... 284 Second Paralogism. Of SimpHcity .... 286 Third Paralogism. Of Personality .... 294 Fourth Paralogism. Of Ideality. .... 298

VIU

Table of Contents

(Book II. Chapter I.)

Consideration on the Whole of Pure Psychology, as afifected by these Paralogisms

Chapter II. The Antinomy of Pure Reason .

Section i. System of Cosmological Ideas .

Section 2. Antithetic of Pure Reason First Conflict of the Transcendental Ideas

Second Conflict

Third Conflict

Fourth Conflict .....

Section 3. Of the Interest of Reason in these Conflicts

Section 4. Of the Transcendental Problems of Pure Reason, and the Absolute Necessity of their Solution ........

Section 5. Sceptical Representation of the Cosmological Questions in the Four Transcendental Ideas .

Section 6. Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the • Solution of Cosmological Dialectic

Decision of the Cosmological

Section 7. Critical

Conflict of Reason with itself ....

Section 8. The Regulative Principle of Pure Reason with Regard to the Cosmological Ideas

Section 9. Of the Empirical Use of the Regulative Principle of Reason with Regard to all Cosmological Ideas ........

I. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Composition of Phenomena in an Universe .......

II. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Division of a Whole given in Intuition

p. 308

328 330

339 344 352\ 362

370 379

389 396 400 405 413

419 420 425

Table of Contents ix

PAGE

(Book II. Chapter II. Section 9.)

Concluding Remarks on the Solution of the Transcendental-mathematical Ideas, and Preliminary Remark for the Solution of the Transcendental-dynamical Ideas . . . 428

III. Solution of the Cosmological Ideas with Regard to the Totality of the Derivation of Cosmical Events from their Causes .... 432

Possibility of a Causahty through Freedom, in Harmony with the Universal Law of Necessity . 436

Explanation of the Cosmological Idea of Freedom in Connection with the General Necessity of Nature 439

IV. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Dependence of Phenomena, with Regard to their Existence in General . . 452

Chapter III. The Ideal of Pure Reason . . . 459

Section I. Of the Ideal in General . . . . 459

Section 2. Of the Transcendental Ideal . . . 462 Section 3. Of the Arguments of Speculative Reason in Proof of the Existence of a Supreme Being . 471 Section 4. Of the Impossibility of an Ontological

Proof of the Existence of God .... 477

Section 5. Of the Impossibility of a Cosmological

Proof of the Existence of God .... 486