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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The retas ? Note 2. Does this refer to an offering or the like, com- posed of two substances related among each other (such as UANDALA V, HYMN 1 9. 409 milk and butter), and a third substance unrelated (such as rice) ? Of course all this is absolutely uncertain. Note 3. Is this Agni ? Verse 5. Note 1. The meaning of dhrish&g, vakshf, vaksha/zestha is unknown. — On the first hemistich of this verse, compare Pischel, Vedische Studien, II, 54. 4IO VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 20. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 12. i 1. Whatever good, O Agni, best acquirer of gain, thou thinkest (fit), praise thou 2 that (good), which is celebrated in songs, among the gods as our share. 2. They, Agni, who do not set into motion for thee (prayers or offerings), when grown full of mighty strength *, turn away to encounter the hatred and the tricks of him who follows another (i.e. a wrong) law 2. 3. We choose thee as our Hotrz, Agni, the giver of skill ; offering delight (to thee) we call with our prayer (thee), the foremost at the sacrifices. 4. So that we, O strong one, (may be ready) for thy favour, for wealth and 7?/ta, O highly wise one : thus may we day by day rejoice1 with cows and rejoice with heroes. NOTES. The i^zshi is Prayasvanta Atreya (cf. verse 3. prayasvan- ta^ havamahe), the metre AnushAibh, verse 4 Pankti. — Verse i=VS. XIX, 64. Verse 1. Note 1. Professor Max Miiller proposes to read va^asa- tamam, as in IX, 98, 1. Pischel (Vedische Studien, I, 200) translates this verse : ' O Agni, das ruhmenswerte Gut, das du fur geeignet haltst, das preise du zugleich mit unsern Liedern (no girbhir yu^am) den Gottern an (diis vendita).' He explains : * Agni soil den Gottern Gut bringen und sie MANDALA V, HYMN 20. 4 1 'I veranlassen, es den Menschen fur die Lieder zu schenken., I cannot follow Pischel's theory about the identity of the roots pan and pa^ (comp. about pan the quotations col- lected by Bartholomae, Indogermanische Forschungen, III, 180); and the paraphrase ' diis vendita ' seems inad- missible to me. I differ from Pischel, besides, in the inter- pretation of yii^am ; cf. rayi'm . . . yii^am, IV, 37, 5 ; raya yuga, VII, 43, 5 ; 95, 4. Note 2. Neisser, Bezzenbergers Beitrage, XX, 55, explains panay& as standing for panayama, and compares V, 56, a(?). Verse 2. Note 1. On vrzdh. with the genitive, compare Delbruck, Altindische Syntax, p. 158 ; Macdonell, Journal Roy. As. Soc, 1893, p. 433. Grassmann's conjecture vn'ddha(v) is a failure. Note 2. With the second hemistich compare VS. XXXVIII, 20 (Satapatha Brihmatfa XIV, 3, 1, 9); TAr. IV, ii,4(cf.V,9,7). Verse 4. Note 1. Syama stands, as the accent shows, in an inde- pendent clause. Prof. Max Miiller proposes to change the accent : ' So that we . . . may for thy favour, for wealth and Rita, day by day rejoice with cows/ 412 VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 21. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 13.
2Verse 4. Note 1. Syama stands, as the accent shows, in an inde- pendent clause. Prof. Max Miiller proposes to change the accent : ' So that we . . . may for thy favour, for wealth and Rita, day by day rejoice with cows/ 412 VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 21. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 13. i. Let us lay thee down, as Manus did. Let us kindle thee, as Manus did. O Agni Angiras, sacrifice to the gods for the worshippers of the gods as (thou didst) for Manus. 2. For thou, O Agni, art kindled, highly pleased, among human people. To thee the (sacrificial) ladles proceed in due order, O well-born one who drinkest butter. 3. Thee all the gods unanimously have made their messenger. Serving thee, O sage, they mag- nify at the sacrifices (thee) the god. 4. Let the mortal magnify for your sake Agni, the god, with worship as is due to the gods. Being kindled, O brilliant one, shine ! Sit down in the abode 1 of 7?zta ; sit down in the abode T of herbs 2. NOTES. The jRzshi is Sasa Atreya (cf. verse 4) ; the metre is the same. — Verse i=TB. Ill, 11, 6, 3. Verse 4. Note 1. Literally ' in the womb.' Note 2. On sasa, see III, 5, 6, note %. Is the abode (or womb) of the herbs the Barhis? * Is it satyasya?' M.M. M AND ALA V, HYMN 2 2. 413 MAJVZ7ALA V, HYMN 22. ASHTAKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 14. i. Lo, Visvasaman! Like Atri sing to him who purifies with his flames, to the Hotrz who should be magnified at the sacrifices, most delightful in the clan. 2 *. Lay down Agni ^atavedas, the god, the priest. May the sacrifice which best encompasses the gods, proceed to-day in due order. 3. We, the mortals, approaching thee, the atten- tive-minded god, for thy help, have thought of thy desirable aid. 4. Agni, be intent on this — on this our word1, O strong one. As such, O strong-jawed2 lord of the house, the Atris strengthen thee by their praises ; the Atris beautify thee by their prayers. NOTES. The Rishi is Vuvasaman (see verse 1) ; the metre is the same. — No verse of this hymn occurs in the other Sa;/zhitas. Verse 2. Note 1. With this verse compare below, V, 26, 7. 8. Verse 4. Note 1. The verb £it stands here first with the genitive asya, then with the accusative idam vaka/z. Note 2. Compare vol. xxxii, p. 301 (II, 34, 3, note 3). 4H VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 23. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 15. i. Agni, bring hither, through the power of thy splendour, powerful wealth which may manifestly prevail over all tribes in the (contests for) booty. 2. O powerful Agni! Bring hither that wealth powerful in battles. For thou art the true, won- derful giver of booty rich in cows. 3. For all men who have spread out the sacrificial grass, unanimously ask thee, the beloved Hotrz in the seats (of sacrifice), for many boons. 4. For he who dwells among all tribes, has in- vested himself with power against assault l. Agni ! In these dwelling-places shine to us richly, O bright one, shine brilliantly, O purifier ! NOTES.
34. For he who dwells among all tribes, has in- vested himself with power against assault l. Agni ! In these dwelling-places shine to us richly, O bright one, shine brilliantly, O purifier ! NOTES. The Rishi is Dyumna Vuva^arsha^i Atreya (cf. verse 1) ; the metre is the same.— Verses 1-2 = TS. I, 3, 14, 6-7. Verse 4. Note 1. Is abhimati (abhim&ti ?) a dative ? Should we read abhimati-saha// (cf. X, 83, 4) as a compound : ' he has been established as the conqueror of assaults/ MAiVDALA V, HYMN 24. 415 MAiV7?ALA V, HYMN 24. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 16. i. Agni, be thou our nearest (friend) and our kind, protecting guardian. 2. Agni is Vasu, renowned as Vasu (or, renowned by goods). Obtain, (and) bestow (on us), most bril- liant wealth 1. 3. Listen to us then ; hear our call ; deliver us from every harmful man. 4. We entreat thee now, O brightest, shining (Agni), for thy grace, for our friends. NOTES. The i?zshis are the Gaupayanas or Laupayanas, Bandhu (verse 1), Subandhu (verse 2), 5rutabandhu (verse 3), Viprabandhu (verse 4). The metre is Dvipadi Vira^. — Verses 1, 2, 4, 3 = VS. Ill, 25-26. Verses 1, 4, 2, 3 = MS. I, 5, 3. Verses 1, 2, 4 = SV. II, 457~459J VS. XV, 48 ; XXV, 47. Verses 1, 4, * = TS. I, 5> 6, *~3 5 IV, 4, 4, 8. Verse 1 = SV. I, 448. Verse 2. Note 1. The accusative dyumattamam rayim seems to depend both on akMa. nakshi and on da^. I cannot find any reason for preferring the reading of SV. and TS. dyumattama^ (Ludwig). 416 VEDIC HYMNS. MAiVZ?ALA V, HYMN 25. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 17-18. i. Address thy song1 for your sake to the god Agni, for his help. He is our Vasu. May the son of the dawns(?)2 give us (wealth). May the righteous one help us across our enemies. 2. He is the true one, whom the men of old, whom the gods have kindled, the Hotrz with the delightful tongue, rich in splendour with glorious shine. 3. As such, with thy widest thought and with thy best favour, shine wealth on us, excellent Agni, for our beautiful praises *. 4. Agni reigns among the gods, Agni among mortals, entering among them. Agni is the carrier of our offerings. Serve ye Agni with prayers ! 5. Agni gives to the worshipper a son most mightily renowned, a knower of mighty spells, most excellent, unconquered, who brings renown to his lord \ 6. Agni gives a good lord who is victorious in battles with his men ; Agni (gives) a steed, swiftly running, victorious (in races), unconquered. 7. Sing mightily to Agni the (song) which may best bring him (to us), O (god) rich in splendour x ! From thee (proceeds) wealth (mighty) like a buffalo- cow 2 ; from thee proceed gains. 8. Thy brilliant flames resound mightily like the pressing-stone (of the Soma) 1. And thy roaring arose like thunder by itself from heaven 2. MAiNTDALA V, HYMN 25. 417 9. Thus we have paid homage, desirous of goods, to powerful Agni. May he, the highly wise one, help us, as with a ship, across all enemies. NOTES.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The retas ? Note 2. Does this refer to an offering or the like, com- posed of two substances related among each other (such as UANDALA V, HYMN 1 9. 409 milk and butter), and a third substance unrelated (such as rice) ? Of course all this is absolutely uncertain. Note 3. Is this Agni ? Verse 5. Note 1. The meaning of dhrish&g, vakshf, vaksha/zestha is unknown. — On the first hemistich of this verse, compare Pischel, Vedische Studien, II, 54. 4IO VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 20. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 12. i 1. Whatever good, O Agni, best acquirer of gain, thou thinkest (fit), praise thou 2 that (good), which is celebrated in songs, among the gods as our share. 2. They, Agni, who do not set into motion for thee (prayers or offerings), when grown full of mighty strength *, turn away to encounter the hatred and the tricks of him who follows another (i.e. a wrong) law 2. 3. We choose thee as our Hotrz, Agni, the giver of skill ; offering delight (to thee) we call with our prayer (thee), the foremost at the sacrifices. 4. So that we, O strong one, (may be ready) for thy favour, for wealth and 7?/ta, O highly wise one : thus may we day by day rejoice1 with cows and rejoice with heroes. NOTES. The i^zshi is Prayasvanta Atreya (cf. verse 3. prayasvan- ta^ havamahe), the metre AnushAibh, verse 4 Pankti. — Verse i=VS. XIX, 64. Verse 1. Note 1. Professor Max Miiller proposes to read va^asa- tamam, as in IX, 98, 1. Pischel (Vedische Studien, I, 200) translates this verse : ' O Agni, das ruhmenswerte Gut, das du fur geeignet haltst, das preise du zugleich mit unsern Liedern (no girbhir yu^am) den Gottern an (diis vendita).' He explains : * Agni soil den Gottern Gut bringen und sie MANDALA V, HYMN 20. 4 1 'I veranlassen, es den Menschen fur die Lieder zu schenken., I cannot follow Pischel's theory about the identity of the roots pan and pa^ (comp. about pan the quotations col- lected by Bartholomae, Indogermanische Forschungen, III, 180); and the paraphrase ' diis vendita ' seems inad- missible to me. I differ from Pischel, besides, in the inter- pretation of yii^am ; cf. rayi'm . . . yii^am, IV, 37, 5 ; raya yuga, VII, 43, 5 ; 95, 4. Note 2. Neisser, Bezzenbergers Beitrage, XX, 55, explains panay& as standing for panayama, and compares V, 56, a(?). Verse 2. Note 1. On vrzdh. with the genitive, compare Delbruck, Altindische Syntax, p. 158 ; Macdonell, Journal Roy. As. Soc, 1893, p. 433. Grassmann's conjecture vn'ddha(v) is a failure. Note 2. With the second hemistich compare VS. XXXVIII, 20 (Satapatha Brihmatfa XIV, 3, 1, 9); TAr. IV, ii,4(cf.V,9,7). Verse 4. Note 1. Syama stands, as the accent shows, in an inde- pendent clause. Prof. Max Miiller proposes to change the accent : ' So that we . . . may for thy favour, for wealth and Rita, day by day rejoice with cows/ 412 VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 21. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 13.
2Verse 4. Note 1. Syama stands, as the accent shows, in an inde- pendent clause. Prof. Max Miiller proposes to change the accent : ' So that we . . . may for thy favour, for wealth and Rita, day by day rejoice with cows/ 412 VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 21. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 13. i. Let us lay thee down, as Manus did. Let us kindle thee, as Manus did. O Agni Angiras, sacrifice to the gods for the worshippers of the gods as (thou didst) for Manus. 2. For thou, O Agni, art kindled, highly pleased, among human people. To thee the (sacrificial) ladles proceed in due order, O well-born one who drinkest butter. 3. Thee all the gods unanimously have made their messenger. Serving thee, O sage, they mag- nify at the sacrifices (thee) the god. 4. Let the mortal magnify for your sake Agni, the god, with worship as is due to the gods. Being kindled, O brilliant one, shine ! Sit down in the abode 1 of 7?zta ; sit down in the abode T of herbs 2. NOTES. The jRzshi is Sasa Atreya (cf. verse 4) ; the metre is the same. — Verse i=TB. Ill, 11, 6, 3. Verse 4. Note 1. Literally ' in the womb.' Note 2. On sasa, see III, 5, 6, note %. Is the abode (or womb) of the herbs the Barhis? * Is it satyasya?' M.M. M AND ALA V, HYMN 2 2. 413 MAJVZ7ALA V, HYMN 22. ASHTAKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 14. i. Lo, Visvasaman! Like Atri sing to him who purifies with his flames, to the Hotrz who should be magnified at the sacrifices, most delightful in the clan. 2 *. Lay down Agni ^atavedas, the god, the priest. May the sacrifice which best encompasses the gods, proceed to-day in due order. 3. We, the mortals, approaching thee, the atten- tive-minded god, for thy help, have thought of thy desirable aid. 4. Agni, be intent on this — on this our word1, O strong one. As such, O strong-jawed2 lord of the house, the Atris strengthen thee by their praises ; the Atris beautify thee by their prayers. NOTES. The Rishi is Vuvasaman (see verse 1) ; the metre is the same. — No verse of this hymn occurs in the other Sa;/zhitas. Verse 2. Note 1. With this verse compare below, V, 26, 7. 8. Verse 4. Note 1. The verb £it stands here first with the genitive asya, then with the accusative idam vaka/z. Note 2. Compare vol. xxxii, p. 301 (II, 34, 3, note 3). 4H VEDIC HYMNS. MAA^ALA V, HYMN 23. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 15. i. Agni, bring hither, through the power of thy splendour, powerful wealth which may manifestly prevail over all tribes in the (contests for) booty. 2. O powerful Agni! Bring hither that wealth powerful in battles. For thou art the true, won- derful giver of booty rich in cows. 3. For all men who have spread out the sacrificial grass, unanimously ask thee, the beloved Hotrz in the seats (of sacrifice), for many boons. 4. For he who dwells among all tribes, has in- vested himself with power against assault l. Agni ! In these dwelling-places shine to us richly, O bright one, shine brilliantly, O purifier ! NOTES.
34. For he who dwells among all tribes, has in- vested himself with power against assault l. Agni ! In these dwelling-places shine to us richly, O bright one, shine brilliantly, O purifier ! NOTES. The Rishi is Dyumna Vuva^arsha^i Atreya (cf. verse 1) ; the metre is the same.— Verses 1-2 = TS. I, 3, 14, 6-7. Verse 4. Note 1. Is abhimati (abhim&ti ?) a dative ? Should we read abhimati-saha// (cf. X, 83, 4) as a compound : ' he has been established as the conqueror of assaults/ MAiVDALA V, HYMN 24. 415 MAiV7?ALA V, HYMN 24. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 16. i. Agni, be thou our nearest (friend) and our kind, protecting guardian. 2. Agni is Vasu, renowned as Vasu (or, renowned by goods). Obtain, (and) bestow (on us), most bril- liant wealth 1. 3. Listen to us then ; hear our call ; deliver us from every harmful man. 4. We entreat thee now, O brightest, shining (Agni), for thy grace, for our friends. NOTES. The i?zshis are the Gaupayanas or Laupayanas, Bandhu (verse 1), Subandhu (verse 2), 5rutabandhu (verse 3), Viprabandhu (verse 4). The metre is Dvipadi Vira^. — Verses 1, 2, 4, 3 = VS. Ill, 25-26. Verses 1, 4, 2, 3 = MS. I, 5, 3. Verses 1, 2, 4 = SV. II, 457~459J VS. XV, 48 ; XXV, 47. Verses 1, 4, * = TS. I, 5> 6, *~3 5 IV, 4, 4, 8. Verse 1 = SV. I, 448. Verse 2. Note 1. The accusative dyumattamam rayim seems to depend both on akMa. nakshi and on da^. I cannot find any reason for preferring the reading of SV. and TS. dyumattama^ (Ludwig). 416 VEDIC HYMNS. MAiVZ?ALA V, HYMN 25. ASH7AKA IV, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 17-18. i. Address thy song1 for your sake to the god Agni, for his help. He is our Vasu. May the son of the dawns(?)2 give us (wealth). May the righteous one help us across our enemies. 2. He is the true one, whom the men of old, whom the gods have kindled, the Hotrz with the delightful tongue, rich in splendour with glorious shine. 3. As such, with thy widest thought and with thy best favour, shine wealth on us, excellent Agni, for our beautiful praises *. 4. Agni reigns among the gods, Agni among mortals, entering among them. Agni is the carrier of our offerings. Serve ye Agni with prayers ! 5. Agni gives to the worshipper a son most mightily renowned, a knower of mighty spells, most excellent, unconquered, who brings renown to his lord \ 6. Agni gives a good lord who is victorious in battles with his men ; Agni (gives) a steed, swiftly running, victorious (in races), unconquered. 7. Sing mightily to Agni the (song) which may best bring him (to us), O (god) rich in splendour x ! From thee (proceeds) wealth (mighty) like a buffalo- cow 2 ; from thee proceed gains. 8. Thy brilliant flames resound mightily like the pressing-stone (of the Soma) 1. And thy roaring arose like thunder by itself from heaven 2. MAiNTDALA V, HYMN 25. 417 9. Thus we have paid homage, desirous of goods, to powerful Agni. May he, the highly wise one, help us, as with a ship, across all enemies. NOTES.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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