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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
115. This, according to Yas. IX, 7, was the father of Thraétaona (Fréd(n); but Bd. XXXI, 4, 7, 8, XXXII, 1n, make it a family name for many preceding generations. 1 Or min may mean ‘apart from.’ * Demands often made by Dahak, as stated in § 13. 8 Pahl. silak-hémand, ‘something having apertures ;’ compare the sil4k-hémand which translates Av. sufrim and suwraya in Vend. II, 7, 18, 30, and has sometimes been understood as a ‘signet-ring.’ Also compare § 19 below. ‘ Assuming that m(in, ‘who,’ stands for amat, as in Chap. XIII, 2. 216 DINKARD, BOOK IX. too, that a¢ every place where he came on, amd upon which 4zs horse's hoofs (saf6) fell, the dense fire from them was for the protection of the horse's body. 16. This, too, that through his confused (gimézak6) practising of good deeds arose even the evil deeds of Az-i Dah&k. 17. About those of the Ma4zendarén! country having consulted, after the smiting of Dahak, as to turning (g4stand) to Khvantras?, and driving out Frédfin therefrom, amd as to the residence offered éy the same place through the great number fallen ; also, on account of their tallness, there are parts of the wide-formed ocean* that come up to ¢her midthigh, there are others that ave up to the navel, and the deeper places ave up to the mouth. 18. And, when they have come to this region, ¢hezyv producing grievous harm and destruction ¢v the poor‘, and the coming of the people with complaints to Frédan, and ther speaking thus: ‘Why didst thou smite Azt Dah&k, who was a good ruler as to prerogative, so that danger was kept away by him, and an inquisitor (vigéyi@4r) from him protected this region from those of the Mazendaran country ?’ 19. And they also said this, about the vileness of the Mazendaréns, and the wretched state of the people of this region as regards them, that is, they then speak thus: ‘Since their habits are thus, since they 1 See Bk. VIII, Chap. XIII, 9. 3 See Bk. VIII, Chap. VIII, 2. M4&zendarén was considered to be outside of Khvaniras because it is separated from Iran by lofty mountains. 5 The Caspian is probably meant here, being considered a portion of the circumambient ocean. * K omits ‘40 the poor.’ CHAPTER XXI, 16-22. 217 are filthy (dés-h6mé6nd)—that is, dirt (karak) is theirs—possessing holes? (silak-h6mé6nd)—that is, holes are theirs—and having appellations (kav itunisnd-hé6mé6nd)—that is, they call to one another— we men (vir) think, azd consider upon this, that they also are human beings.’ 20. About the encountering of Fréddn with those of the M4zendaran country on the plain of Pésanigas?, and disputing with them thus: ‘ You are of the Mazendar country, azd I (anman6) have destroyed Az-t Dahak by the swiftest ruin, 42% who was a grievous sovereign of every one, demons and men; for that smiting of him I am produced dy Athavmazd more overpowering than his limbs made paralyzed by his own enmity, and then you destroy this country of mine, you who are of the Mazendar country.’
221. And the Mazendaraéns thought slightingly (sapdk6) of Fréddn, and spoke in a tone of derision thus: ‘Should it be so, that thou destroyedst 4z-i Dah&k by the swiftest ruin, 42 who was a good sovereign of both demons and men, and thou art produced éy Athaymazd, for that smiting of him, more overpowering than his limbs, even then we wll settle in this place and will stay in this place ; and z¢ zs not thou that av¢ exalted, who av¢ an overgrown (kabed-4réyisn6) huge sheep with the speech of a hero among other people,,azd we would not admit thee here.’ , 22. This, too, that ‘nevertheless ¢hey afterwards fled, and the victorious Frédfin pursued ¢hem to the ? Burrows, caves, and similar underground habitations are probably meant. 2 See Chap. XVI, 17. 218 DINKARD, BOOK IX. foremost upland, and his nostrils flamed zon it so that ¢dey split it through; from his right nostril is the cutting azd sharp scorching of the ice ¢az has fallen and of all the cold of winter; and from his left nostril is the cutting azd sharp scorching of the rock ¢hat has fallen, which is similarly burning to a fire the size of a house, carrying the dust from the feet of the male ox, Barm4yfn}?, of the obstructed victor, the mighty Fréddn. 23. And he made it rush up on the ascent, whereby they are made figures of stone, and they who ave of the M4zendar country are destroyed by him through the smiting of fifties, the smiting of hundreds, the smiting of thousands ?, the smiting of myriads, and the smiting of multitudes innumerable 3.’ 24. ‘Thus ¢here are destroyed by him, the victorious and mighty Fréddn, two-thirds of those of the Mazendar country, and one-third came out beaten and sick; and never afterwards, O Spitam4n Zaratdst! have they who ave of the MAzendar country marched upon this region of Khvaniras, and z¢ has not dcex imagined by them, even in thinking about z¢, that they‘ should go ¢here, except those * whose names were thus, Sfitiydés, son of Spansndyds *, and Arezraspah, son of Spansnayés’, who have wan- 1 This appears to have also been the name of a brother of Fréddn (see Bd. XXXI, 8). ? B omits ‘the smiting of thousands.’ 5 Compare Yt. V, 54, 58,117; Pahl. Vend. VII, 137, 139. ‘ Literally ‘ we.’ ®° K has ‘the two.’ * These first two names are only in K, because B repeats here a previous phrase by mistake. The second name is written Sansnayés here, but is spelt correctly on its next occurrence. 7 These two sons of Spansndyés were the spirréual chiefs, or CHAPTER XXI, 23-XXII, I. 219 ‘dered (tagid6) in search of wisdom and have proceeded unto Frashdéstar! of the Hvébas 2.’ 25. Perfect excellence is righteousness. CuaPprerR XXII. Stdkar Nask.
37 These two sons of Spansndyés were the spirréual chiefs, or CHAPTER XXI, 23-XXII, I. 219 ‘dered (tagid6) in search of wisdom and have proceeded unto Frashdéstar! of the Hvébas 2.’ 25. Perfect excellence is righteousness. CuaPprerR XXII. Stdkar Nask. 1. The twenty-first fargard, Vahistdisti®, is about where the best prayers‘ of the good religion ave: unto Mitv6® once every night for dismissing and lessening Wrath zz the whole world, amd a second time for doing so with Lethargy ; a third nfo Srdsh ° the righteous, and the fourth is the Dahman frin’ for further gifts and increasing gifts; and the most supreme high-priests, of the two northern regions, Fradadafsh and Vidadafsh. They are named Spftéid-i Adspésinfn and Aérézrasp-i Afispésinin in Bd. XXIX, 1; and the statement that they came from Mé4zendaran, made in the text here, identifies that country with the two northern regions. The names of these two high-priests are evidently derived from the Avesta genitives Spit6is Usp&snaos and Erezraspahé Usp&snaos in Yt. XIII, 121, persons concerning whom it is only stated that their fravashis, or guardian spirits, are to be reverenced. * See Bk. VIII, Chap. XXXVIII, 68. * Av. Hvéva, the family name of Frashéstar, Gam4sp, and several other ancient personages (see Bk. VIII, Chap. XXIX, 25). * The appellation of the fifth Gatha (Yas. LII1) which begins with the words vahist4 fstis; it is here written vahist6k-fst6 in Pahlavi. “ The Pahlavi explanation of Av. vahista istis. ® See Bk. VIII, Chap. XLIV, 16. * See Bk. VIII, Chap. IX, 3. * «The blessing of members of the community.’ The Dahman Afrinagan consists of Yas. LX, 2-7 with Af. I, 14-18; but the Afrin is another formula, otherwise called ‘ the Afrin of the seven Ameshaspends,’ and it is uncertain which of the two is meant here. 220 DiNKARD, BOOK IX. preservative of them was the Dahm4n Afrin. 2. And this, too, that the most admirable of shapes of women was Hamat! of the noble family of Vistasp, of horses the splendid horse of Vist4sp, of oxen the male ox Barm4ydn?, of sheep the very much celebrated® sheep that is fat, white-jawed, and starspotted, with z¢s upper half in a manufacture (pasakhtak6) embroidered with gold and the topmost part yellow; and yet not one of them attains an equality to even a single thousandth fart of the glory of a righteous man, a member of the community, by whom the Dahman Afrin of the good zs uttered. 3. And this, too, as much as z¢s goodness for the man and zs wife is z¢s evil for a villain and hts paramour +. 4. About the exercise of sovereignty dy Kat-Us’, with triumph, over the earth of seven vegzons ; the advancement of his commands, by the people of the creation’, more swiftly than a wave of the hands; the construction of his seven dwellings (m4n)’ in the midst of Albdr’z *, one of gold, two of silver, two ? Av. (gen.) Humayau of Yt. XIII, 139. 3 See Chap. XXI, 22.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
115. This, according to Yas. IX, 7, was the father of Thraétaona (Fréd(n); but Bd. XXXI, 4, 7, 8, XXXII, 1n, make it a family name for many preceding generations. 1 Or min may mean ‘apart from.’ * Demands often made by Dahak, as stated in § 13. 8 Pahl. silak-hémand, ‘something having apertures ;’ compare the sil4k-hémand which translates Av. sufrim and suwraya in Vend. II, 7, 18, 30, and has sometimes been understood as a ‘signet-ring.’ Also compare § 19 below. ‘ Assuming that m(in, ‘who,’ stands for amat, as in Chap. XIII, 2. 216 DINKARD, BOOK IX. too, that a¢ every place where he came on, amd upon which 4zs horse's hoofs (saf6) fell, the dense fire from them was for the protection of the horse's body. 16. This, too, that through his confused (gimézak6) practising of good deeds arose even the evil deeds of Az-i Dah&k. 17. About those of the Ma4zendarén! country having consulted, after the smiting of Dahak, as to turning (g4stand) to Khvantras?, and driving out Frédfin therefrom, amd as to the residence offered éy the same place through the great number fallen ; also, on account of their tallness, there are parts of the wide-formed ocean* that come up to ¢her midthigh, there are others that ave up to the navel, and the deeper places ave up to the mouth. 18. And, when they have come to this region, ¢hezyv producing grievous harm and destruction ¢v the poor‘, and the coming of the people with complaints to Frédan, and ther speaking thus: ‘Why didst thou smite Azt Dah&k, who was a good ruler as to prerogative, so that danger was kept away by him, and an inquisitor (vigéyi@4r) from him protected this region from those of the Mazendaran country ?’ 19. And they also said this, about the vileness of the Mazendaréns, and the wretched state of the people of this region as regards them, that is, they then speak thus: ‘Since their habits are thus, since they 1 See Bk. VIII, Chap. XIII, 9. 3 See Bk. VIII, Chap. VIII, 2. M4&zendarén was considered to be outside of Khvaniras because it is separated from Iran by lofty mountains. 5 The Caspian is probably meant here, being considered a portion of the circumambient ocean. * K omits ‘40 the poor.’ CHAPTER XXI, 16-22. 217 are filthy (dés-h6mé6nd)—that is, dirt (karak) is theirs—possessing holes? (silak-h6mé6nd)—that is, holes are theirs—and having appellations (kav itunisnd-hé6mé6nd)—that is, they call to one another— we men (vir) think, azd consider upon this, that they also are human beings.’ 20. About the encountering of Fréddn with those of the M4zendaran country on the plain of Pésanigas?, and disputing with them thus: ‘ You are of the Mazendar country, azd I (anman6) have destroyed Az-t Dahak by the swiftest ruin, 42% who was a grievous sovereign of every one, demons and men; for that smiting of him I am produced dy Athavmazd more overpowering than his limbs made paralyzed by his own enmity, and then you destroy this country of mine, you who are of the Mazendar country.’
221. And the Mazendaraéns thought slightingly (sapdk6) of Fréddn, and spoke in a tone of derision thus: ‘Should it be so, that thou destroyedst 4z-i Dah&k by the swiftest ruin, 42 who was a good sovereign of both demons and men, and thou art produced éy Athaymazd, for that smiting of him, more overpowering than his limbs, even then we wll settle in this place and will stay in this place ; and z¢ zs not thou that av¢ exalted, who av¢ an overgrown (kabed-4réyisn6) huge sheep with the speech of a hero among other people,,azd we would not admit thee here.’ , 22. This, too, that ‘nevertheless ¢hey afterwards fled, and the victorious Frédfin pursued ¢hem to the ? Burrows, caves, and similar underground habitations are probably meant. 2 See Chap. XVI, 17. 218 DINKARD, BOOK IX. foremost upland, and his nostrils flamed zon it so that ¢dey split it through; from his right nostril is the cutting azd sharp scorching of the ice ¢az has fallen and of all the cold of winter; and from his left nostril is the cutting azd sharp scorching of the rock ¢hat has fallen, which is similarly burning to a fire the size of a house, carrying the dust from the feet of the male ox, Barm4yfn}?, of the obstructed victor, the mighty Fréddn. 23. And he made it rush up on the ascent, whereby they are made figures of stone, and they who ave of the M4zendar country are destroyed by him through the smiting of fifties, the smiting of hundreds, the smiting of thousands ?, the smiting of myriads, and the smiting of multitudes innumerable 3.’ 24. ‘Thus ¢here are destroyed by him, the victorious and mighty Fréddn, two-thirds of those of the Mazendar country, and one-third came out beaten and sick; and never afterwards, O Spitam4n Zaratdst! have they who ave of the MAzendar country marched upon this region of Khvaniras, and z¢ has not dcex imagined by them, even in thinking about z¢, that they‘ should go ¢here, except those * whose names were thus, Sfitiydés, son of Spansndyds *, and Arezraspah, son of Spansnayés’, who have wan- 1 This appears to have also been the name of a brother of Fréddn (see Bd. XXXI, 8). ? B omits ‘the smiting of thousands.’ 5 Compare Yt. V, 54, 58,117; Pahl. Vend. VII, 137, 139. ‘ Literally ‘ we.’ ®° K has ‘the two.’ * These first two names are only in K, because B repeats here a previous phrase by mistake. The second name is written Sansnayés here, but is spelt correctly on its next occurrence. 7 These two sons of Spansndyés were the spirréual chiefs, or CHAPTER XXI, 23-XXII, I. 219 ‘dered (tagid6) in search of wisdom and have proceeded unto Frashdéstar! of the Hvébas 2.’ 25. Perfect excellence is righteousness. CuaPprerR XXII. Stdkar Nask.
37 These two sons of Spansndyés were the spirréual chiefs, or CHAPTER XXI, 23-XXII, I. 219 ‘dered (tagid6) in search of wisdom and have proceeded unto Frashdéstar! of the Hvébas 2.’ 25. Perfect excellence is righteousness. CuaPprerR XXII. Stdkar Nask. 1. The twenty-first fargard, Vahistdisti®, is about where the best prayers‘ of the good religion ave: unto Mitv6® once every night for dismissing and lessening Wrath zz the whole world, amd a second time for doing so with Lethargy ; a third nfo Srdsh ° the righteous, and the fourth is the Dahman frin’ for further gifts and increasing gifts; and the most supreme high-priests, of the two northern regions, Fradadafsh and Vidadafsh. They are named Spftéid-i Adspésinfn and Aérézrasp-i Afispésinin in Bd. XXIX, 1; and the statement that they came from Mé4zendaran, made in the text here, identifies that country with the two northern regions. The names of these two high-priests are evidently derived from the Avesta genitives Spit6is Usp&snaos and Erezraspahé Usp&snaos in Yt. XIII, 121, persons concerning whom it is only stated that their fravashis, or guardian spirits, are to be reverenced. * See Bk. VIII, Chap. XXXVIII, 68. * Av. Hvéva, the family name of Frashéstar, Gam4sp, and several other ancient personages (see Bk. VIII, Chap. XXIX, 25). * The appellation of the fifth Gatha (Yas. LII1) which begins with the words vahist4 fstis; it is here written vahist6k-fst6 in Pahlavi. “ The Pahlavi explanation of Av. vahista istis. ® See Bk. VIII, Chap. XLIV, 16. * See Bk. VIII, Chap. IX, 3. * «The blessing of members of the community.’ The Dahman Afrinagan consists of Yas. LX, 2-7 with Af. I, 14-18; but the Afrin is another formula, otherwise called ‘ the Afrin of the seven Ameshaspends,’ and it is uncertain which of the two is meant here. 220 DiNKARD, BOOK IX. preservative of them was the Dahm4n Afrin. 2. And this, too, that the most admirable of shapes of women was Hamat! of the noble family of Vistasp, of horses the splendid horse of Vist4sp, of oxen the male ox Barm4ydn?, of sheep the very much celebrated® sheep that is fat, white-jawed, and starspotted, with z¢s upper half in a manufacture (pasakhtak6) embroidered with gold and the topmost part yellow; and yet not one of them attains an equality to even a single thousandth fart of the glory of a righteous man, a member of the community, by whom the Dahman Afrin of the good zs uttered. 3. And this, too, as much as z¢s goodness for the man and zs wife is z¢s evil for a villain and hts paramour +. 4. About the exercise of sovereignty dy Kat-Us’, with triumph, over the earth of seven vegzons ; the advancement of his commands, by the people of the creation’, more swiftly than a wave of the hands; the construction of his seven dwellings (m4n)’ in the midst of Albdr’z *, one of gold, two of silver, two ? Av. (gen.) Humayau of Yt. XIII, 139. 3 See Chap. XXI, 22.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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