Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
135. ‘They who are a counterpart (aé@indth) of manifestation from the religion—and even through the resemblance ¢here is a possibility of the existence of understanding—eve mentioned as effecting proper consideration {hd-sikAl-gar); and he who has to exhibit enlightenment (réshan6) through knowledge, as to maintain acquaintance with the religion. 36. And since the origin of every knowledge is the religion, alike through spiritual power, and alike through worldly manifestation ', that which any one as wisely spoken—even though not considered by him as similarly beheld (ham-dtdd5) by any Avesta declaration—is still then accounted as a manifestation from the religion, whose business is * Assuming that pédakih-inid&rith stands for péd&kini darth. [37] Ee 418 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. bringing forth offspring for the sacred beings through instruction.’ FROM PERSIAN RIVAYATS:?. I. From THE RivAyat oF Bauman POneyau °. The names of the twenty-one Nasks, from the Yath4-ahd-vairy6é :—Yath4, the StOdkar; ahd, the Varstah-ménthrah; vairyé, the Bagh; atha, the Damdad; ratus, the NAdfr; ashdd, the P4zin; Rid, the Ratustayid; ha#4, the Baris; vangheus, the Kassr6éb; dazd4, the Vistéspad; mananghé, the Dad; skyaothanan4m, the Aidrast; angheus, the Spentah; mazdai, the Bay4n-yast; khshathremA4, the NiyAdém; ahurdi, the Duvdsarégia ; 4, the Hisparam ; yim, the Sakadém; drigubyé, the Gud-dév-dad‘!; dadad, the HAadokht of the Dv4zdah-hamaspah ; vast4rem, the Yast ® ? Then follows a briefer account of the remaining three archangels. % These extracts from the Persian Rivayats are taken from MS, 29 belonging to the Bombay University Library, which is a copy, made a. p. 1679, from a long Rivayat said to have been compiled by Barzft Kamdin. The same extracts are to be found in many other MSS. 5 Bahman PA@ngyah of Surat, a layman whose father’s name appears to have been Isfendy4r, returned from Persia a. p. 1627, with letters and MSS. from priests in Iran in reply to letters from priests in India. ‘ The Vendtdad. ® The order in which the Nasks are here arranged is the same as that employed in Dk. VIII, Chap. I, 12, and was in general PERSIAN RIVAYATS, 419 II. From THe RivAyat or KAMAn BAHRAH}, 1. The name of the first of these books is Stédyast*, and this is a book of thirty-three compilations (drat), that is, of thirty-three subdivisions (kardah). The sending down of this book was for the description of the Lord® and his angels; and he made 7¢ an indispensable duty for the whole world that they learn this book by heart, and for this purpose they form an assembly. Of this total of twenty-one Nasks it is one Nask of the Avesta, and in that mode they recite this. 2. The name of the second is Stadgar ‘¢, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praise-
2Of this total of twenty-one Nasks it is one Nask of the Avesta, and in that mode they recite this. 2. The name of the second is Stadgar ‘¢, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praise- use 600 years ago, as we find that Rfistém Mitré-dpfn (the writer of the original from which K1 was copied a.p. 1324) considered the Vendidéd as the nineteenth Nask, corresponding to the Avesta word driguby6 in the Ahunavair. In Olshausen and Mohl’s Fragmens relatifs 2 la religion de Zoroastre, a similar list of the Nasks is extracted from Anquetil’s Great Rivdyat, in which the order and orthography of the names of the Nasks are the same as those adopted by the later writers of the Persian Rivayats, beginning with the Stéd-yast and ending with the Hadokht (which makes the Vendfd4d the twentieth Nask), and reversing the order of the Aidrast and Spentah, as well as that of the Duvdsarégid and Hfsp4rém. } This writer is often quoted in the Rivayats, but no particulars about him have been noticed. Another copy of this text occurs in MS. 225 of Ouseley’s Collection (O225, fols. 15-19) in the Bodleian Library at Oxford; Olshausen and Mohl (OM) combine the information given in II and III; and MS. ro of Haug’s Collection in the State Library at Munich (MHro, fols. 53-37) combines II and IV. ? See Dk. VIII, Chap. XLVI. 5 Assuming that ‘Avés, ‘his own,’ stands for ‘hud€f, as in Riv. IV, 2. * See Dk. VIII, Chap. II, and IX, Chaps. II-XXIII. Ee€2 420 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. worthy avd exalted, sent down for prayer and virtue, authority and intercession, and giving union to kindred. 3. The name of the third is Vahist-mAnthrah }, and that is of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praiseworthy azd exalted, sent down for faith and heedfulness in religion. Oxe is reminded, in this book, about the intention and character of Zaratust ; also the goodness of the creation, and the good actions before Zaratust; and the narrative of this book extends in this manner up to the resurrection. 4. The name of the fourth is Bagh?; this book is of twenty-one parts (p4rah) or subdivisions, and its explanation is about whatever is in the religion; also a declaration of God, the praiseworthy and exalted, and of whatever the Lord as made incumbent on mankind as to devotion and heedfulness, as to justice and virtue, azd as to good actions, closing the path of Satan to oneself, azd approaching the last abode, that is, the other world. 5.- The name of the fifth is DvA4zdah-hamAst 8, and the commentary of this book is for assistance ‘. This book is of thirty-two subdivisions, which God, the praiseworthy azd exalted, sent down in remembrance of the beginning of the creatures of the upper world and lower world. Also a description of the whole of them, and of whatever the Most Just, the praiseworthy and exalted, Aas made mention in the ? See Dk. VIII, Chap. III, and IX, Chaps. XXIV-XLVI. * Ibid. Chap. IV and Chaps. XLVII-LXVIII. ® Ibid. Chap. V.
3Also a description of the whole of them, and of whatever the Most Just, the praiseworthy and exalted, Aas made mention in the ? See Dk. VIII, Chap. III, and IX, Chaps. XXIV-XLVI. * Ibid. Chap. IV and Chaps. XLVII-LXVIII. ® Ibid. Chap. V. “ Written dar-imd4ad; but, omitting the letter r, we should have ‘ the Damdad.’ PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 421 sky and the earth, water, plants, and fire, mankind and quadrupeds, grazing animals and birds, and whatever is created for the advantage and equipment of them. And like this, moreover, the resur-. rection, that is, the raising of the dead, they path, assembling, and dispersion, and the nature and circumstances of the resurrection, as to good doers and evildoers, through the gravity of every action which they perform as good or bad. 6. The name of the sixth is NAdar?, and that is of thirty-five compilations which are sent down about the stars and the aspect and life of the sky. Also a description of the constellations, which are auspicious and which inauspicious, the method of these sciences and the operation of each one; whatever they say in sublime words, and whatever remains in this. They separate this from a book whose name in Arabic is Bavaf/al* and is about the knowledge of the stars; and in Persian the name of that book is Favamigasan 5, and they have made much more mention of the meaning of that, and of instruction of this kind for the moderns. 7. The name of the seventh is Pagam ‘, and this is a book of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praiseworthy and exalted, sent down about quadrupeds azd how it is necessary to render them 1 See Dk. VIII, Chap. VI. Singularly enough, the writers in the Rivayats profess to know very much about this and their twelfth Nask, of neither of which the Dinkard knows anything. * In the different MSS. consulted, this name is four times written JUesy. and once Jlbsyo. ® Variously written lus !ys, ylelys, plush, plasty, * See Dk. VIII, Chap. VII. 422 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
135. ‘They who are a counterpart (aé@indth) of manifestation from the religion—and even through the resemblance ¢here is a possibility of the existence of understanding—eve mentioned as effecting proper consideration {hd-sikAl-gar); and he who has to exhibit enlightenment (réshan6) through knowledge, as to maintain acquaintance with the religion. 36. And since the origin of every knowledge is the religion, alike through spiritual power, and alike through worldly manifestation ', that which any one as wisely spoken—even though not considered by him as similarly beheld (ham-dtdd5) by any Avesta declaration—is still then accounted as a manifestation from the religion, whose business is * Assuming that pédakih-inid&rith stands for péd&kini darth. [37] Ee 418 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. bringing forth offspring for the sacred beings through instruction.’ FROM PERSIAN RIVAYATS:?. I. From THE RivAyat oF Bauman POneyau °. The names of the twenty-one Nasks, from the Yath4-ahd-vairy6é :—Yath4, the StOdkar; ahd, the Varstah-ménthrah; vairyé, the Bagh; atha, the Damdad; ratus, the NAdfr; ashdd, the P4zin; Rid, the Ratustayid; ha#4, the Baris; vangheus, the Kassr6éb; dazd4, the Vistéspad; mananghé, the Dad; skyaothanan4m, the Aidrast; angheus, the Spentah; mazdai, the Bay4n-yast; khshathremA4, the NiyAdém; ahurdi, the Duvdsarégia ; 4, the Hisparam ; yim, the Sakadém; drigubyé, the Gud-dév-dad‘!; dadad, the HAadokht of the Dv4zdah-hamaspah ; vast4rem, the Yast ® ? Then follows a briefer account of the remaining three archangels. % These extracts from the Persian Rivayats are taken from MS, 29 belonging to the Bombay University Library, which is a copy, made a. p. 1679, from a long Rivayat said to have been compiled by Barzft Kamdin. The same extracts are to be found in many other MSS. 5 Bahman PA@ngyah of Surat, a layman whose father’s name appears to have been Isfendy4r, returned from Persia a. p. 1627, with letters and MSS. from priests in Iran in reply to letters from priests in India. ‘ The Vendtdad. ® The order in which the Nasks are here arranged is the same as that employed in Dk. VIII, Chap. I, 12, and was in general PERSIAN RIVAYATS, 419 II. From THe RivAyat or KAMAn BAHRAH}, 1. The name of the first of these books is Stédyast*, and this is a book of thirty-three compilations (drat), that is, of thirty-three subdivisions (kardah). The sending down of this book was for the description of the Lord® and his angels; and he made 7¢ an indispensable duty for the whole world that they learn this book by heart, and for this purpose they form an assembly. Of this total of twenty-one Nasks it is one Nask of the Avesta, and in that mode they recite this. 2. The name of the second is Stadgar ‘¢, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praise-
2Of this total of twenty-one Nasks it is one Nask of the Avesta, and in that mode they recite this. 2. The name of the second is Stadgar ‘¢, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praise- use 600 years ago, as we find that Rfistém Mitré-dpfn (the writer of the original from which K1 was copied a.p. 1324) considered the Vendidéd as the nineteenth Nask, corresponding to the Avesta word driguby6 in the Ahunavair. In Olshausen and Mohl’s Fragmens relatifs 2 la religion de Zoroastre, a similar list of the Nasks is extracted from Anquetil’s Great Rivdyat, in which the order and orthography of the names of the Nasks are the same as those adopted by the later writers of the Persian Rivayats, beginning with the Stéd-yast and ending with the Hadokht (which makes the Vendfd4d the twentieth Nask), and reversing the order of the Aidrast and Spentah, as well as that of the Duvdsarégid and Hfsp4rém. } This writer is often quoted in the Rivayats, but no particulars about him have been noticed. Another copy of this text occurs in MS. 225 of Ouseley’s Collection (O225, fols. 15-19) in the Bodleian Library at Oxford; Olshausen and Mohl (OM) combine the information given in II and III; and MS. ro of Haug’s Collection in the State Library at Munich (MHro, fols. 53-37) combines II and IV. ? See Dk. VIII, Chap. XLVI. 5 Assuming that ‘Avés, ‘his own,’ stands for ‘hud€f, as in Riv. IV, 2. * See Dk. VIII, Chap. II, and IX, Chaps. II-XXIII. Ee€2 420 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. worthy avd exalted, sent down for prayer and virtue, authority and intercession, and giving union to kindred. 3. The name of the third is Vahist-mAnthrah }, and that is of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praiseworthy azd exalted, sent down for faith and heedfulness in religion. Oxe is reminded, in this book, about the intention and character of Zaratust ; also the goodness of the creation, and the good actions before Zaratust; and the narrative of this book extends in this manner up to the resurrection. 4. The name of the fourth is Bagh?; this book is of twenty-one parts (p4rah) or subdivisions, and its explanation is about whatever is in the religion; also a declaration of God, the praiseworthy and exalted, and of whatever the Lord as made incumbent on mankind as to devotion and heedfulness, as to justice and virtue, azd as to good actions, closing the path of Satan to oneself, azd approaching the last abode, that is, the other world. 5.- The name of the fifth is DvA4zdah-hamAst 8, and the commentary of this book is for assistance ‘. This book is of thirty-two subdivisions, which God, the praiseworthy azd exalted, sent down in remembrance of the beginning of the creatures of the upper world and lower world. Also a description of the whole of them, and of whatever the Most Just, the praiseworthy and exalted, Aas made mention in the ? See Dk. VIII, Chap. III, and IX, Chaps. XXIV-XLVI. * Ibid. Chap. IV and Chaps. XLVII-LXVIII. ® Ibid. Chap. V.
3Also a description of the whole of them, and of whatever the Most Just, the praiseworthy and exalted, Aas made mention in the ? See Dk. VIII, Chap. III, and IX, Chaps. XXIV-XLVI. * Ibid. Chap. IV and Chaps. XLVII-LXVIII. ® Ibid. Chap. V. “ Written dar-imd4ad; but, omitting the letter r, we should have ‘ the Damdad.’ PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 421 sky and the earth, water, plants, and fire, mankind and quadrupeds, grazing animals and birds, and whatever is created for the advantage and equipment of them. And like this, moreover, the resur-. rection, that is, the raising of the dead, they path, assembling, and dispersion, and the nature and circumstances of the resurrection, as to good doers and evildoers, through the gravity of every action which they perform as good or bad. 6. The name of the sixth is NAdar?, and that is of thirty-five compilations which are sent down about the stars and the aspect and life of the sky. Also a description of the constellations, which are auspicious and which inauspicious, the method of these sciences and the operation of each one; whatever they say in sublime words, and whatever remains in this. They separate this from a book whose name in Arabic is Bavaf/al* and is about the knowledge of the stars; and in Persian the name of that book is Favamigasan 5, and they have made much more mention of the meaning of that, and of instruction of this kind for the moderns. 7. The name of the seventh is Pagam ‘, and this is a book of twenty-two subdivisions, which God, the praiseworthy and exalted, sent down about quadrupeds azd how it is necessary to render them 1 See Dk. VIII, Chap. VI. Singularly enough, the writers in the Rivayats profess to know very much about this and their twelfth Nask, of neither of which the Dinkard knows anything. * In the different MSS. consulted, this name is four times written JUesy. and once Jlbsyo. ® Variously written lus !ys, ylelys, plush, plasty, * See Dk. VIII, Chap. VII. 422 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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