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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1* In the different MSS. consulted, this name is four times written JUesy. and once Jlbsyo. ® Variously written lus !ys, ylelys, plush, plasty, * See Dk. VIII, Chap. VII. 422 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. lawful, which is lawful and which unlawful, azd how they slaughter ¢hem,; which it is and how it is necessary to slaughter z¢ for the sake of a seasonfestival, and whatever is about a season-festival ; how it is necessary to celebrate z¢, and the person who takes the things'; the expense of a seasonfestival and how much the reward is; how it is necessary to give to the priests, controllers (rad4n), and high-priests, and to any persons who are without doubts, who in speech, action, and intention are virtuous, and any persons who recite the season-festival liturgy. And everything wise is in this book; and this is incumbent on all people that they learn this, and z¢ zs the same for all till the days of the guardian spirits ; and every one who possesses knowledge seeks for this, and causes intercession by mankind, for the sake of the worthy, such as clothing for a righteous gift, so that ove obtains recompense in the end from heaven; and it is necessary to give this clothing for a righteous gift to relations and the worthy. 8. The name of the eighth is Ratustdyt?, and this is of fifty subdivisions, 6v¢ when, after the time of Alexander, they held an enquiry, they found no more ¢han thirteen subdivisions. And these are about the affairs of the king and obedience, judges and whatever becomes important in holding enquiries, philosophers and devotees; about the edifices of cities, constructed and made magnificent, birds and species of animals, fish avd whatever is 1 O228 has 4izh4, the others only h4; but compare Dk. VIII, Chap. VII, 5. 2 See Dk. VIII, Chap. VIII. PERSIAN RIVAYATS, 423 Ormazd’s, the fowls of Ormazd besides the creatures of Aharman; likewise mountains, rivers, and land, and the like of these. g. The name of the ninth is Baris', and this is a book of sixty subdivisions, éu¢ after the tcme of Alexander they found again no more ¢han twelve subdivisions. And these are about descriptions of kings and judges, and an investigation of their authority and their sufficiency; also the relations of a peasant with peasants, of a king with the kingdom, of judges with a judge, and whatever remains therein, Any actions that are for every nation, how they are ordered, and the option as to their species and nature; also whatever the people know, and the advantage ¢#at arises therefrom; besides the sins of people, deceit, telling lies, and whatever remains therein.
210. The name of the tenth is Kaskastrah 2, and this is a book of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after the calamity of Alexander they found again no more than fifteen. Its explanation is about the distinction (fagl) of natural wisdom and knowledge® from acquired knowledge, that is, the knowledge born from the mother, and the knowledge and instruction they learn; oe learned in purity and truthful speaking, and anything that 4as brought mankind with virtue out of evil, and with purity out of defilement, and this keeps the doctrine praised and great, and whoever is in the vicinity of a king, and is a peasant, becomes greater zm honour and dignity; and, in like manner, any things from which advan- * See Dk. VIII, Chap. IX. 2 Ibid. Chap. X. 5 So in OM, MHro; but O225, Bzg are corrupted. 424 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS, tage arises for mankind; and, as ¢o those who tell lies, how it occurs in the vicinity of kings and peasants. 11, The eleventh is the Vistasp-sh4h}, and that is of sixty compilations, du¢ after the calamity of Alexander. they found again no more than ten subdivisions. It is about Gust4sp’s acceptance of the sovereignty, and as to the religion of Zaratust— who was skilful in reciting the religion, and maintaining z¢ and making z¢ current in the world—he chose the religion of Zaratust. 12. The name of the twelfth is ‘Hast, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions, which are sent down in six portions (guzQ). The first is about knowing the Lord, may he be honoured and glorified! and faith on account of Zaratust. The second portion is about the obedience of kings, the truth of the religion, complying w¢# commands and resisting them, and restraining ove’s hand from bad actions. The third portion is about the promise Zo benefactors and their recompense, evildoers and punishment, and escaping hell. The fourth portion is about the mansions of the world, agriculture, trimming trees, such as the date tree, and whatever remains thereof; the trouble and power of mankind and quadrupeds therefrom, and the obedience they exercise; they are the people to whom heedfulness is attributed, and whatever remains thereof ; and the high-priests perform ¢heiy duty by the law of the religion. The fifth portion is about the ranks of mankind, and 1 See Dk. VIII, Chap. XI. In Riv. IV the surviving subdivisions are said to be only eight, so as to correspond with the sections of the extant Vistaésp Yast. * Ibid. Chap. XII. O225 has ‘Hast. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 425
3The fifth portion is about the ranks of mankind, and 1 See Dk. VIII, Chap. XI. In Riv. IV the surviving subdivisions are said to be only eight, so as to correspond with the sections of the extant Vistaésp Yast. * Ibid. Chap. XII. O225 has ‘Hast. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 425 those are four ranks: the first is to maintain the king grandly, and, next, the judges and the learned zm religion; the second rank is to keep watch over the cities, and to annihilate the enemy ; of the third rank are writers and, secondarily, cultivators and the society of cities; of the fourth rank are the people of trade, artizans, market-dealers, and tax-gatherers, in war they appear excited, and it is requisite to give a tithe 4o the high-priests and king; they keep on foot the obeisances and good works of which we have spoken, and, when they act thus, they obtain great rewards in the end}. 13. The name of the thirteenth is Sfend 2, and that is of sixty subdivisions which are sent down for the information of people who are in want of it, and for the knowledge of those persons who become covetous 6f virtuous actions, and act after the proceedings of the learned and people of religion, and receive advantage therefrom ; also as reminders that there is advantage from the daily practice of them. And this book is our reminder about the accounts of the apostle Zaratust by religious people, and whatever is the allotment of God, the exalted; about the false speaking of the people of the world, and about the goodness of the condition of the people of the world. Also whatever becomes manifest in ten years, about the miracles of Zaratust, by the seven reports that they recite. 14. The name of the fourteenth is Girast *, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions sent down for the ’ Nothing is said of the sixth portion, either in the Rivayats or the Din-vigirgard. * See Dk. VIII, Chap. XIV. ® Ibid. Chap. XIII. MHz1o has Xirast. 426 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. understanding of the causes of mankind, which have made people manifest in the mother’s womb, and afterwards those who come out of the womb, some of whom are apostles, some kings, and some peasants ; and whatever remains therein. 15. The name of the fifteenth is Bagh4n-yast’, and it is of seventeen subdivisions in praise of the creations of God, the praiseworthy azd exalted, and the angels admitted to him; also thanksgiving for his favours, and that which he makes expedient in the religion, augments the thanksgiving /or his favour, until ove obtains z¢ back in the end; likewise the appearance of the angels, and this is noble. Praise be to the sacred being, the exalted!
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1* In the different MSS. consulted, this name is four times written JUesy. and once Jlbsyo. ® Variously written lus !ys, ylelys, plush, plasty, * See Dk. VIII, Chap. VII. 422 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. lawful, which is lawful and which unlawful, azd how they slaughter ¢hem,; which it is and how it is necessary to slaughter z¢ for the sake of a seasonfestival, and whatever is about a season-festival ; how it is necessary to celebrate z¢, and the person who takes the things'; the expense of a seasonfestival and how much the reward is; how it is necessary to give to the priests, controllers (rad4n), and high-priests, and to any persons who are without doubts, who in speech, action, and intention are virtuous, and any persons who recite the season-festival liturgy. And everything wise is in this book; and this is incumbent on all people that they learn this, and z¢ zs the same for all till the days of the guardian spirits ; and every one who possesses knowledge seeks for this, and causes intercession by mankind, for the sake of the worthy, such as clothing for a righteous gift, so that ove obtains recompense in the end from heaven; and it is necessary to give this clothing for a righteous gift to relations and the worthy. 8. The name of the eighth is Ratustdyt?, and this is of fifty subdivisions, 6v¢ when, after the time of Alexander, they held an enquiry, they found no more ¢han thirteen subdivisions. And these are about the affairs of the king and obedience, judges and whatever becomes important in holding enquiries, philosophers and devotees; about the edifices of cities, constructed and made magnificent, birds and species of animals, fish avd whatever is 1 O228 has 4izh4, the others only h4; but compare Dk. VIII, Chap. VII, 5. 2 See Dk. VIII, Chap. VIII. PERSIAN RIVAYATS, 423 Ormazd’s, the fowls of Ormazd besides the creatures of Aharman; likewise mountains, rivers, and land, and the like of these. g. The name of the ninth is Baris', and this is a book of sixty subdivisions, éu¢ after the tcme of Alexander they found again no more ¢han twelve subdivisions. And these are about descriptions of kings and judges, and an investigation of their authority and their sufficiency; also the relations of a peasant with peasants, of a king with the kingdom, of judges with a judge, and whatever remains therein, Any actions that are for every nation, how they are ordered, and the option as to their species and nature; also whatever the people know, and the advantage ¢#at arises therefrom; besides the sins of people, deceit, telling lies, and whatever remains therein.
210. The name of the tenth is Kaskastrah 2, and this is a book of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after the calamity of Alexander they found again no more than fifteen. Its explanation is about the distinction (fagl) of natural wisdom and knowledge® from acquired knowledge, that is, the knowledge born from the mother, and the knowledge and instruction they learn; oe learned in purity and truthful speaking, and anything that 4as brought mankind with virtue out of evil, and with purity out of defilement, and this keeps the doctrine praised and great, and whoever is in the vicinity of a king, and is a peasant, becomes greater zm honour and dignity; and, in like manner, any things from which advan- * See Dk. VIII, Chap. IX. 2 Ibid. Chap. X. 5 So in OM, MHro; but O225, Bzg are corrupted. 424 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS, tage arises for mankind; and, as ¢o those who tell lies, how it occurs in the vicinity of kings and peasants. 11, The eleventh is the Vistasp-sh4h}, and that is of sixty compilations, du¢ after the calamity of Alexander. they found again no more than ten subdivisions. It is about Gust4sp’s acceptance of the sovereignty, and as to the religion of Zaratust— who was skilful in reciting the religion, and maintaining z¢ and making z¢ current in the world—he chose the religion of Zaratust. 12. The name of the twelfth is ‘Hast, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions, which are sent down in six portions (guzQ). The first is about knowing the Lord, may he be honoured and glorified! and faith on account of Zaratust. The second portion is about the obedience of kings, the truth of the religion, complying w¢# commands and resisting them, and restraining ove’s hand from bad actions. The third portion is about the promise Zo benefactors and their recompense, evildoers and punishment, and escaping hell. The fourth portion is about the mansions of the world, agriculture, trimming trees, such as the date tree, and whatever remains thereof; the trouble and power of mankind and quadrupeds therefrom, and the obedience they exercise; they are the people to whom heedfulness is attributed, and whatever remains thereof ; and the high-priests perform ¢heiy duty by the law of the religion. The fifth portion is about the ranks of mankind, and 1 See Dk. VIII, Chap. XI. In Riv. IV the surviving subdivisions are said to be only eight, so as to correspond with the sections of the extant Vistaésp Yast. * Ibid. Chap. XII. O225 has ‘Hast. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 425
3The fifth portion is about the ranks of mankind, and 1 See Dk. VIII, Chap. XI. In Riv. IV the surviving subdivisions are said to be only eight, so as to correspond with the sections of the extant Vistaésp Yast. * Ibid. Chap. XII. O225 has ‘Hast. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 425 those are four ranks: the first is to maintain the king grandly, and, next, the judges and the learned zm religion; the second rank is to keep watch over the cities, and to annihilate the enemy ; of the third rank are writers and, secondarily, cultivators and the society of cities; of the fourth rank are the people of trade, artizans, market-dealers, and tax-gatherers, in war they appear excited, and it is requisite to give a tithe 4o the high-priests and king; they keep on foot the obeisances and good works of which we have spoken, and, when they act thus, they obtain great rewards in the end}. 13. The name of the thirteenth is Sfend 2, and that is of sixty subdivisions which are sent down for the information of people who are in want of it, and for the knowledge of those persons who become covetous 6f virtuous actions, and act after the proceedings of the learned and people of religion, and receive advantage therefrom ; also as reminders that there is advantage from the daily practice of them. And this book is our reminder about the accounts of the apostle Zaratust by religious people, and whatever is the allotment of God, the exalted; about the false speaking of the people of the world, and about the goodness of the condition of the people of the world. Also whatever becomes manifest in ten years, about the miracles of Zaratust, by the seven reports that they recite. 14. The name of the fourteenth is Girast *, and this is of twenty-two subdivisions sent down for the ’ Nothing is said of the sixth portion, either in the Rivayats or the Din-vigirgard. * See Dk. VIII, Chap. XIV. ® Ibid. Chap. XIII. MHz1o has Xirast. 426 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. understanding of the causes of mankind, which have made people manifest in the mother’s womb, and afterwards those who come out of the womb, some of whom are apostles, some kings, and some peasants ; and whatever remains therein. 15. The name of the fifteenth is Bagh4n-yast’, and it is of seventeen subdivisions in praise of the creations of God, the praiseworthy azd exalted, and the angels admitted to him; also thanksgiving for his favours, and that which he makes expedient in the religion, augments the thanksgiving /or his favour, until ove obtains z¢ back in the end; likewise the appearance of the angels, and this is noble. Praise be to the sacred being, the exalted!
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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