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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Praise be to the sacred being, the exalted! 16. The name of the sixteenth is Niy4ram%, and that is of fifty-four subdivisions, about decrees as to riches, introducing inmates among outsiders, and whatever is made lawful by the exalted Lord; obtaining deliverance from hell, performing service, slavery, and the nature of wayfarers, and every one who performs service and produces remembrance for mankind ; whatever is in the thoughts of mankind, and whatever is in the bodies of mankind. 17. The seventeenth is AspAram 3, and this is of sixty-four subdivisions, which are sent down about rituals, those which are in the book of the people of the religion, and an examination of the people’s expense they know of, for the safety and punishment they order in the world until they obtain deliverance in the end; and whatever they do lawfully and do unlawfully they know; also decrees » See Dk. VIII, Chap. XV. 3 Ibid. Chaps. XVI-XX. 5 Ibid. Chaps. XXVIII-XXXVII. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 427 as to inheritances and the limits of faith, about anything which they sow and whatever they grow, and about regulating nativity; whatever ove makes incumbent on memory, and whatever ove makes incumbent on memoranda prepared; also how it is necessary to produce whatever tokens there are at the time of childbirth. 18. The name of the eighteenth is DuvAsarénigad, and it is of sixty-five subdivisions; robbers of human beings and quadrupeds, whatever ove makes incumbent that they shall give, and an enumeration of what one makes incumbent on each one of them, owing to theft and terror, obstructing the roads, the dread of the wayfarers, azd the disturbance of prisons; and whatever remains therein. 19. The name of the nineteenth is AskA4ram 2, and it is of fifty-two subdivisions, about judges and philosophers, the method of examining decrees, the knowledge of definitions, and an opinion of those in other matters. 20. The name of the twentieth is Vendidad3, and that is of twenty-two subdivisions, for causing the abstinence of mankind from bad actions, from the devil and disgrace, foreign magicians and those who act after their proceedings and become committers of crime; and we are told of their crime among the whole of the goodness and purity, and the whole of the wickedness and defilement, and the explanation of them. 1 See Dk. VIII, Chaps. XXI-XXVII. MHro has Duvasr6b, and OM DuvAsarégad; duv4 standing for dfiba, or zfiba, the traditional reading of the Zvaris ganab4, ‘a thief.’ 2 Ibid. Chaps. XXXVIII-XLIII. 8 Ibid. Chap. XLIV. 428 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS.
21 See Dk. VIII, Chaps. XXI-XXVII. MHro has Duvasr6b, and OM DuvAsarégad; duv4 standing for dfiba, or zfiba, the traditional reading of the Zvaris ganab4, ‘a thief.’ 2 Ibid. Chaps. XXXVIII-XLIII. 8 Ibid. Chap. XLIV. 428 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. 21. The name of the twenty-first is Hadokht}, and this is a book of thirty subdivisions, about the manner of bringing together and the abundance of miracles, also the excellence and connections of them. And the accursed devil goes far from every one who recites this book together with the Yast ?, and this person is near 4o the rank (p4igah) of a sacred being, and his sins become pure; also in this book the accursed devil becomes cursed, and God knows 2¢. III. From tue RivAyat or NarfmMAn HésuHanc 3. 1. Again, that which is in Pahlavi characters is clear zz that manner, that in the Yathd-ah-vairyé there are twenty-one vocables, that is, twenty-one words, and beneath each word there is an equivalent meaning; it is also known to the devout ¢ha/ there are twenty-one Nasks of the Avesta. 2. The first Nask is of thirty-three subdivisions, that is, it is of thirty-three compilations, and its name is Stéd-yast, that is, ‘producing the praise of the sacred beings ;’ and the words of the book have come down for the majesty of the sacred beings and angels, and they recite ¢hem in that manner; and zz the presence of every high-priest of the pure ritual, who rightly understands its Avesta and Zand, } See Dk. VIII, Chap. XLV. Oz225 has HAdékht. ® The Yasna, or St6d-yast of § 1. § Narém4n Héshang of Bhardé returned from Persia, a.p. 1478, with letters from priests in Iran in reply to those from priests in India. His account of the Nasks is more abbreviated than the others, and appears to be derived from a Pahlavi original. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 429 as he recites ¢hem correctly on three occasions, the angels come down; of this there is no doubt. . 3. The name of the second is IstQdgar, and it is of twenty-two subdivisions; its statements are for the admonition of the people. 4. The name of the third Nask is Vahistmanthrah, and it is of twenty-two subdivisions ; its purport is to bring confirmation of the religion. 5. The name of the fourth is Bagh, and this is of twenty-one subdivisions; its explanation is about heedfulness. 6. The name of the fifth is DvAzdah-hamAst, and it is of thirty-two subdivisions; its explanation is in remembrance of the upper world, and about the lower world. 7. The name of the sixth is NAdar, and that is of thirty-five compilations; its explanation is about the interpretation of the world of the stars, the planets and constellations, and understanding the arrangement of the sky.
37. The name of the sixth is NAdar, and that is of thirty-five compilations; its explanation is about the interpretation of the world of the stars, the planets and constellations, and understanding the arrangement of the sky. 8. The seventh is the Pagam; this Nask is of twenty-two subdivisions, and its explanation is with regard to lawful and unlawful animals, whenever they slaughter ¢hem for the sake of solemnizing a season-festival; and, again, whatever is manifold reward and good work; also about the reason of the five days of the guardian spirits, which they call the select, and wherefore they are appointed. 9. The name of the eighth is RatustAyt, and it is of fifty subdivisions, of which, after the time of Alexander, they preserved and found no more ¢han thirteen subdivisions; its explanation is about maintaining devotion, and of obedience to kings, highpriests, and governors. 430 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. 10. The name of the ninth is Baris, and this Nask was of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after the time of Alexander they found no more ¢han twelve subdivisions; its explanation is of those who are kings and high-priests, leaders and princes, judges and messengers, what is the nature of the authority of peasants and princes, and what kind of towns they possess. 11. The name of the tenth is Kassr6éb, and this Nask has been of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after che time of Alexander they found again no more ¢han fifteen subdivisions; its explanation is about the distinction of natural wisdom and knowledge from acquired knowledge; that which makes mankind pure from defilement, and the usage that maintains the proceedings of mankind. 12. The eleventh is the Nask of VistAsp-sh4h, and it has been of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after the time of Alexander they found again no more than ten subdivisions, and ¢heiy statements are with regard to king Gust4sp making the religion current. 13. The name of the twelfth is‘/7ast, and it is of twenty-two subdivisions; its explanation is about enquiry of wisdom, maintaining devotion in the world, avd the punishment for every sin such as they supply z¢. 14. The name of the thirteenth is Sfend, and it is of sixty subdivisions; its explanation is of that which they demonstrate as miracles from this Nask, that every requirement comes to pass which every high-priest—wAo shall recite this Nask for several days with sevenfold voice, according to that which has been written—shall solicit for the world. 15. The name of the fourteenth is Girast, and PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 431 this is of twenty-two subdivisions, its explanation is about the creation of the people of mankind in the day of the Eternal, until the last day of the resurrection occurs; their becoming manifest in the mother’s womb, aza@ why some die in the womb and some are born, some are kings and some are peasants.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Praise be to the sacred being, the exalted! 16. The name of the sixteenth is Niy4ram%, and that is of fifty-four subdivisions, about decrees as to riches, introducing inmates among outsiders, and whatever is made lawful by the exalted Lord; obtaining deliverance from hell, performing service, slavery, and the nature of wayfarers, and every one who performs service and produces remembrance for mankind ; whatever is in the thoughts of mankind, and whatever is in the bodies of mankind. 17. The seventeenth is AspAram 3, and this is of sixty-four subdivisions, which are sent down about rituals, those which are in the book of the people of the religion, and an examination of the people’s expense they know of, for the safety and punishment they order in the world until they obtain deliverance in the end; and whatever they do lawfully and do unlawfully they know; also decrees » See Dk. VIII, Chap. XV. 3 Ibid. Chaps. XVI-XX. 5 Ibid. Chaps. XXVIII-XXXVII. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 427 as to inheritances and the limits of faith, about anything which they sow and whatever they grow, and about regulating nativity; whatever ove makes incumbent on memory, and whatever ove makes incumbent on memoranda prepared; also how it is necessary to produce whatever tokens there are at the time of childbirth. 18. The name of the eighteenth is DuvAsarénigad, and it is of sixty-five subdivisions; robbers of human beings and quadrupeds, whatever ove makes incumbent that they shall give, and an enumeration of what one makes incumbent on each one of them, owing to theft and terror, obstructing the roads, the dread of the wayfarers, azd the disturbance of prisons; and whatever remains therein. 19. The name of the nineteenth is AskA4ram 2, and it is of fifty-two subdivisions, about judges and philosophers, the method of examining decrees, the knowledge of definitions, and an opinion of those in other matters. 20. The name of the twentieth is Vendidad3, and that is of twenty-two subdivisions, for causing the abstinence of mankind from bad actions, from the devil and disgrace, foreign magicians and those who act after their proceedings and become committers of crime; and we are told of their crime among the whole of the goodness and purity, and the whole of the wickedness and defilement, and the explanation of them. 1 See Dk. VIII, Chaps. XXI-XXVII. MHro has Duvasr6b, and OM DuvAsarégad; duv4 standing for dfiba, or zfiba, the traditional reading of the Zvaris ganab4, ‘a thief.’ 2 Ibid. Chaps. XXXVIII-XLIII. 8 Ibid. Chap. XLIV. 428 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS.
21 See Dk. VIII, Chaps. XXI-XXVII. MHro has Duvasr6b, and OM DuvAsarégad; duv4 standing for dfiba, or zfiba, the traditional reading of the Zvaris ganab4, ‘a thief.’ 2 Ibid. Chaps. XXXVIII-XLIII. 8 Ibid. Chap. XLIV. 428 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. 21. The name of the twenty-first is Hadokht}, and this is a book of thirty subdivisions, about the manner of bringing together and the abundance of miracles, also the excellence and connections of them. And the accursed devil goes far from every one who recites this book together with the Yast ?, and this person is near 4o the rank (p4igah) of a sacred being, and his sins become pure; also in this book the accursed devil becomes cursed, and God knows 2¢. III. From tue RivAyat or NarfmMAn HésuHanc 3. 1. Again, that which is in Pahlavi characters is clear zz that manner, that in the Yathd-ah-vairyé there are twenty-one vocables, that is, twenty-one words, and beneath each word there is an equivalent meaning; it is also known to the devout ¢ha/ there are twenty-one Nasks of the Avesta. 2. The first Nask is of thirty-three subdivisions, that is, it is of thirty-three compilations, and its name is Stéd-yast, that is, ‘producing the praise of the sacred beings ;’ and the words of the book have come down for the majesty of the sacred beings and angels, and they recite ¢hem in that manner; and zz the presence of every high-priest of the pure ritual, who rightly understands its Avesta and Zand, } See Dk. VIII, Chap. XLV. Oz225 has HAdékht. ® The Yasna, or St6d-yast of § 1. § Narém4n Héshang of Bhardé returned from Persia, a.p. 1478, with letters from priests in Iran in reply to those from priests in India. His account of the Nasks is more abbreviated than the others, and appears to be derived from a Pahlavi original. PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 429 as he recites ¢hem correctly on three occasions, the angels come down; of this there is no doubt. . 3. The name of the second is IstQdgar, and it is of twenty-two subdivisions; its statements are for the admonition of the people. 4. The name of the third Nask is Vahistmanthrah, and it is of twenty-two subdivisions ; its purport is to bring confirmation of the religion. 5. The name of the fourth is Bagh, and this is of twenty-one subdivisions; its explanation is about heedfulness. 6. The name of the fifth is DvAzdah-hamAst, and it is of thirty-two subdivisions; its explanation is in remembrance of the upper world, and about the lower world. 7. The name of the sixth is NAdar, and that is of thirty-five compilations; its explanation is about the interpretation of the world of the stars, the planets and constellations, and understanding the arrangement of the sky.
37. The name of the sixth is NAdar, and that is of thirty-five compilations; its explanation is about the interpretation of the world of the stars, the planets and constellations, and understanding the arrangement of the sky. 8. The seventh is the Pagam; this Nask is of twenty-two subdivisions, and its explanation is with regard to lawful and unlawful animals, whenever they slaughter ¢hem for the sake of solemnizing a season-festival; and, again, whatever is manifold reward and good work; also about the reason of the five days of the guardian spirits, which they call the select, and wherefore they are appointed. 9. The name of the eighth is RatustAyt, and it is of fifty subdivisions, of which, after the time of Alexander, they preserved and found no more ¢han thirteen subdivisions; its explanation is about maintaining devotion, and of obedience to kings, highpriests, and governors. 430 OTHER DETAILS OF NASKS. 10. The name of the ninth is Baris, and this Nask was of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after the time of Alexander they found no more ¢han twelve subdivisions; its explanation is of those who are kings and high-priests, leaders and princes, judges and messengers, what is the nature of the authority of peasants and princes, and what kind of towns they possess. 11. The name of the tenth is Kassr6éb, and this Nask has been of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after che time of Alexander they found again no more ¢han fifteen subdivisions; its explanation is about the distinction of natural wisdom and knowledge from acquired knowledge; that which makes mankind pure from defilement, and the usage that maintains the proceedings of mankind. 12. The eleventh is the Nask of VistAsp-sh4h, and it has been of sixty subdivisions, du¢ after the time of Alexander they found again no more than ten subdivisions, and ¢heiy statements are with regard to king Gust4sp making the religion current. 13. The name of the twelfth is‘/7ast, and it is of twenty-two subdivisions; its explanation is about enquiry of wisdom, maintaining devotion in the world, avd the punishment for every sin such as they supply z¢. 14. The name of the thirteenth is Sfend, and it is of sixty subdivisions; its explanation is of that which they demonstrate as miracles from this Nask, that every requirement comes to pass which every high-priest—wAo shall recite this Nask for several days with sevenfold voice, according to that which has been written—shall solicit for the world. 15. The name of the fourteenth is Girast, and PERSIAN RIVAYATS. 431 this is of twenty-two subdivisions, its explanation is about the creation of the people of mankind in the day of the Eternal, until the last day of the resurrection occurs; their becoming manifest in the mother’s womb, aza@ why some die in the womb and some are born, some are kings and some are peasants.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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