Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
14. The outpouring (sartntdand) of Argdsp the Khyén, by the demon of wrath, for war with Vistasp yats. Vistasp-sast6 means ‘the instruction of Vistasp,’ and is corrupted into Vistsp-sh&h, Vistésp4d, or Vistasp, in the RivAyats, which also state that it contained originally sixty kardah, or gQrat, of which only ten, or eight, were recovered after the time of Alexander. The last number refers, no doubt, to the eight fargards still extant under the corrupt name Vistasp Yast, which probably consist of fragments of the Avesta text of this Nask; but in comparing that text with this description it must be remembered that the author is describing the contents of the Pahlavi version which would contain much commentary. 1 The king of Irén in the time of Zarat(st, who accepted the Masda-worshipping religion; the last king of the old history derived from the Avesta (see Chap. XIII, 15, 16). * Compare Vist4sp Yt. 40. ® The ‘deadly Hvyaona Aregad-aspa’ of Yt. IX, 30, XVII, 50, whom Kavi Vistaspa prayed to be delivered from. According to the Y4dk&r-i Zariran, Argasp, king of the Khyéns, made war upon CHAPTER XI, 2—XIII, I. 25 and disturbance of Zaratdst; the arrangements and movements of king Vist4sp for that war, axa whatever is on the same subject. 5. Excellence that zs perfect is righteousness. Cuapter XII. 1. The Avesta and commentary of the Vastag' Aave not reached us through any high-priest. 2. Excellence ¢hat is perfect zs righteousness. CuapTer XIII. 1. The Kitrad4d? contains particulars about the race of mankind; how the formation of the first Vistasp on account of the latter’s conversion to Mazda-worship, and was defeated with great difficulty in a most desperate battle which is also described in the Shahnfmah. Whether the Khyéns were the Chionitae of later times is uncertain. * Corresponding to the eleventh word, mananghé, in the Ahunavair, according to B. P. Riv.; but it is the twelfth Nask in other Rivdyats. The name of this Nask is very uncertain ; in five occurrences of the word the first letter is omitted once and may once be the conjunction ‘and,’ and the last syllable is also omitted once; the B.P. Riv. calls it D&d, by omitting the first and last letters and varying the reading of the rest, and the other Rivayats call it ‘Z/ast or ‘Hast. They also state that it contained twentytwo kardah, or fargards, in six divisions treating of various religious and worldly duties, as detailed in the translations in the latter part of this volume. * Corresponding to the twelfth word, shyaothanan4m, in the Ahunavair, according to B. P. Riv.; but it is the fourteenth Nask in other Rivayats. itrad&d means ‘the races produced,’ a name of the same form as Démdéd, but it is read Aidrast, Kirast, or Girast in the Rivfyats, which also state that it contained twentytwo kardah, or subdivisions, 26 DINKARD, BOOK VIII.
2P. Riv.; but it is the fourteenth Nask in other Rivayats. itrad&d means ‘the races produced,’ a name of the same form as Démdéd, but it is read Aidrast, Kirast, or Girast in the Rivfyats, which also state that it contained twentytwo kardah, or subdivisions, 26 DINKARD, BOOK VIII. man, Gayémard', by Afhaymazd was for the manifestation of the bodily form (kerpih); and zz what manner the first couple, Mashya and Mashyédt 2, arose. 2. About their progeny and lineage during the entire progress of mankind in the central region of Khvaniras’, and the distribution from them into the six‘ regions which are around Khvaniras. 3. The various races, which are specially enumerated, were ordered to disperse by the attracting ov banishing command of the creator, to each separate race, as to the place where it went to; and whose life and soul (nisman) are appointed from yonder world. 4. Also the original description of their descent into the various regions, of those, too, who are on the frontiers of Khvantras, and those who also made their habitation in the intermediate places; and the customs of each one of the species of mankind which was produced among the original races. 5. The original establishment of law azd custom ; that of village superintendence (dihankAnth)‘, for the cultivation azd nourishment of the world, dased upon the traditional early law (vdsaritd pésd4d6) ; and that of monarchy, for the protection and govern- ' The original human being who was created as the source whence mankind were to spring, in the same way as ‘the solecreated ox’ was to be the origin of all other animals (see Bd. III, 14, 17, 19-23, IV, 1, XV, 1, 31). 2 Literally ‘man and woman,’ here written masyé va-masy46f. The mode of their origin from G4yémard and the development of man upon the earth are detailed in Bd. XV. ® See Chap. VIII, 2. * The MS. has ‘seven’ by mistake. * A more probable reading than gehfnak4nfh in the sense of ‘colonization.’ CHAPTER XIII, 2—8. 27 ment of the creatures, upon Hésh4ng the Pésdaaian '. 6. A report of the lineage of Héshang, who was the first, and T4khmé-rup6? who was the second ruler of the seven regions ; and an enumeration of reports of lineage from the original creation even unto ¥Yim*. 7. A report of the lineage of Yim, the third ruler of the seven regions; information as to his period, and the progress (sa#isn6d) of time from the original creation till the end of the reign of Yim. 8. A report of the ill-informed evil ruler of the seven regions, Dahak‘ ; his lineage back to Téz°, the brother of Héshang and father of the Téziks (A,vaés) ; information as éo him and his period, the progress of time from the end of the good reign of Yim till the end of the evil reign of Dah&4k, and the lineage from Yim as far as Fréddn®.
3* This ‘Héshang of the early law,’ Av. Haoshyanghé paradhaté, is considered to have been the great-grandson of Mashya and first monarch of the world, being the founder of the Pésd4dian dynasty (see Bd. XV, 28, XXXI, 1, XXXIV, 3, 4). * Here written Taékhmé-rfp6, Av. Takhm6-urupa; the greatgrandson and successor of Hésh4ng (see Bd. XXXI, 2, 3, XXXIV, 4). 5 Av. Yim6é khshaét6, the Gamshéd of the Shéhn4mah; the brother and successor of Takhmé-rup6 (see Bd. XXXI, 3-5, XXXIV, 4). * Also called Az-f Dahak, Av. azis dah4k6, ‘ destructive serpent,’ a name applied to a foreign dynasty, considered as a single king who conquered Yim and succeeded him, being traditionally his third cousin once removed (see Bd. XXXI, 5, 6, XXXIV, 5). Further details are given in Bk. IX, Chap. XXI, 1-13. Dahak was the last ruler of all the seven regions, excepting K4t-Us. 5 See Bd. XV, 26-28. ® Av. Thraétaon6, son of Athwy6, and, traditionally, the ninth in descent from Yim (see Bd. XXXI, 7, 8); nine generations being assumed necessary to allow for the thousand years’ reign of the Dah&k dynasty which he put an end to. His rule was confined to the central region of Khvanfras. 28 DINKARD, BOOK VIII. 9. A report of Frédfn, the ruler of Khvantras ; as to the smiting of Dah&k, the conquering of the country of Mazendaran!, and the allotment of Khvaniras among his three sons, Salm, Tag, and Atrié?; their union with the daughters of Pat-sr6éb65, king of the Arabs and descendant of Téz, and the lineage and report of them, each separately. Io. The reign of MAndséihar of Iran, descendant (n@p6) of Atri. 11. The expiating* monarch Frasiyév of Taran, and Afdz6bé* the TdQm4spian, monarch of Iran. 12. The descendant of MAndséthar, Kavi-Kavad, who was progenitor of the Kaydns and ruler of Iran; and the expiating ruler Keressp*. 13. Kat- Us, grandson” of Kavad, ruler and maintainer of royalty (kat-d4nd) in the seven regions. 14. Kai- Khdsréi who was son of StyAvakhsh® ad ruler of 1 The land on the southern coast of the Caspian belonging to the M4zainya daéva (demons, or idolators) of the Avesta. * The last of whom was slain by his brothers, and was avenged by his descendant Manfiséthar (see Bd. XXXI, 9-12). ® Possibly the celebrated individual of that name who is mentioned, in Pahl. Vend. XX, 4, as an instance of opulence. The Shéhnamah speaks only of the three daughters of the king of Yaman. * Or ‘plundering ;’ but TOg-hé6ménd here, and Tig4vand in § 12, may perhaps mean ‘descended from Tfig,’ as Frastydév was the sixth in descent from Tig (see Bd. XXXI, 14). 5 Said to have been a great-grandson of M4nfissthar (see Bd. XXXI, 23). * Probably the hero who was sixth in descent from Tfg, and third cousin of Frastydv (see Bk. IX, Chap. XV; Bd. XXXI, 14, 26, 27); though placed by Firdaust as a king Garsh4sp preceding Kai-Qubéd. 7 As appears from Bd. XXXI, 25. * The son of K4t-Us, who did not become king. CHAPTER XIII, 9-18. 29
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
14. The outpouring (sartntdand) of Argdsp the Khyén, by the demon of wrath, for war with Vistasp yats. Vistasp-sast6 means ‘the instruction of Vistasp,’ and is corrupted into Vistsp-sh&h, Vistésp4d, or Vistasp, in the RivAyats, which also state that it contained originally sixty kardah, or gQrat, of which only ten, or eight, were recovered after the time of Alexander. The last number refers, no doubt, to the eight fargards still extant under the corrupt name Vistasp Yast, which probably consist of fragments of the Avesta text of this Nask; but in comparing that text with this description it must be remembered that the author is describing the contents of the Pahlavi version which would contain much commentary. 1 The king of Irén in the time of Zarat(st, who accepted the Masda-worshipping religion; the last king of the old history derived from the Avesta (see Chap. XIII, 15, 16). * Compare Vist4sp Yt. 40. ® The ‘deadly Hvyaona Aregad-aspa’ of Yt. IX, 30, XVII, 50, whom Kavi Vistaspa prayed to be delivered from. According to the Y4dk&r-i Zariran, Argasp, king of the Khyéns, made war upon CHAPTER XI, 2—XIII, I. 25 and disturbance of Zaratdst; the arrangements and movements of king Vist4sp for that war, axa whatever is on the same subject. 5. Excellence that zs perfect is righteousness. Cuapter XII. 1. The Avesta and commentary of the Vastag' Aave not reached us through any high-priest. 2. Excellence ¢hat is perfect zs righteousness. CuapTer XIII. 1. The Kitrad4d? contains particulars about the race of mankind; how the formation of the first Vistasp on account of the latter’s conversion to Mazda-worship, and was defeated with great difficulty in a most desperate battle which is also described in the Shahnfmah. Whether the Khyéns were the Chionitae of later times is uncertain. * Corresponding to the eleventh word, mananghé, in the Ahunavair, according to B. P. Riv.; but it is the twelfth Nask in other Rivdyats. The name of this Nask is very uncertain ; in five occurrences of the word the first letter is omitted once and may once be the conjunction ‘and,’ and the last syllable is also omitted once; the B.P. Riv. calls it D&d, by omitting the first and last letters and varying the reading of the rest, and the other Rivayats call it ‘Z/ast or ‘Hast. They also state that it contained twentytwo kardah, or fargards, in six divisions treating of various religious and worldly duties, as detailed in the translations in the latter part of this volume. * Corresponding to the twelfth word, shyaothanan4m, in the Ahunavair, according to B. P. Riv.; but it is the fourteenth Nask in other Rivayats. itrad&d means ‘the races produced,’ a name of the same form as Démdéd, but it is read Aidrast, Kirast, or Girast in the Rivfyats, which also state that it contained twentytwo kardah, or subdivisions, 26 DINKARD, BOOK VIII.
2P. Riv.; but it is the fourteenth Nask in other Rivayats. itrad&d means ‘the races produced,’ a name of the same form as Démdéd, but it is read Aidrast, Kirast, or Girast in the Rivfyats, which also state that it contained twentytwo kardah, or subdivisions, 26 DINKARD, BOOK VIII. man, Gayémard', by Afhaymazd was for the manifestation of the bodily form (kerpih); and zz what manner the first couple, Mashya and Mashyédt 2, arose. 2. About their progeny and lineage during the entire progress of mankind in the central region of Khvaniras’, and the distribution from them into the six‘ regions which are around Khvaniras. 3. The various races, which are specially enumerated, were ordered to disperse by the attracting ov banishing command of the creator, to each separate race, as to the place where it went to; and whose life and soul (nisman) are appointed from yonder world. 4. Also the original description of their descent into the various regions, of those, too, who are on the frontiers of Khvantras, and those who also made their habitation in the intermediate places; and the customs of each one of the species of mankind which was produced among the original races. 5. The original establishment of law azd custom ; that of village superintendence (dihankAnth)‘, for the cultivation azd nourishment of the world, dased upon the traditional early law (vdsaritd pésd4d6) ; and that of monarchy, for the protection and govern- ' The original human being who was created as the source whence mankind were to spring, in the same way as ‘the solecreated ox’ was to be the origin of all other animals (see Bd. III, 14, 17, 19-23, IV, 1, XV, 1, 31). 2 Literally ‘man and woman,’ here written masyé va-masy46f. The mode of their origin from G4yémard and the development of man upon the earth are detailed in Bd. XV. ® See Chap. VIII, 2. * The MS. has ‘seven’ by mistake. * A more probable reading than gehfnak4nfh in the sense of ‘colonization.’ CHAPTER XIII, 2—8. 27 ment of the creatures, upon Hésh4ng the Pésdaaian '. 6. A report of the lineage of Héshang, who was the first, and T4khmé-rup6? who was the second ruler of the seven regions ; and an enumeration of reports of lineage from the original creation even unto ¥Yim*. 7. A report of the lineage of Yim, the third ruler of the seven regions; information as to his period, and the progress (sa#isn6d) of time from the original creation till the end of the reign of Yim. 8. A report of the ill-informed evil ruler of the seven regions, Dahak‘ ; his lineage back to Téz°, the brother of Héshang and father of the Téziks (A,vaés) ; information as éo him and his period, the progress of time from the end of the good reign of Yim till the end of the evil reign of Dah&4k, and the lineage from Yim as far as Fréddn®.
3* This ‘Héshang of the early law,’ Av. Haoshyanghé paradhaté, is considered to have been the great-grandson of Mashya and first monarch of the world, being the founder of the Pésd4dian dynasty (see Bd. XV, 28, XXXI, 1, XXXIV, 3, 4). * Here written Taékhmé-rfp6, Av. Takhm6-urupa; the greatgrandson and successor of Hésh4ng (see Bd. XXXI, 2, 3, XXXIV, 4). 5 Av. Yim6é khshaét6, the Gamshéd of the Shéhn4mah; the brother and successor of Takhmé-rup6 (see Bd. XXXI, 3-5, XXXIV, 4). * Also called Az-f Dahak, Av. azis dah4k6, ‘ destructive serpent,’ a name applied to a foreign dynasty, considered as a single king who conquered Yim and succeeded him, being traditionally his third cousin once removed (see Bd. XXXI, 5, 6, XXXIV, 5). Further details are given in Bk. IX, Chap. XXI, 1-13. Dahak was the last ruler of all the seven regions, excepting K4t-Us. 5 See Bd. XV, 26-28. ® Av. Thraétaon6, son of Athwy6, and, traditionally, the ninth in descent from Yim (see Bd. XXXI, 7, 8); nine generations being assumed necessary to allow for the thousand years’ reign of the Dah&k dynasty which he put an end to. His rule was confined to the central region of Khvanfras. 28 DINKARD, BOOK VIII. 9. A report of Frédfn, the ruler of Khvantras ; as to the smiting of Dah&k, the conquering of the country of Mazendaran!, and the allotment of Khvaniras among his three sons, Salm, Tag, and Atrié?; their union with the daughters of Pat-sr6éb65, king of the Arabs and descendant of Téz, and the lineage and report of them, each separately. Io. The reign of MAndséihar of Iran, descendant (n@p6) of Atri. 11. The expiating* monarch Frasiyév of Taran, and Afdz6bé* the TdQm4spian, monarch of Iran. 12. The descendant of MAndséthar, Kavi-Kavad, who was progenitor of the Kaydns and ruler of Iran; and the expiating ruler Keressp*. 13. Kat- Us, grandson” of Kavad, ruler and maintainer of royalty (kat-d4nd) in the seven regions. 14. Kai- Khdsréi who was son of StyAvakhsh® ad ruler of 1 The land on the southern coast of the Caspian belonging to the M4zainya daéva (demons, or idolators) of the Avesta. * The last of whom was slain by his brothers, and was avenged by his descendant Manfiséthar (see Bd. XXXI, 9-12). ® Possibly the celebrated individual of that name who is mentioned, in Pahl. Vend. XX, 4, as an instance of opulence. The Shéhnamah speaks only of the three daughters of the king of Yaman. * Or ‘plundering ;’ but TOg-hé6ménd here, and Tig4vand in § 12, may perhaps mean ‘descended from Tfig,’ as Frastydév was the sixth in descent from Tig (see Bd. XXXI, 14). 5 Said to have been a great-grandson of M4nfissthar (see Bd. XXXI, 23). * Probably the hero who was sixth in descent from Tfg, and third cousin of Frastydv (see Bk. IX, Chap. XV; Bd. XXXI, 14, 26, 27); though placed by Firdaust as a king Garsh4sp preceding Kai-Qubéd. 7 As appears from Bd. XXXI, 25. * The son of K4t-Us, who did not become king. CHAPTER XIII, 9-18. 29
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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