Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1action. CHAPTER II, 88-95. 269 death, and when he is unable to go back he is not polluted. 92. When the corpse is so decomposed (p(dak), when 2z¢ is thus necessary to bring it out, that he must cut off various fragments, even after he cuts them off they are to be brought out; and for every fragment his hands and knife are to be washed with bull’s urine (géméz), and with dust and moisture (nambd) ¢key are clean’. 93. And ¢hey are to be torn off? by him, and for every single fragment which he brings out his good work is one Tan4pthar. 94. And when rain is falling the corpse lies in the water ; to take z¢ from the water to deposit z¢ in the rain is not ® allowable. 95. Clothing which is useless ¢, this is that in which they should carry a corpse, and that even when very much oy altogether useless ; of that on which they shall decompose (bar4 vishfipénd), and of that on which the excretions (hikhar) of the dead come, so much space is to be cut away °, and the rest is to be 1 See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64 for §§ 92, 93. 2 Or ‘ twisted off;’ the Huz. neskhfintand must be traced to Chald. "D3 ‘to pluck out, to tear away,’ and seems to have a similar meaning in Pahlavi; its Paz. equivalent vikhtanéd (Av. vig) ought to be compared rather with Pers. kikhtan, ‘to bruise or break,’ than with békhtan or pékhtan, ‘to twist.’ > This negative is omitted in M6 by mistake. “ Compare Pahl. Vend. VII, 32. 5 Or ‘go to pieces;’ that this is the meaning of vishitpénd appears clearly from Pahl. Vend. VII, 123, but a Persian gloss in the modern MS. Mg explains it as ‘deposit fragments from the beak of a bird,’ meaning, of course, fragments of dead matter dropped by a carrion bird. * As useless, being incapable of purification ; such cuttings are to be buried, according to the Avesta of Vend. VII, 32, though the Pahlavi commentary explains that they are to be thrown away. 270 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. thoroughly washed for the six-months’ ferzod'. 96. That which a menstruous woman has in wear (mahmA4nth)? is to be discarded in like fashion. 97. The clothing which is to be washed for the six-months’ period is such as is declared in the Avesta*®, 98. If the clothing be leathern it is to be thoroughly washed three times with bull’s urine (géméz), every time to be made quite dry with dust, and to be thoroughly washed three times with water, and to be laid out three months in a place to be viewed by the sun‘; and then it is proper for an unclean person (armést)* who has not performed 1 Khshvas-m4ig6k is merely a corruption of the Av. khshvas maunghé, ‘six months,’ of Vend. VII, 36, where this form of cleansing is thus described: ‘If (the clothing) be woven, they should wash :/ out six times with bull’s urine, they should scour #4 six times with earth, they should wash :/ out six times with water, they should fumigate :# six months at the window of the house.’ 2 See Pahl. Vend. VII, 32. 5 That is, woven clothing, as declared in Vend. VII, 36 (quoted above in note 1).
2Vend. VII, 32. 5 That is, woven clothing, as declared in Vend. VII, 36 (quoted above in note 1). “ See Vend. VII, 35. 5 A Persian gloss defines armést as ‘a woman who has brought forth a dead child,’ and this is the general opinion ; but that seems to be only a particular example of an unclean person who would be included under the general term armést, for according to Pahl. Vend. IX, 133, 137, 141 a man when only partially purified must remain apart in the place for the armést (Av. airima, compare Sans. il or rf) for a certain time. Néryésang, in his Sanskrit translation of Mkh. (XXXVII, 36, XXXIX, 40, LI, 7), explains armést as ‘lame, crippled, immobility ;’ it also means ‘stagnant,’ when applied to water; and its primitive signification was, probably, ‘most stationary,’ an appropriate term for such unclean persons as are required to remain in a particular place apart from all others, as well as for helpless cripples, and insane persons under restraint (see Chap. VI, 1). The meaning ‘most polluted’ would hardly apply to tank water. CHAPTER II, 96-104. 271 worship, or it is proper for a menstruous woman. 99. Other clothing, when hair is on z¢}, is Zaé/e just like woven cloth (tadak); all the washing of wool, floss silk, silk, hair, and camel’s hair is just like chat of woven cloth; and woven clothing is to be washed six times”. 100. Wool which is connected together, when one part is twisted over another, and a corpse rests *® upon it, is all polluted on account of the connection ; and when fleece (mésh) rests upon fleece, then so much space as the corpse rests upon is polluted. tor. When one shall die upon a rich carpet (bap) when the carpet is on a coarse rug (namad) and is made connected, the rug and carpet are both polluted, and when separated the rug is clean. 102. When several cushions are heaped (niftd) one upon the other, and are not made connected, and dead matter comes upon them, they have been unanimous that only that one is polluted on which the dead matter came. 103. A cushion éogether with wool‘ is 4aéé just like a carpet with a rug’. 104. Of several cushions which are tied down together, when dead matter comes to the tie, both are polluted, the cord azd the cushions; and when the dead matter comes to a cushion, and does not come to the tie, the cushions are all polluted on account of the connection, and the tie is clean °, 1 Pahl. Vend. VII, 35 says ‘ when a single hair is on it.’ ? As mentioned in a note on § g5. ® Literally, ‘impinges.’ Here, as in many other places, ‘ dead matter’ may be read instead of ‘corpse,’ as nas&i means both or either of them. ‘ That is, laid upon wool. 5 See § ror. * See Pahl. Vend. VII, 27. 272 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST.
3As mentioned in a note on § g5. ® Literally, ‘impinges.’ Here, as in many other places, ‘ dead matter’ may be read instead of ‘corpse,’ as nas&i means both or either of them. ‘ That is, laid upon wool. 5 See § ror. * See Pahl. Vend. VII, 27. 272 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. 105. A pregnant woman who devours dead matter through sinfulness is polluted and worthy of death, and there is no washing for her’; and as for the child, when it 4as become acquainted with duties (ptsak-shin4s), ashes? and bull’s urine are for its eating and for its washing. 106. 4s for a child who is born of solitary carriers of the dead *, although its father and mother may both have devoured dead matter through sinfulness, that which is born is clean on the spot, for it does not become polluted éy birth. 107. Réshan * said that every one, who, through sinfulness, has become polluted by means of dead matter, is worthy of death, and his polluted body never becomes clean; for this ome is more wretched than the fox which ove throws into the water living, and in the water it will die. 108. Oxe worthy of death never becomes clean; avd a solitary carrier of the dead is to be kept at thirty steps from ceremonial ablution (padty4zth). 109. Whichsoever of the animal species has eaten their dead matter’, its milk, dung, hair, azd wool are polluted the length of a year; and zf pregnant when it has eaten z¢, the young one has also eaten z¢, and the young one is clean after the length of a year from being born of the mother. 110. When a male which has eaten 7¢ mounts a female, the female is not polluted. 111. When dead matter is eaten by it, 1 That is, she cannot be purified. * Reading var (see note on § 49). * Carrying a corpse by a single person being prohibited (see §§ 7, 8); but why he is supposed to devour it is not clear, * See Chap. I, 4, note. ® Compare Pahl. Vend. VII, 192. CHAPTER II, 105-116. 273 and even while it is not digested it shall die, it is 4iable just like a leathern bag (anb4n) in which is dead matter. 112. Gold, when dead matter comes upon it, is to be once thoroughly washed with bull’s urine (g6méz), to be once made quite dry with dust, and to be once thoroughly washed with water, and z¢ zs clean’. 113. Silver is to be twice thoroughly washed with bull's urine, and to be made quite dry with dust, and is to be twice thoroughly washed with water, and zf zs clean®, 4114. And iron, 22 “ke manner, three times, steel four times, and stone six times®, 115. Afarg said: ‘Should it be quicksilver (Avginak)* it is “adde just like gold, and amber (kahrupat) just like stone, and all jewels just like iron. 116. The pearl (marv4rid)®, amber, the 1 The purification here detailed is prescribed for golden vesscls in Vend. VII, 186.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1action. CHAPTER II, 88-95. 269 death, and when he is unable to go back he is not polluted. 92. When the corpse is so decomposed (p(dak), when 2z¢ is thus necessary to bring it out, that he must cut off various fragments, even after he cuts them off they are to be brought out; and for every fragment his hands and knife are to be washed with bull’s urine (géméz), and with dust and moisture (nambd) ¢key are clean’. 93. And ¢hey are to be torn off? by him, and for every single fragment which he brings out his good work is one Tan4pthar. 94. And when rain is falling the corpse lies in the water ; to take z¢ from the water to deposit z¢ in the rain is not ® allowable. 95. Clothing which is useless ¢, this is that in which they should carry a corpse, and that even when very much oy altogether useless ; of that on which they shall decompose (bar4 vishfipénd), and of that on which the excretions (hikhar) of the dead come, so much space is to be cut away °, and the rest is to be 1 See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64 for §§ 92, 93. 2 Or ‘ twisted off;’ the Huz. neskhfintand must be traced to Chald. "D3 ‘to pluck out, to tear away,’ and seems to have a similar meaning in Pahlavi; its Paz. equivalent vikhtanéd (Av. vig) ought to be compared rather with Pers. kikhtan, ‘to bruise or break,’ than with békhtan or pékhtan, ‘to twist.’ > This negative is omitted in M6 by mistake. “ Compare Pahl. Vend. VII, 32. 5 Or ‘go to pieces;’ that this is the meaning of vishitpénd appears clearly from Pahl. Vend. VII, 123, but a Persian gloss in the modern MS. Mg explains it as ‘deposit fragments from the beak of a bird,’ meaning, of course, fragments of dead matter dropped by a carrion bird. * As useless, being incapable of purification ; such cuttings are to be buried, according to the Avesta of Vend. VII, 32, though the Pahlavi commentary explains that they are to be thrown away. 270 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. thoroughly washed for the six-months’ ferzod'. 96. That which a menstruous woman has in wear (mahmA4nth)? is to be discarded in like fashion. 97. The clothing which is to be washed for the six-months’ period is such as is declared in the Avesta*®, 98. If the clothing be leathern it is to be thoroughly washed three times with bull’s urine (géméz), every time to be made quite dry with dust, and to be thoroughly washed three times with water, and to be laid out three months in a place to be viewed by the sun‘; and then it is proper for an unclean person (armést)* who has not performed 1 Khshvas-m4ig6k is merely a corruption of the Av. khshvas maunghé, ‘six months,’ of Vend. VII, 36, where this form of cleansing is thus described: ‘If (the clothing) be woven, they should wash :/ out six times with bull’s urine, they should scour #4 six times with earth, they should wash :/ out six times with water, they should fumigate :# six months at the window of the house.’ 2 See Pahl. Vend. VII, 32. 5 That is, woven clothing, as declared in Vend. VII, 36 (quoted above in note 1).
2Vend. VII, 32. 5 That is, woven clothing, as declared in Vend. VII, 36 (quoted above in note 1). “ See Vend. VII, 35. 5 A Persian gloss defines armést as ‘a woman who has brought forth a dead child,’ and this is the general opinion ; but that seems to be only a particular example of an unclean person who would be included under the general term armést, for according to Pahl. Vend. IX, 133, 137, 141 a man when only partially purified must remain apart in the place for the armést (Av. airima, compare Sans. il or rf) for a certain time. Néryésang, in his Sanskrit translation of Mkh. (XXXVII, 36, XXXIX, 40, LI, 7), explains armést as ‘lame, crippled, immobility ;’ it also means ‘stagnant,’ when applied to water; and its primitive signification was, probably, ‘most stationary,’ an appropriate term for such unclean persons as are required to remain in a particular place apart from all others, as well as for helpless cripples, and insane persons under restraint (see Chap. VI, 1). The meaning ‘most polluted’ would hardly apply to tank water. CHAPTER II, 96-104. 271 worship, or it is proper for a menstruous woman. 99. Other clothing, when hair is on z¢}, is Zaé/e just like woven cloth (tadak); all the washing of wool, floss silk, silk, hair, and camel’s hair is just like chat of woven cloth; and woven clothing is to be washed six times”. 100. Wool which is connected together, when one part is twisted over another, and a corpse rests *® upon it, is all polluted on account of the connection ; and when fleece (mésh) rests upon fleece, then so much space as the corpse rests upon is polluted. tor. When one shall die upon a rich carpet (bap) when the carpet is on a coarse rug (namad) and is made connected, the rug and carpet are both polluted, and when separated the rug is clean. 102. When several cushions are heaped (niftd) one upon the other, and are not made connected, and dead matter comes upon them, they have been unanimous that only that one is polluted on which the dead matter came. 103. A cushion éogether with wool‘ is 4aéé just like a carpet with a rug’. 104. Of several cushions which are tied down together, when dead matter comes to the tie, both are polluted, the cord azd the cushions; and when the dead matter comes to a cushion, and does not come to the tie, the cushions are all polluted on account of the connection, and the tie is clean °, 1 Pahl. Vend. VII, 35 says ‘ when a single hair is on it.’ ? As mentioned in a note on § g5. ® Literally, ‘impinges.’ Here, as in many other places, ‘ dead matter’ may be read instead of ‘corpse,’ as nas&i means both or either of them. ‘ That is, laid upon wool. 5 See § ror. * See Pahl. Vend. VII, 27. 272 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST.
3As mentioned in a note on § g5. ® Literally, ‘impinges.’ Here, as in many other places, ‘ dead matter’ may be read instead of ‘corpse,’ as nas&i means both or either of them. ‘ That is, laid upon wool. 5 See § ror. * See Pahl. Vend. VII, 27. 272 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. 105. A pregnant woman who devours dead matter through sinfulness is polluted and worthy of death, and there is no washing for her’; and as for the child, when it 4as become acquainted with duties (ptsak-shin4s), ashes? and bull’s urine are for its eating and for its washing. 106. 4s for a child who is born of solitary carriers of the dead *, although its father and mother may both have devoured dead matter through sinfulness, that which is born is clean on the spot, for it does not become polluted éy birth. 107. Réshan * said that every one, who, through sinfulness, has become polluted by means of dead matter, is worthy of death, and his polluted body never becomes clean; for this ome is more wretched than the fox which ove throws into the water living, and in the water it will die. 108. Oxe worthy of death never becomes clean; avd a solitary carrier of the dead is to be kept at thirty steps from ceremonial ablution (padty4zth). 109. Whichsoever of the animal species has eaten their dead matter’, its milk, dung, hair, azd wool are polluted the length of a year; and zf pregnant when it has eaten z¢, the young one has also eaten z¢, and the young one is clean after the length of a year from being born of the mother. 110. When a male which has eaten 7¢ mounts a female, the female is not polluted. 111. When dead matter is eaten by it, 1 That is, she cannot be purified. * Reading var (see note on § 49). * Carrying a corpse by a single person being prohibited (see §§ 7, 8); but why he is supposed to devour it is not clear, * See Chap. I, 4, note. ® Compare Pahl. Vend. VII, 192. CHAPTER II, 105-116. 273 and even while it is not digested it shall die, it is 4iable just like a leathern bag (anb4n) in which is dead matter. 112. Gold, when dead matter comes upon it, is to be once thoroughly washed with bull’s urine (g6méz), to be once made quite dry with dust, and to be once thoroughly washed with water, and z¢ zs clean’. 113. Silver is to be twice thoroughly washed with bull's urine, and to be made quite dry with dust, and is to be twice thoroughly washed with water, and zf zs clean®, 4114. And iron, 22 “ke manner, three times, steel four times, and stone six times®, 115. Afarg said: ‘Should it be quicksilver (Avginak)* it is “adde just like gold, and amber (kahrupat) just like stone, and all jewels just like iron. 116. The pearl (marv4rid)®, amber, the 1 The purification here detailed is prescribed for golden vesscls in Vend. VII, 186.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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