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1mountains, which are amid the circuit of the earth, come up 2244 in number*®, 2. And by them the earth was bound together and arranged, and on them was the sprouting avd growth of plants, wherefrom was the nourishment of cattle, and therefrom was the great advantage of assistance to men. 3. Even so it is declared that before the coming ‘of the destroyer to the creatures, for a thousand years the substance of mountains was created in the earth—especially as antagonism came on the earth, ‘and settled on z¢ with injury—and it came up over the earth just like a tree whose branch has grown at the top, and its root at the bottom. 4. The root of the mountains is passed on from one to the other, and is arranged in connection weth them, and through it is produced the path and passage of water from below to above, so that the water may flow in it in such manner as blood in the veins, from all parts of the body to the heart, the latent vigour which they possess. 5. And, moreover, in six hundred years‘, at first, all the mountains apart from Albdrz were completed. 6. Albfrz was growing during eight hundred years*; in two hundred years it grew up to » Bund. VIII, 1-4 is paraphrased in §§ 1-4. * The MS. has 4v4n6, ‘waters,’ instead of avArfk, ‘other,’ which alters the meaning into, ‘which is the boundary of the waters of the earth, and the mountains,’ &c. 5 Bund. XII, 2. * Bund. VIII, 5, and XII, 1, have ‘eighteen years.’ As both numbers are written in ciphers it would be easy for either to be corrupted into the other. 5 Bund. XII, 1. SELECTIONS OF ZAD-SPARAM, VII, 2—I2. 175 the star station, in two hundred years up to the moon station, two hundred years up to the sun Station, azd two hundred years up to the sky. 7. After Albdrz the Aparsén mountain! is the greatest, as it is also called the Avar-réyisn? (‘up-growth’) mountain, whose beginning is in Sagastan and its end unto P&rs and to Kinistan*. 8. This, too, is declared, that after the great rain in the beginning of the creation‘, ad the wind’s sweeping away the water to the ocean, the earth is in seven portions® a little above z¢, as the compact earth, after the rain, is torn up by the noise and wind 7 various places. 9. One portion, moreover, as much as one-half the whole earth, is in the middle, and in each of the six portions around is as much as Sagastaén; moreover, as much as Sagastdn is the measure of what is called a késhvar (‘region’) for the reason that one was defined from the other by a késh (‘furrow’). 10. The middle ove is Khvantiras, of which P4rs is the centre, and those six regions are like a coronet (avitsar) avound zt. 11. One part of the wide-formed ocean wound around it, among those six regions; the sea and forest seized upon the south side, ad a lofty mountain grew up on the north, so that they might become separate, one from the other, azd imperceptible. 12. This is the third contest, about the earth. ? The Ap4rsén of Bund. XII, 9.
212. This is the third contest, about the earth. ? The Ap4rsén of Bund. XII, 9. * Written Ap@-réyisn, as if it were an Arabic hybrid meaning ‘father of growth.’ ; > Bund. XII, 9. XXIV, 28, have Khfgtstfn instead of Xinfstén ; the latter appears to be an old name of the territory of Samarkand (see note to Bund. XII, 13). ‘ Literally, ‘creature.’ 5 Bund. XI, 2-4 is paraphrased in §§ 8-11. 176 APPENDIX TO THE BUNDAHIS. Cwraprer VIII. 1. As he (Aharman) came fourthly to the plants— which have struggled (kikhsht-ait5) against him with the whole vegetation—because the vegetation was quite dry !, Amerédad, by whom the essence of the world’s vegetation * was seized upon, pounded it up small, and mixed z¢ up with the rain-water of Tistar. 2. After the rain the whole earth is discerned sprouting, and ten thousand ® special species and a hundred thousand‘ additional species (levatman sardak6) so grew as if there were a species of every kind; and those ten thousand species are provided for > keeping away the ten thousand 3 diseases. 3. Afterwards, the seed was taken up from those hundred thousand species of plants, azd from the collection of seed the tree of all germs, amid the wide-formed ocean, was produced, from which all species of plants continually grow. 4. And the griffon bird (séné mdrdvd) has his resting-place upon it; when he wanders forth from within it, he scatters the dry seed into the water, avd it is rained back to the earth with the rain. 5. And in its vicinity the tree was produced which 2s the white Hém, the counteractor of decrepitude, 1 This chapter is a paraphrase of Bund. IX. * Or, perhaps, ‘the worldly characteristics of vegetation.’ Ix Written like ‘one thousand,’ but see the context and Bund. » 4 ‘In Bund. IX, 4, the MSS. have ‘120,000,’ which is probably wrong, as Bund. XXVII, 2, agrees with the text above. 5 The MS. has bar4 instead of pavan, a blunder due probably to some copyist reading the Huzvaris in Persian, in which language bih (= bara) and bah (= pavan) are written alike. In Pézand they are usually written be and pa, respectively. SELECTIONS OF ZAD-SPARAM, VIII, I-IX, 2. 177 the reviver of the dead, avd the immortalizer of the living. 6. This was the fourth contest, about the plants. CuapTer IX. 1. As he (Aharman) came fifthly to cattle—which struggled against him with all the animals—and likewise as the primeval ox! passed away, from the nature of the vegetable principle it possessed, fiftyfive* species of grain and twelve species of medicinal plants grew from z¢s various members; and forasmuch as they should see from which member each one froceeds, it is declared in the Damdéd Nask*, 2, And every plant grown from a member 1 See Chaps. II, 6, III, 1, and Bund. IV, 1, X, 1, XIV, 1. 2 The MS. has ‘fifty-seven’ in ciphers, but Bund. X, 1, XIV, 1, XXVII, 2, have ‘ fifty-five’ in words.
3II, 6, III, 1, and Bund. IV, 1, X, 1, XIV, 1. 2 The MS. has ‘fifty-seven’ in ciphers, but Bund. X, 1, XIV, 1, XXVII, 2, have ‘ fifty-five’ in words. 5 This was the fourth nask or ‘book’ of the complete Mazdayasnian literature, according to the Dinkard, which gives a very short and superficial account of its contents. But, according to the Dinf-vagarkard and the Rivayats of Kamah Bahrah, Narfman Héshang, and Barzi Qiy4mu-d-din, it was the fifth nask, and was called Dv4zdah-hamAst (or homast). For its contents, as given by the Dini-vagarkard, see Haug’s Essays, p. 127. The Rivayat of K4mah Bahrah, which has a few more words than the other Rivayats, gives the following account (for the Persian text of which, see ‘Fragmens relatifs & la religion de Zoroastre,’ par Olshausen et Jules Mohl) :-— “Of the fifth the name is Dvazdah-homést, and the interpretation of this is “the book about help” (dar imdAd, but this is probably a corruption of ddmd4d). And this book has thirty-two sections (kardah) that the divine and omnipotent creator sent down, in remembrance of the beginning of the creatures of the superior world and inferior world, and #¥# 7s a description of the whole of them and of that which God, the most holy and omnipotent, mentioned about the sky, earth, and water, vegetation and (5) N 178 APPENDIX TO THE BUNDAHIS. promotes that member, as it is said that there where the ox scattered zés marrow! on to the earth, grain afterwards grew up, corn? and sesame, vetches* and peas; So sesame, on account of‘ z¢s marrow quality, is itself a great thing for developing marrow. 3. And it is also said that from the blood is the vine’, a great vegetable thing—as wine itself is blood— for more befriending the sound quality of the blood. 4. And it is said that from the nose is the pulse (m4ys or mAsah) which is called d6énak, and was a variety of sesame (sama g4)®, and zt ts for other noses. fire, man and quadrupeds, grazing and flying a#:mals, and what he produced for their advantage and use, and the like. Secondly, the resurrection and /eavenly path, the gathering and dispersion, and the nature of the circumstances of the resurrection, as regards the virtuous and evil-doers, through the weight of every action they perform for good and evil.’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1mountains, which are amid the circuit of the earth, come up 2244 in number*®, 2. And by them the earth was bound together and arranged, and on them was the sprouting avd growth of plants, wherefrom was the nourishment of cattle, and therefrom was the great advantage of assistance to men. 3. Even so it is declared that before the coming ‘of the destroyer to the creatures, for a thousand years the substance of mountains was created in the earth—especially as antagonism came on the earth, ‘and settled on z¢ with injury—and it came up over the earth just like a tree whose branch has grown at the top, and its root at the bottom. 4. The root of the mountains is passed on from one to the other, and is arranged in connection weth them, and through it is produced the path and passage of water from below to above, so that the water may flow in it in such manner as blood in the veins, from all parts of the body to the heart, the latent vigour which they possess. 5. And, moreover, in six hundred years‘, at first, all the mountains apart from Albdrz were completed. 6. Albfrz was growing during eight hundred years*; in two hundred years it grew up to » Bund. VIII, 1-4 is paraphrased in §§ 1-4. * The MS. has 4v4n6, ‘waters,’ instead of avArfk, ‘other,’ which alters the meaning into, ‘which is the boundary of the waters of the earth, and the mountains,’ &c. 5 Bund. XII, 2. * Bund. VIII, 5, and XII, 1, have ‘eighteen years.’ As both numbers are written in ciphers it would be easy for either to be corrupted into the other. 5 Bund. XII, 1. SELECTIONS OF ZAD-SPARAM, VII, 2—I2. 175 the star station, in two hundred years up to the moon station, two hundred years up to the sun Station, azd two hundred years up to the sky. 7. After Albdrz the Aparsén mountain! is the greatest, as it is also called the Avar-réyisn? (‘up-growth’) mountain, whose beginning is in Sagastan and its end unto P&rs and to Kinistan*. 8. This, too, is declared, that after the great rain in the beginning of the creation‘, ad the wind’s sweeping away the water to the ocean, the earth is in seven portions® a little above z¢, as the compact earth, after the rain, is torn up by the noise and wind 7 various places. 9. One portion, moreover, as much as one-half the whole earth, is in the middle, and in each of the six portions around is as much as Sagastaén; moreover, as much as Sagastdn is the measure of what is called a késhvar (‘region’) for the reason that one was defined from the other by a késh (‘furrow’). 10. The middle ove is Khvantiras, of which P4rs is the centre, and those six regions are like a coronet (avitsar) avound zt. 11. One part of the wide-formed ocean wound around it, among those six regions; the sea and forest seized upon the south side, ad a lofty mountain grew up on the north, so that they might become separate, one from the other, azd imperceptible. 12. This is the third contest, about the earth. ? The Ap4rsén of Bund. XII, 9.
212. This is the third contest, about the earth. ? The Ap4rsén of Bund. XII, 9. * Written Ap@-réyisn, as if it were an Arabic hybrid meaning ‘father of growth.’ ; > Bund. XII, 9. XXIV, 28, have Khfgtstfn instead of Xinfstén ; the latter appears to be an old name of the territory of Samarkand (see note to Bund. XII, 13). ‘ Literally, ‘creature.’ 5 Bund. XI, 2-4 is paraphrased in §§ 8-11. 176 APPENDIX TO THE BUNDAHIS. Cwraprer VIII. 1. As he (Aharman) came fourthly to the plants— which have struggled (kikhsht-ait5) against him with the whole vegetation—because the vegetation was quite dry !, Amerédad, by whom the essence of the world’s vegetation * was seized upon, pounded it up small, and mixed z¢ up with the rain-water of Tistar. 2. After the rain the whole earth is discerned sprouting, and ten thousand ® special species and a hundred thousand‘ additional species (levatman sardak6) so grew as if there were a species of every kind; and those ten thousand species are provided for > keeping away the ten thousand 3 diseases. 3. Afterwards, the seed was taken up from those hundred thousand species of plants, azd from the collection of seed the tree of all germs, amid the wide-formed ocean, was produced, from which all species of plants continually grow. 4. And the griffon bird (séné mdrdvd) has his resting-place upon it; when he wanders forth from within it, he scatters the dry seed into the water, avd it is rained back to the earth with the rain. 5. And in its vicinity the tree was produced which 2s the white Hém, the counteractor of decrepitude, 1 This chapter is a paraphrase of Bund. IX. * Or, perhaps, ‘the worldly characteristics of vegetation.’ Ix Written like ‘one thousand,’ but see the context and Bund. » 4 ‘In Bund. IX, 4, the MSS. have ‘120,000,’ which is probably wrong, as Bund. XXVII, 2, agrees with the text above. 5 The MS. has bar4 instead of pavan, a blunder due probably to some copyist reading the Huzvaris in Persian, in which language bih (= bara) and bah (= pavan) are written alike. In Pézand they are usually written be and pa, respectively. SELECTIONS OF ZAD-SPARAM, VIII, I-IX, 2. 177 the reviver of the dead, avd the immortalizer of the living. 6. This was the fourth contest, about the plants. CuapTer IX. 1. As he (Aharman) came fifthly to cattle—which struggled against him with all the animals—and likewise as the primeval ox! passed away, from the nature of the vegetable principle it possessed, fiftyfive* species of grain and twelve species of medicinal plants grew from z¢s various members; and forasmuch as they should see from which member each one froceeds, it is declared in the Damdéd Nask*, 2, And every plant grown from a member 1 See Chaps. II, 6, III, 1, and Bund. IV, 1, X, 1, XIV, 1. 2 The MS. has ‘fifty-seven’ in ciphers, but Bund. X, 1, XIV, 1, XXVII, 2, have ‘ fifty-five’ in words.
3II, 6, III, 1, and Bund. IV, 1, X, 1, XIV, 1. 2 The MS. has ‘fifty-seven’ in ciphers, but Bund. X, 1, XIV, 1, XXVII, 2, have ‘ fifty-five’ in words. 5 This was the fourth nask or ‘book’ of the complete Mazdayasnian literature, according to the Dinkard, which gives a very short and superficial account of its contents. But, according to the Dinf-vagarkard and the Rivayats of Kamah Bahrah, Narfman Héshang, and Barzi Qiy4mu-d-din, it was the fifth nask, and was called Dv4zdah-hamAst (or homast). For its contents, as given by the Dini-vagarkard, see Haug’s Essays, p. 127. The Rivayat of K4mah Bahrah, which has a few more words than the other Rivayats, gives the following account (for the Persian text of which, see ‘Fragmens relatifs & la religion de Zoroastre,’ par Olshausen et Jules Mohl) :-— “Of the fifth the name is Dvazdah-homést, and the interpretation of this is “the book about help” (dar imdAd, but this is probably a corruption of ddmd4d). And this book has thirty-two sections (kardah) that the divine and omnipotent creator sent down, in remembrance of the beginning of the creatures of the superior world and inferior world, and #¥# 7s a description of the whole of them and of that which God, the most holy and omnipotent, mentioned about the sky, earth, and water, vegetation and (5) N 178 APPENDIX TO THE BUNDAHIS. promotes that member, as it is said that there where the ox scattered zés marrow! on to the earth, grain afterwards grew up, corn? and sesame, vetches* and peas; So sesame, on account of‘ z¢s marrow quality, is itself a great thing for developing marrow. 3. And it is also said that from the blood is the vine’, a great vegetable thing—as wine itself is blood— for more befriending the sound quality of the blood. 4. And it is said that from the nose is the pulse (m4ys or mAsah) which is called d6énak, and was a variety of sesame (sama g4)®, and zt ts for other noses. fire, man and quadrupeds, grazing and flying a#:mals, and what he produced for their advantage and use, and the like. Secondly, the resurrection and /eavenly path, the gathering and dispersion, and the nature of the circumstances of the resurrection, as regards the virtuous and evil-doers, through the weight of every action they perform for good and evil.’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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