Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1* This statement of Afarg’s, so far as it relates to greasy firewood, will be found in Pahl. Vend. V, 14. 5 Or, ‘bythe community.’ The same rule is mentioned in Pahl. Vend. V, 14. * There is some uncertainty about this word. It is not the Pers. badtum, ‘ worst, vilest,’ because that is written vadttim or vatfiim in Pahlavi; besides, the rule must apply to other than the vilest doors, otherwise it would not harmonize with § 75. It is not a miswriting of nft(m, ‘lowest, most debased,’ for the same reason, and because it occurs elsewhere. It is not a miswriting of bétman, a possible variant of béta, ‘a house’ (although ‘a house-door’ would suit the context very well), because it occurs also in Pahl. Vend. V, 14, XI, 10, in which latter, place it is clearly an adjective partially translating Av. bendvé. And it would be hazardous to connect it with Pers. bidfin, ‘outside,’ which seems merely a corruption or misreading of birfn. The view taken here is that badtfim stands for bandtfim, ‘most shut up,’ the nasal being often dropped in Pahlavi, as in sag for sang, ‘stone,’ &c. CHAPTER II, 72-78. 265 Gégésasp! said that discarding z¢ by 4z¢s comrades is likewise proper, and Sdshyans said that it is not proper; and as to other doors they have been of the same opinion, that it is not proper. 75. The door of one’s own chief apartment (shah-g4s) is fit for that of the place for menstruation (dast4nist4n), and that of the place for menstruation is fit for that of the depository for the dead (khaz4n6)?, and that of the depository of the dead is not fit for any purpose whatever?; that of the more pleasant is fit for that of the more grievous. 76. Any one who, through sinfulness, throws a corpse into the water, is worthy of death on the spot‘; when he throws only one z¢ zs one st worthy of death, and when he throws ten at one time z¢ zs then oné s¢z worthy of death; when he throws ¢hem separately z¢ zs a stz worthy of death for each one. 77. Of the water, into which one throws dead matter, the extent of pollution is three steps of three feet 2 the water advancing, nine steps of three feet zz the water passed over, and six steps of three feet 2 the water alongside 5; six steps of three feet in the depth of the water, and three steps of three feet in the water pouring over the dead matter are polluted as regards the depth®. 78. When it is thrown zzéo the midst of a great standing water, in like manner, the proportion it comes is ever as much as it goes, and 1 See Chap. I, 3. * The Huz. equivalent of Paz. dakhmak (see § 6). ® See Pahl. Vend. V, 14. * Compare Pahl. Vend. VII, 66. 5 See Vend. VI, 80. * That is, the pollution extends about eight English feet up-stream and upwards, sixteen feet sideways and downwards, and twentyfour feet down-stream. Some of the latter part of the sentence is omitted in K2o by mistake. 266 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. zs the proportion of it they should always carry away with the dead matter’,
2Some of the latter part of the sentence is omitted in K2o by mistake. 266 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. zs the proportion of it they should always carry away with the dead matter’, 79. And when a man comes forth, and a corpse lies in the water, when he is able to bring it out, and it is not an injury to him, it is not allowable to abandon z¢ except when he brings z# out 80. Sdéshyans said that, when it is an injury, it is allowable when ‘ he does not bring zé out; and when it is not an injury, and he does not bring 2¢, his sin is a Tandpdhar*®, 81. Kdshtand-bigéd® said that even in case of injury it is not allowable to abandon 2¢, except when he brings z¢ out; when he does not bring z¢ 4e is worthy of death. 82. And Gégésasp’ said that it is even in case of injury not allowable, except when he brings z# out; and when, in case of injury, he does not bring z¢ out his sin is’'a Tana- _ pahar; and when it is no injury to him, and he does not bring z¢, Ze is worthy of death. 83. And when he shall wish to bring z¢ his clothing is to be laid aside, for it makes the clothing 1 The sentence is obscure, but this seems to be the meaning; that is, when a corpse or any dead matter is thrown into a pond or tank, the pollution extends sixteen feet from it in all directions ; and that quantity of water ought to be drawn off, in order to purify the tank (see Vend. VI, 65-71). As the corpse, in nearly all cases, must be either at the bottom or on the surface, the quantity of polluted water to be drawn off must be a hemispherical mass sixteen feet in radius, or about forty-eight tons of water. * See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64, where it states that bringing it out is a good work of one Tanfpfihar, and leaving it is a sin of the same amount. 3 See Chap. I, 3. * Reading amat, ‘when,’ instead of mQn, ‘which’ (see Bund. I, 7, note). 5 See Chap. I, 1, 2. ® See Chap. I, 4, note. 7 See Chap. I, 3. ® See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64. CHAPTER II, 79-87. 267 polluted, and whatever Ae is first able and best able to bring is to be brought out by him. 84. When, too, he is able to bring z¢ out through the breadth of the water, then also it is to be brought out so!; and when he is not able, it is to be brought out through the length of the water; and showing z¢ ¢o a dog and the two men are not to be waited for °. 85. And it is to be carried by him so much away from the neighbourhood of the water that, when he puts z¢ down, the water which comes out dropping from the corpse does not reach back to the water ; for when the water which comes out from the corpse reaches continuously back to the water 4e is worthy of death; and after that (min zak frAg) it is to be shown ¢o a dog, and it is to be carried away by two men. 86. And when he wishes to throw z¢ out from the water, Mard-bid® said it is allowable to throw z¢ out thus, so that the water of the dripping corpse does not reach continuously back to the water; Réshan said it would be allowable to throw z¢ out far.
386. And when he wishes to throw z¢ out from the water, Mard-bid® said it is allowable to throw z¢ out thus, so that the water of the dripping corpse does not reach continuously back to the water; Réshan said it would be allowable to throw z¢ out far. 87. To drag z¢ over the water is allowable, to grasp and relinquish z¢ is not allowable *; and when it is possible to act so that he may convey z¢ from a great water to a small water, when the water is ' So that less water may be polluted by the corpse taking the shortest route through it; but if that be impossible it must’ come out quickly, at any rate. * That is, the otherwise indispensable dog’s gaze and two bearers must be dispensed with, if not at hand, in order to save time, until the corpse is out of the water (see § 85). 5 It might be, ‘there was a man who said,’ but Mard-bdd occurs in the Nirangistén as the name of a commentator (see Chap. I, 4, note). * See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64 for this prohibition. 268 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. connected z¢ is allowable, and when separated 7¢ is not allowable. 88. Afarg? said it is allowable to drag z¢ below through the water, but to drag #¢ over is not allowable, for this has come om the water as a danger ?, and that has not come on z¢ as a danger. 89. Médék-m4h? said it is allowable to drag 7¢ above, du¢ to drag z¢ below is not allowable, for the danger has gone out across the water, and the danger is not now to be brought upon it; and on that which is below, om which the danger has not come, the danger will at last arrive. go. When he goes into the water he is to go into it with this idea, that ‘should there be many below, then I will even bring all;’ for whoever goes in not with this idea, and shall disturb any other one which lies there, will become polluted*. 91. And if the corpse be heavy avd it is not possible to bring z¢ out by one person, and he goes out with this idea, that ‘I will go and prepare means, and bring this corpse out of the water ;’ and when through sinfulness* he does not go back his body is polluted and worthy of 1 See Chap. I, 3. * Or ‘fear.’ The difference of opinion between the two commentators on this question in casuistry, appears to have arisen from Afarg regarding the water merely as the representative of a spirit, who might be endangered or frightened by the source of impurity becoming more visible when above the water, while Méd6k-m4&h considered the water in its material aspect, and wished to save it from the further pollution consequent upon drawing the corpse through more of it. 3 See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64. * These rules generally distinguish clearly between offences committed ‘through sinfulness,’ that is, wilfully, and those arising from accidental inability ; more stress being laid upon the intention than upon the. action. CHAPTER II, 88-95. 269 death, and when he is unable to go back he is not polluted.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1* This statement of Afarg’s, so far as it relates to greasy firewood, will be found in Pahl. Vend. V, 14. 5 Or, ‘bythe community.’ The same rule is mentioned in Pahl. Vend. V, 14. * There is some uncertainty about this word. It is not the Pers. badtum, ‘ worst, vilest,’ because that is written vadttim or vatfiim in Pahlavi; besides, the rule must apply to other than the vilest doors, otherwise it would not harmonize with § 75. It is not a miswriting of nft(m, ‘lowest, most debased,’ for the same reason, and because it occurs elsewhere. It is not a miswriting of bétman, a possible variant of béta, ‘a house’ (although ‘a house-door’ would suit the context very well), because it occurs also in Pahl. Vend. V, 14, XI, 10, in which latter, place it is clearly an adjective partially translating Av. bendvé. And it would be hazardous to connect it with Pers. bidfin, ‘outside,’ which seems merely a corruption or misreading of birfn. The view taken here is that badtfim stands for bandtfim, ‘most shut up,’ the nasal being often dropped in Pahlavi, as in sag for sang, ‘stone,’ &c. CHAPTER II, 72-78. 265 Gégésasp! said that discarding z¢ by 4z¢s comrades is likewise proper, and Sdshyans said that it is not proper; and as to other doors they have been of the same opinion, that it is not proper. 75. The door of one’s own chief apartment (shah-g4s) is fit for that of the place for menstruation (dast4nist4n), and that of the place for menstruation is fit for that of the depository for the dead (khaz4n6)?, and that of the depository of the dead is not fit for any purpose whatever?; that of the more pleasant is fit for that of the more grievous. 76. Any one who, through sinfulness, throws a corpse into the water, is worthy of death on the spot‘; when he throws only one z¢ zs one st worthy of death, and when he throws ten at one time z¢ zs then oné s¢z worthy of death; when he throws ¢hem separately z¢ zs a stz worthy of death for each one. 77. Of the water, into which one throws dead matter, the extent of pollution is three steps of three feet 2 the water advancing, nine steps of three feet zz the water passed over, and six steps of three feet 2 the water alongside 5; six steps of three feet in the depth of the water, and three steps of three feet in the water pouring over the dead matter are polluted as regards the depth®. 78. When it is thrown zzéo the midst of a great standing water, in like manner, the proportion it comes is ever as much as it goes, and 1 See Chap. I, 3. * The Huz. equivalent of Paz. dakhmak (see § 6). ® See Pahl. Vend. V, 14. * Compare Pahl. Vend. VII, 66. 5 See Vend. VI, 80. * That is, the pollution extends about eight English feet up-stream and upwards, sixteen feet sideways and downwards, and twentyfour feet down-stream. Some of the latter part of the sentence is omitted in K2o by mistake. 266 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. zs the proportion of it they should always carry away with the dead matter’,
2Some of the latter part of the sentence is omitted in K2o by mistake. 266 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. zs the proportion of it they should always carry away with the dead matter’, 79. And when a man comes forth, and a corpse lies in the water, when he is able to bring it out, and it is not an injury to him, it is not allowable to abandon z¢ except when he brings z# out 80. Sdéshyans said that, when it is an injury, it is allowable when ‘ he does not bring zé out; and when it is not an injury, and he does not bring 2¢, his sin is a Tandpdhar*®, 81. Kdshtand-bigéd® said that even in case of injury it is not allowable to abandon 2¢, except when he brings z¢ out; when he does not bring z¢ 4e is worthy of death. 82. And Gégésasp’ said that it is even in case of injury not allowable, except when he brings z# out; and when, in case of injury, he does not bring z¢ out his sin is’'a Tana- _ pahar; and when it is no injury to him, and he does not bring z¢, Ze is worthy of death. 83. And when he shall wish to bring z¢ his clothing is to be laid aside, for it makes the clothing 1 The sentence is obscure, but this seems to be the meaning; that is, when a corpse or any dead matter is thrown into a pond or tank, the pollution extends sixteen feet from it in all directions ; and that quantity of water ought to be drawn off, in order to purify the tank (see Vend. VI, 65-71). As the corpse, in nearly all cases, must be either at the bottom or on the surface, the quantity of polluted water to be drawn off must be a hemispherical mass sixteen feet in radius, or about forty-eight tons of water. * See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64, where it states that bringing it out is a good work of one Tanfpfihar, and leaving it is a sin of the same amount. 3 See Chap. I, 3. * Reading amat, ‘when,’ instead of mQn, ‘which’ (see Bund. I, 7, note). 5 See Chap. I, 1, 2. ® See Chap. I, 4, note. 7 See Chap. I, 3. ® See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64. CHAPTER II, 79-87. 267 polluted, and whatever Ae is first able and best able to bring is to be brought out by him. 84. When, too, he is able to bring z¢ out through the breadth of the water, then also it is to be brought out so!; and when he is not able, it is to be brought out through the length of the water; and showing z¢ ¢o a dog and the two men are not to be waited for °. 85. And it is to be carried by him so much away from the neighbourhood of the water that, when he puts z¢ down, the water which comes out dropping from the corpse does not reach back to the water ; for when the water which comes out from the corpse reaches continuously back to the water 4e is worthy of death; and after that (min zak frAg) it is to be shown ¢o a dog, and it is to be carried away by two men. 86. And when he wishes to throw z¢ out from the water, Mard-bid® said it is allowable to throw z¢ out thus, so that the water of the dripping corpse does not reach continuously back to the water; Réshan said it would be allowable to throw z¢ out far.
386. And when he wishes to throw z¢ out from the water, Mard-bid® said it is allowable to throw z¢ out thus, so that the water of the dripping corpse does not reach continuously back to the water; Réshan said it would be allowable to throw z¢ out far. 87. To drag z¢ over the water is allowable, to grasp and relinquish z¢ is not allowable *; and when it is possible to act so that he may convey z¢ from a great water to a small water, when the water is ' So that less water may be polluted by the corpse taking the shortest route through it; but if that be impossible it must’ come out quickly, at any rate. * That is, the otherwise indispensable dog’s gaze and two bearers must be dispensed with, if not at hand, in order to save time, until the corpse is out of the water (see § 85). 5 It might be, ‘there was a man who said,’ but Mard-bdd occurs in the Nirangistén as the name of a commentator (see Chap. I, 4, note). * See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64 for this prohibition. 268 SHAYAST LA-SHAYAST. connected z¢ is allowable, and when separated 7¢ is not allowable. 88. Afarg? said it is allowable to drag z¢ below through the water, but to drag #¢ over is not allowable, for this has come om the water as a danger ?, and that has not come on z¢ as a danger. 89. Médék-m4h? said it is allowable to drag 7¢ above, du¢ to drag z¢ below is not allowable, for the danger has gone out across the water, and the danger is not now to be brought upon it; and on that which is below, om which the danger has not come, the danger will at last arrive. go. When he goes into the water he is to go into it with this idea, that ‘should there be many below, then I will even bring all;’ for whoever goes in not with this idea, and shall disturb any other one which lies there, will become polluted*. 91. And if the corpse be heavy avd it is not possible to bring z¢ out by one person, and he goes out with this idea, that ‘I will go and prepare means, and bring this corpse out of the water ;’ and when through sinfulness* he does not go back his body is polluted and worthy of 1 See Chap. I, 3. * Or ‘fear.’ The difference of opinion between the two commentators on this question in casuistry, appears to have arisen from Afarg regarding the water merely as the representative of a spirit, who might be endangered or frightened by the source of impurity becoming more visible when above the water, while Méd6k-m4&h considered the water in its material aspect, and wished to save it from the further pollution consequent upon drawing the corpse through more of it. 3 See Pahl. Vend. VI, 64. * These rules generally distinguish clearly between offences committed ‘through sinfulness,’ that is, wilfully, and those arising from accidental inability ; more stress being laid upon the intention than upon the. action. CHAPTER II, 88-95. 269 death, and when he is unable to go back he is not polluted.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
No commentary for this page.