Fetching
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Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
15. These are as many genera of plants as exist: trees and shrubs, fruit-évees, corn, flowers, aromatic herbs, salads, spices, grass, wild plants, medicinal 1 See Chaps. IX, 5, XVII, 9, XXIX, 5. * The apparently contradictory account in Chap. IX, 2, refers only to the first production of material plants from their spiritual or ideal representative. The bird here mentioned is Kamrés (see Chaps. XIX, 15, XXIV, 29), as appears from the following passage (Mkh. LXII, 40-42): ‘And the bird Aamrés for ever sits 2” that vicinity ; and his work is this, that he collects that seed which sheds from the tree of all seeds, which is opposed to harm, and conveys 7/ there where Tistar seizes the water, so that Tistar may seize the water with that seed of all kinds, and may rain 7/ on the world with the rain.’ ® See Chaps. XII, 5, XIII, 3-5. * Here written Gékarn in all MSS. See Chaps. IX, 6, XVIII, I, 2. ® That is, in Yas. IX, where Haoma is entitled dfraosha. ® See Chap. XXIV, 27. 7 See Chap. XXIV, 18. CHAPTER XXVII, 3-II. 101 Plants, gum plants, and all producing ! oil, dyes, and clothing. 6. I wz? mention them also a second time: all whose fruit is not welcome as food of men, and are perennial (s4lv4r), as the cypress, the plane, the white poplar, the box, and others of this genus, they call trees and shrubs (d4r va dirakht). 7. The produce of everything welcome as food of men, that is perennial, as the date, the myrtle, the loteplum 2, the grape, the quince, the apple, the citron, the pomegranate, the peach, the fig, the walnut, the almond, axd others in this genus, they call fruit (mivak). 8. Whatever requires labour with the spade’, avd is perennial, they call a shrub (dirakht). 9. Whatever requires that they take its crop through labour, azd zts root withers away, such as wheat, barley, grain, various kinds‘ of pulse, vetches, and others of this genus, they call corn (gird4k). 10. Every plant with fragrant leaves, which is cultivated by the hand-labour of men, avd is perennial (hamvAr), they call an aromatic herb (siparam). 11. Whatever sweet-scented blossom arises a¢ various seasons through the hand-labour of men, or has a perennial root azd blossoms in z¢s season with new shoots azd sweet-scented blossoms, as the rose, the narcissus, the jasmine, the dog-rose (néstarfin), 1 Comparing this list with the subsequent repetition it appears probable that ham4k bar4 is a corruption of aesam béd (see §§ 19, 21), and that we ought to read ‘ gum planis, woods, scents, ~ and plants for oil, dyes, and clothing.’ M6 has ‘oil and dyes for clothing.’ * The kfinar (see Chap. XV, 13). ® The Paz. péhani (which is omitted in K20) is evidently a misreading of Pahl. pashang, ‘a hoe-like spade.’ * M6 adds Paz. gavina (Pahl. gQnak) to gvid gvid munga4n, without altering the meaning materially. 102 BUNDAHIS.
2XV, 13). ® The Paz. péhani (which is omitted in K20) is evidently a misreading of Pahl. pashang, ‘a hoe-like spade.’ * M6 adds Paz. gavina (Pahl. gQnak) to gvid gvid munga4n, without altering the meaning materially. 102 BUNDAHIS. the tulip, the colocynth (kavastik), the pandanus (kédi), the £amba, the ox-eye (héri), the crocus, the swallow-wort (zarda), the violet,.the karda, and others of this genus, they call a flower (g Ql). 12. Everything whose sweet-scented fruit, or sweetscented blossom, arises in z¢s season, without the hand-labour of men, they call a wild plant (vahar or nih&l). 13. Whatever is welcome as food of cattle and beasts of burden they call grass (giy4h). 14. Whatever enters into cakes (pés- parakih4) they call spices (@vzarth4). 15. Whatever is welcome in eating of bread, as torn shoots! of the coriander, water-cress (kakig), the leek, azd others of this genus, they call salad (térak)*. 16. Whatever is like spinning® cotton, azd others of this genus, they call clothing plants (gamak). 17. Whatever lentil* is greasy, as sesame, ddishd4ang, hemp, zandak®5, and others of this genus, they call an oil-seed (rékané6). 18. Whatever one can dye clothing with, as saffron, sapan-wood, zasava, vaha, azd others of this genus, they call a dyeplant (rag). 19. Whatever root, or gum °, or wood * Reading stak darid; Justi has ‘baked shoots ;’ Anquetil has ‘the three following ;’ M6 has stak va karafs, ‘shoots and parsley.’ 7 Or tarak in § 5, Pers. tarah. * Reading Huz. neskhun4a, ‘twisting,’ but the word is doubtful ; Justi has ‘ sitting on the plant,’ which is a rather singular description for cotton. * Reading mafag; Anquetil, Windischmann, and Justi read mazg, ‘marrow,’ but this is usually written otherwise. ® Perhaps for zét6, ‘olive,’ as Anquetil supposes, and Justi assumes. * Reading tf (compare Pers. tuf, ‘ saliva’). CHAPTER XXVII, 12-24. 103 is scented, as frankincense!, varast?, kust, sandalwood, cardamom, camphor, orange-scented mint, and others of this genus, they call a scent (bdd). 20. Whatever stickiness comes out from plants‘ they call gummy (zadak). 21. The timber which proceeds from the trees, when it is either dry or wet, they call wood (£iba). 22. Every one of all these plants which is so, they call medicinal (dardk)®. 23. The principal fruits are of thirty kinds (khadfiinak), and ten species (sardak) of them are fit to eat inside and outside, as the fig, the apple, the quince, the citron, the grape, the mulberry, the pear, and others of this kind; ten are fit to eat outside, du¢ not fit to eat inside, as the date, the peach, the white apricot, azd others of this kind; those which are fit to eat inside, dz¢ not fit to eat outside, are the walnut, the almond, the pomegranate, the cocoanut®, the filbert 7, the chesnut *, the pistachio nut, the varga4n, and whatever else of this description are very remarkable. 24°. This, too, it says, that every single flower is appropriate to an angel (ameshdéspend)”, as the
324°. This, too, it says, that every single flower is appropriate to an angel (ameshdéspend)”, as the ? Paz. kendri for Pahl. kundur probably. * Justi compares Pers, barghast. * Paz. kakura may be equivalent to Pers. qaqulah, ‘ cardamoms,’ or to Pers. kakul or kak Ql, ‘ marjoram.’ * K20 omits a line, from here to the word ‘ either.’ 5 The line which contained this sentence is torn off in K2o0. * Paz. anarsar is a misreading of Pahl. anargil (Pers. nargil, * cocoa-nut ’). 7 Paz. pendak, a misreading of Pahl. funduk. ® Paz. shahbréd, a misreading of Pahl. shahbalfit; omitted in M6. ® M6 begins a new chapter here. 1° These are the thirty archangels and angels whose names are applied to the thirty days of the Parsi month, in the ordcr in 104 BUNDAHIS. white! jasmine (saman) is for Vohdman, the myrtle and jasmine (yasmin) are Adharmazd’s own, the mouse-ear (or sweet marjoram) is Ashavahist’'s? own, the basil-royal is Shatvairé’s own, the musk flower is Spendarmaa’s, the lily is Horvadaa’s, the 4amba is Amerédaa’s, Din-pavan-Ataré has the orangescented mint (vadrang-béd), Ataré has the marigold (4dargun), the water-lily is Avan’s, the white marv is Khiarshéa@’s, the ranges‘ is Mah’s, the violet is Tir’s, the méren® is Gés’s, the kArda is Din-pavan-Mitré’s, all violets are Mitré’s, the red chrysanthemum (khér) is Srésh’s, the dog-rose (nestran) is Rashnd’s, the cockscomb is Fravardin’s, the sisebar is VAahr4m’s, the yellow chrysanthemum is Ram’s, the orange-scented mint is Vaa’s®, the trigonella is Din-pavan-Din’s, the hundredpetalled rose is Din’s, all kinds of wild flowers (vah4r) are Ara’s?, Astdd has all the white Hém ’, the bread-baker's basil is Asm4n’s, Zamy4d has the crocus, Maraspend has the flower® of Ardashir, which they are mentioned here, except that AGharmazd is the first day, and Vohfiman is the second. 1 M6 has ‘ yellow.’ * Synonymous with the Ardavahist of Chap. I, 26. * Anquetil, Windischmann, and Justi have ‘ the poppy.’ “ M6 has Paz. Ig as only the first part of the word, and Justi translates it by ‘red lac,’ which is not a plant. Transcribing the P4zand into Pahlavi, perhaps the nearest probable word is rand, ‘laurel.’ 5 M6 has Paz. ménr; Anquetil has ‘vine blossom,’ and is followed by Windischmann and Justi, but the word is very uncertain. 6 The remainder of this chapter is lost from K2o. 7 This female angel is also called Arshisang (see Chap. XXII, 4). ® See § 4. ® M6 leaves a blank space for the name of the flower; perhaps it is the marv-i Ardashfran, CHAPTER XXVII, 25—XXVIII, 2. 105 Aniran das this H6m of the angel Hém!', of three kinds. 25. It is concerning plants that every single kind with a drop of water on a twig (teh) they should hold four finger-breadths in front of the fire?; most of all it is the lotos (kdQn4r) they speak of. CuaPpTreR XXVIII3.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
15. These are as many genera of plants as exist: trees and shrubs, fruit-évees, corn, flowers, aromatic herbs, salads, spices, grass, wild plants, medicinal 1 See Chaps. IX, 5, XVII, 9, XXIX, 5. * The apparently contradictory account in Chap. IX, 2, refers only to the first production of material plants from their spiritual or ideal representative. The bird here mentioned is Kamrés (see Chaps. XIX, 15, XXIV, 29), as appears from the following passage (Mkh. LXII, 40-42): ‘And the bird Aamrés for ever sits 2” that vicinity ; and his work is this, that he collects that seed which sheds from the tree of all seeds, which is opposed to harm, and conveys 7/ there where Tistar seizes the water, so that Tistar may seize the water with that seed of all kinds, and may rain 7/ on the world with the rain.’ ® See Chaps. XII, 5, XIII, 3-5. * Here written Gékarn in all MSS. See Chaps. IX, 6, XVIII, I, 2. ® That is, in Yas. IX, where Haoma is entitled dfraosha. ® See Chap. XXIV, 27. 7 See Chap. XXIV, 18. CHAPTER XXVII, 3-II. 101 Plants, gum plants, and all producing ! oil, dyes, and clothing. 6. I wz? mention them also a second time: all whose fruit is not welcome as food of men, and are perennial (s4lv4r), as the cypress, the plane, the white poplar, the box, and others of this genus, they call trees and shrubs (d4r va dirakht). 7. The produce of everything welcome as food of men, that is perennial, as the date, the myrtle, the loteplum 2, the grape, the quince, the apple, the citron, the pomegranate, the peach, the fig, the walnut, the almond, axd others in this genus, they call fruit (mivak). 8. Whatever requires labour with the spade’, avd is perennial, they call a shrub (dirakht). 9. Whatever requires that they take its crop through labour, azd zts root withers away, such as wheat, barley, grain, various kinds‘ of pulse, vetches, and others of this genus, they call corn (gird4k). 10. Every plant with fragrant leaves, which is cultivated by the hand-labour of men, avd is perennial (hamvAr), they call an aromatic herb (siparam). 11. Whatever sweet-scented blossom arises a¢ various seasons through the hand-labour of men, or has a perennial root azd blossoms in z¢s season with new shoots azd sweet-scented blossoms, as the rose, the narcissus, the jasmine, the dog-rose (néstarfin), 1 Comparing this list with the subsequent repetition it appears probable that ham4k bar4 is a corruption of aesam béd (see §§ 19, 21), and that we ought to read ‘ gum planis, woods, scents, ~ and plants for oil, dyes, and clothing.’ M6 has ‘oil and dyes for clothing.’ * The kfinar (see Chap. XV, 13). ® The Paz. péhani (which is omitted in K20) is evidently a misreading of Pahl. pashang, ‘a hoe-like spade.’ * M6 adds Paz. gavina (Pahl. gQnak) to gvid gvid munga4n, without altering the meaning materially. 102 BUNDAHIS.
2XV, 13). ® The Paz. péhani (which is omitted in K20) is evidently a misreading of Pahl. pashang, ‘a hoe-like spade.’ * M6 adds Paz. gavina (Pahl. gQnak) to gvid gvid munga4n, without altering the meaning materially. 102 BUNDAHIS. the tulip, the colocynth (kavastik), the pandanus (kédi), the £amba, the ox-eye (héri), the crocus, the swallow-wort (zarda), the violet,.the karda, and others of this genus, they call a flower (g Ql). 12. Everything whose sweet-scented fruit, or sweetscented blossom, arises in z¢s season, without the hand-labour of men, they call a wild plant (vahar or nih&l). 13. Whatever is welcome as food of cattle and beasts of burden they call grass (giy4h). 14. Whatever enters into cakes (pés- parakih4) they call spices (@vzarth4). 15. Whatever is welcome in eating of bread, as torn shoots! of the coriander, water-cress (kakig), the leek, azd others of this genus, they call salad (térak)*. 16. Whatever is like spinning® cotton, azd others of this genus, they call clothing plants (gamak). 17. Whatever lentil* is greasy, as sesame, ddishd4ang, hemp, zandak®5, and others of this genus, they call an oil-seed (rékané6). 18. Whatever one can dye clothing with, as saffron, sapan-wood, zasava, vaha, azd others of this genus, they call a dyeplant (rag). 19. Whatever root, or gum °, or wood * Reading stak darid; Justi has ‘baked shoots ;’ Anquetil has ‘the three following ;’ M6 has stak va karafs, ‘shoots and parsley.’ 7 Or tarak in § 5, Pers. tarah. * Reading Huz. neskhun4a, ‘twisting,’ but the word is doubtful ; Justi has ‘ sitting on the plant,’ which is a rather singular description for cotton. * Reading mafag; Anquetil, Windischmann, and Justi read mazg, ‘marrow,’ but this is usually written otherwise. ® Perhaps for zét6, ‘olive,’ as Anquetil supposes, and Justi assumes. * Reading tf (compare Pers. tuf, ‘ saliva’). CHAPTER XXVII, 12-24. 103 is scented, as frankincense!, varast?, kust, sandalwood, cardamom, camphor, orange-scented mint, and others of this genus, they call a scent (bdd). 20. Whatever stickiness comes out from plants‘ they call gummy (zadak). 21. The timber which proceeds from the trees, when it is either dry or wet, they call wood (£iba). 22. Every one of all these plants which is so, they call medicinal (dardk)®. 23. The principal fruits are of thirty kinds (khadfiinak), and ten species (sardak) of them are fit to eat inside and outside, as the fig, the apple, the quince, the citron, the grape, the mulberry, the pear, and others of this kind; ten are fit to eat outside, du¢ not fit to eat inside, as the date, the peach, the white apricot, azd others of this kind; those which are fit to eat inside, dz¢ not fit to eat outside, are the walnut, the almond, the pomegranate, the cocoanut®, the filbert 7, the chesnut *, the pistachio nut, the varga4n, and whatever else of this description are very remarkable. 24°. This, too, it says, that every single flower is appropriate to an angel (ameshdéspend)”, as the
324°. This, too, it says, that every single flower is appropriate to an angel (ameshdéspend)”, as the ? Paz. kendri for Pahl. kundur probably. * Justi compares Pers, barghast. * Paz. kakura may be equivalent to Pers. qaqulah, ‘ cardamoms,’ or to Pers. kakul or kak Ql, ‘ marjoram.’ * K20 omits a line, from here to the word ‘ either.’ 5 The line which contained this sentence is torn off in K2o0. * Paz. anarsar is a misreading of Pahl. anargil (Pers. nargil, * cocoa-nut ’). 7 Paz. pendak, a misreading of Pahl. funduk. ® Paz. shahbréd, a misreading of Pahl. shahbalfit; omitted in M6. ® M6 begins a new chapter here. 1° These are the thirty archangels and angels whose names are applied to the thirty days of the Parsi month, in the ordcr in 104 BUNDAHIS. white! jasmine (saman) is for Vohdman, the myrtle and jasmine (yasmin) are Adharmazd’s own, the mouse-ear (or sweet marjoram) is Ashavahist’'s? own, the basil-royal is Shatvairé’s own, the musk flower is Spendarmaa’s, the lily is Horvadaa’s, the 4amba is Amerédaa’s, Din-pavan-Ataré has the orangescented mint (vadrang-béd), Ataré has the marigold (4dargun), the water-lily is Avan’s, the white marv is Khiarshéa@’s, the ranges‘ is Mah’s, the violet is Tir’s, the méren® is Gés’s, the kArda is Din-pavan-Mitré’s, all violets are Mitré’s, the red chrysanthemum (khér) is Srésh’s, the dog-rose (nestran) is Rashnd’s, the cockscomb is Fravardin’s, the sisebar is VAahr4m’s, the yellow chrysanthemum is Ram’s, the orange-scented mint is Vaa’s®, the trigonella is Din-pavan-Din’s, the hundredpetalled rose is Din’s, all kinds of wild flowers (vah4r) are Ara’s?, Astdd has all the white Hém ’, the bread-baker's basil is Asm4n’s, Zamy4d has the crocus, Maraspend has the flower® of Ardashir, which they are mentioned here, except that AGharmazd is the first day, and Vohfiman is the second. 1 M6 has ‘ yellow.’ * Synonymous with the Ardavahist of Chap. I, 26. * Anquetil, Windischmann, and Justi have ‘ the poppy.’ “ M6 has Paz. Ig as only the first part of the word, and Justi translates it by ‘red lac,’ which is not a plant. Transcribing the P4zand into Pahlavi, perhaps the nearest probable word is rand, ‘laurel.’ 5 M6 has Paz. ménr; Anquetil has ‘vine blossom,’ and is followed by Windischmann and Justi, but the word is very uncertain. 6 The remainder of this chapter is lost from K2o. 7 This female angel is also called Arshisang (see Chap. XXII, 4). ® See § 4. ® M6 leaves a blank space for the name of the flower; perhaps it is the marv-i Ardashfran, CHAPTER XXVII, 25—XXVIII, 2. 105 Aniran das this H6m of the angel Hém!', of three kinds. 25. It is concerning plants that every single kind with a drop of water on a twig (teh) they should hold four finger-breadths in front of the fire?; most of all it is the lotos (kdQn4r) they speak of. CuaPpTreR XXVIII3.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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