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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
11 Called Bahman in the Shahnamah, and Ardashifr the Kay&nian in Bahman Yt. II, 17; the successor of his grandfather Vist&sp (see Chap. XXXIV, 8). 13 The text is rather obscure, but the Kam4mak of Ardashifr-i Papakan states clearly that Ardashir was son of Sasan by the 138 BUNDAHIS. Véh-Afrid and? Zartr, son of SAs4n, son of Artakhshatar who was the said Vohfiman son of Spend-dad. 31. The mother of Kat-Aptvéh was Farhank ?, daughter of him who is exalted on the heavenly path’, Urvad-gai-frast‘, son of Rak, son of Dardsrdb, son of Mandséthar. 32. This, too, it says, that the glory® of Frédfn settled on the root of a reed (kany4) in the wide-formed ocean; azd Néktargaé®, through sorcery, formed a cow for tillage, and begat children there; three years he carried the reeds there, amd gave them to the cow, until the glory went on to the cow; he brought the cow, milked her milk, and gave z¢ to his three sons; as ¢heiy walking was on hoofs, the glory did not go to the sons, but to Farhank. 33. Nédktarga4 wished to injure’ Farhank, dv¢ Farhank went with the glory away from daughter of Papak, a tributary ruler of Pars under Ardavdn, the last of the AskAniyan monarchs. 1 So in the Pahlavi text, which therefore makes Véh-4frtd a woman’s name (like Pers. Beh-frin) ; but this is doubtful, as the MSS. often confound va, ‘and,’ and i, ‘ son of.’ . 2 In the Shaéhnamah Farhang is mother of Kai-Kavis. The Pahlavi name can also be read FarAnak, the name of the mother of Ferfdfin in the Shahnamah. 5 Paz. vidharg-4frastaka, which looks more like an epithet than a name. * Or, perhaps, ‘ Urvad-g4 son of Frast.’ ° The divine glory which was supposed to accompany all legitimate sovereigns of Iran, from the time of Héshyang even to that of the Sasanian dynasty ; itis the Av. svarenangh of the Zamyad Yast, and is said to have fled to the ocean for refuge during the reign of foreign dynasties and wicked kings (see Aban Yt. 42, Zamy4d Yt. 51, 56, 59, 62). * The last syllable is so written, in Pazand, in § 33. 7 Reading hangtdand, ‘to injure,’ instead of khungdané, which may mean ‘to embrace ;’ the difference between the two words being merely the letter f. CHAPTER XXXI, 31-38. 139 the fierce (ttb) father, and made a vow (patyastak) thus: ‘I will give my first son to Atshbém'’ 34. Then Afdshbd4m saved her from the father; and the first son, Kai-Aptvéh, she bore and gave to Adshbam, was a hero associating with Adshbam, and travelled in Atishbam’s company. 35. The mother of Afz6ébé was the daughter of Ndmiin the wizard, when N&mak? was with Frasty4z.
2Then Afdshbd4m saved her from the father; and the first son, Kai-Aptvéh, she bore and gave to Adshbam, was a hero associating with Adshbam, and travelled in Atishbam’s company. 35. The mother of Afz6ébé was the daughter of Ndmiin the wizard, when N&mak? was with Frasty4z. 36. And, moreover, together with those begotten by Sam! were six children in pairs, male axd female; the name of one was Damnak, of one Khisrév, and of one Margandak, and the name of cack man and woman together was one. 37. And the name of one besides them was Dast4n‘; he was considered more eminent than they, and Sag4nsth® and the southern quarter were given to him; and Avar-shatré® and the governorship were given by him to Avarnak. 38. Of Avar-shatré this is said, that z¢ zs the district of Avarnak, and they offered blessings ¢o Srésh and Ardavahist in succession; on this account is cher possession of horses and possession of arms; and on account of firm religion, purity, and manifest joy, good estirnation and extensive fame are greatly 1 This name means ‘the dawn;’ perhaps it may be identified with Av. Usinemangh or Usenemangh of Fravardin Yt. 113, 140, whose wife Freni may possibly be the Farhank (or Franak) of the text. * So in TD, but it is probably only a variant of Namfin. ® The grandfather of Rustam (see § 41). In the Avesta he is usually called Sama Keres4spa with the title Nairimanau; while in the Shahnémah Sm is son of Nariman. * Another name for ZAl, the father of Rustam, in the Shahn4mah. ® The same as Sagastan. * Or, perhaps, ‘the upper district.’ I40 BUNDAHIS. among them. 39. To Damnak the governorship of Asfristén was given; sovereignty and arranging the law of sovereignty, wilfulness and the stubborn defects they would bring, were among them. 40. To Sparnak! the governorship of Spah4n? was given; to Khisrév the governorship of R4i® was given; to Margandak the kingdom, forest settlements, and mountain settlements of Padashkhvargar were given; where they travel nomadically, and ¢here ave the forming of sheep-folds, prolificness, easy procreation, and continual triumph over enemies. 41. From Dastan proceeded Ridastém * and Hizavarak 5,] CuHaPTeR XXXII 4, 1. On the kindred of Pérfshasp’, son of Pattirasp®, son of Aurvadasp®, son of Haékadasp”, son of 1 He would seem not to have been a son of SAm, as he is not mentioned before. The reading of all these names is uncertain. 3 The Pahlavi form of Ispah4n. 5 Av. Ragha of Yas. XIX, 51, Vend. I, 60, whose ruins are near the modern Teher4n. ‘ The usual Pahlavi form of Rustam. 5 Or Afizvérak; Rustam’s brother is called Zavérah in the Shahn4mah. * This chapter, which is numbered XXXIII by previous translators, is found in all MSS., but in TD it forms a continuation of the preceding chapter, beginning with the name Pérfishasp. 7 Av. Pourushaspa of Yas. IX, 42, 43, Vend. XIX, 15, 22, 143, Ab&n Yt. 18, &c.
3* This chapter, which is numbered XXXIII by previous translators, is found in all MSS., but in TD it forms a continuation of the preceding chapter, beginning with the name Pérfishasp. 7 Av. Pourushaspa of Yas. IX, 42, 43, Vend. XIX, 15, 22, 143, Ab&n Yt. 18, &c. ® K2o has Paz. Spitarsp, and M6 has Paz. Pirtrasp (see note on Chap. XXXIII, 1). The reading in the text is doubtful. ® Omitted in K2o and TD. 2 Av. Ha€kadaspa of Yas. XLV, 15, LII, 3. CHAPTER XXXI, 39 —XXXII, 3. I4I Kakhshnds’, son of Patttrasp, som of Hardarsn 2, son of Hardar 8, som of Spitaman ‘, soz of Vidast °, son of Ayazem, son of Ragan®, son of Ddrdsréb’, son of MAndséthar*. 2. As Pattirasp ad two sons, one Pérfshasp and one ArAsti®, by Pérfshasp was ZaratQst begotten for a sanctuary of good religion ™, and by Ardsti was Médy6k-mah” begotten. 3, Zaratdst, when he brought the religion, first celebrated y ? Windischmann suggests Av. KAkhshnéis (gen.) of Fravardin t. 114. * Kao has Paz. Harsn and TD has Harakidarsnd. ® TD has Hardtdar, or Ardidar. * Or Spitém (as the last syllable is the patronymical suffix), Av. Spit4ma, the usual patronymic of Zarat(st. ® May be read VAadist in TD. * Possibly the same person as R&k in Chap. XXXI, 31; but see XXXII, 3. 7 So in TD, but P4z. Durdsrun in K20, M6. ® This genealogy is somewhat differently given in the Vagarkard-i Dintk (pp. 28, 29),as published in Bombay by Dastur Peshotanji Behramji Sanjan4 in 1848; and is extended back, through the generations mentioned in Chap. XXXII, 1, 2,7,14,to Gaydémard, as follows : ‘Pérfishdspé6 son of Paitirasp, and Arfspé6 son of Paitirasp, Urvandasp, Haésadasp, Kikhshnus, Paétirasp, Hardrsn, Haridar, Spftam4né, Vaédist, Nay4zem, Ragisn, Dfirasréb, Mandstihar sovereign of Iran, M4nus-khQrmar, M4nus-khfrnak, Néryésang, Varsid-din, Vizak, Airyak, Aithritak, Ibitak, Frazisak, Zisak, Frasizak, Izak, Airté, Frédan lord of Khvantras, Pfir-téra the Asptkan, Névak-t6ra the Asptkan, Ség-téra the Asptkan, Géfar-t6ra the Asptkén, Van6i-fravisn the Asptk&an, Yim lord of the seven regions, Vivanghad, Ayanghad, Ananghad, Takhmérup, Héshfng the Pésdad, lord of the seven regions, Fravak, Sty4mak, Mashy6é whose wife was Mashyak, Gayékmard the first man, and father of all mankind in the material world.’ . * Av. Ardstaya of Fravardin Yt. 95 ; TD has Ardstih. % The Pézand words darg4 hidainis appear to be merely a misreading of Pahl. darg4s-i hadinétfh. 11 Av. Maidhyé6-maungha of Yas. L, 19, Fravardin Yt. 95, 106. He is said to have been Zaratfist’s first disciple. 142 BUNDAHIS. worship! azd expounded in Atran-vég, and Médyékm4h received the religion from him. 4. The Mobads? of P&rs are all ¢vaced back to this race of M4ndséihar.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
11 Called Bahman in the Shahnamah, and Ardashifr the Kay&nian in Bahman Yt. II, 17; the successor of his grandfather Vist&sp (see Chap. XXXIV, 8). 13 The text is rather obscure, but the Kam4mak of Ardashifr-i Papakan states clearly that Ardashir was son of Sasan by the 138 BUNDAHIS. Véh-Afrid and? Zartr, son of SAs4n, son of Artakhshatar who was the said Vohfiman son of Spend-dad. 31. The mother of Kat-Aptvéh was Farhank ?, daughter of him who is exalted on the heavenly path’, Urvad-gai-frast‘, son of Rak, son of Dardsrdb, son of Mandséthar. 32. This, too, it says, that the glory® of Frédfn settled on the root of a reed (kany4) in the wide-formed ocean; azd Néktargaé®, through sorcery, formed a cow for tillage, and begat children there; three years he carried the reeds there, amd gave them to the cow, until the glory went on to the cow; he brought the cow, milked her milk, and gave z¢ to his three sons; as ¢heiy walking was on hoofs, the glory did not go to the sons, but to Farhank. 33. Nédktarga4 wished to injure’ Farhank, dv¢ Farhank went with the glory away from daughter of Papak, a tributary ruler of Pars under Ardavdn, the last of the AskAniyan monarchs. 1 So in the Pahlavi text, which therefore makes Véh-4frtd a woman’s name (like Pers. Beh-frin) ; but this is doubtful, as the MSS. often confound va, ‘and,’ and i, ‘ son of.’ . 2 In the Shaéhnamah Farhang is mother of Kai-Kavis. The Pahlavi name can also be read FarAnak, the name of the mother of Ferfdfin in the Shahnamah. 5 Paz. vidharg-4frastaka, which looks more like an epithet than a name. * Or, perhaps, ‘ Urvad-g4 son of Frast.’ ° The divine glory which was supposed to accompany all legitimate sovereigns of Iran, from the time of Héshyang even to that of the Sasanian dynasty ; itis the Av. svarenangh of the Zamyad Yast, and is said to have fled to the ocean for refuge during the reign of foreign dynasties and wicked kings (see Aban Yt. 42, Zamy4d Yt. 51, 56, 59, 62). * The last syllable is so written, in Pazand, in § 33. 7 Reading hangtdand, ‘to injure,’ instead of khungdané, which may mean ‘to embrace ;’ the difference between the two words being merely the letter f. CHAPTER XXXI, 31-38. 139 the fierce (ttb) father, and made a vow (patyastak) thus: ‘I will give my first son to Atshbém'’ 34. Then Afdshbd4m saved her from the father; and the first son, Kai-Aptvéh, she bore and gave to Adshbam, was a hero associating with Adshbam, and travelled in Atishbam’s company. 35. The mother of Afz6ébé was the daughter of Ndmiin the wizard, when N&mak? was with Frasty4z.
2Then Afdshbd4m saved her from the father; and the first son, Kai-Aptvéh, she bore and gave to Adshbam, was a hero associating with Adshbam, and travelled in Atishbam’s company. 35. The mother of Afz6ébé was the daughter of Ndmiin the wizard, when N&mak? was with Frasty4z. 36. And, moreover, together with those begotten by Sam! were six children in pairs, male axd female; the name of one was Damnak, of one Khisrév, and of one Margandak, and the name of cack man and woman together was one. 37. And the name of one besides them was Dast4n‘; he was considered more eminent than they, and Sag4nsth® and the southern quarter were given to him; and Avar-shatré® and the governorship were given by him to Avarnak. 38. Of Avar-shatré this is said, that z¢ zs the district of Avarnak, and they offered blessings ¢o Srésh and Ardavahist in succession; on this account is cher possession of horses and possession of arms; and on account of firm religion, purity, and manifest joy, good estirnation and extensive fame are greatly 1 This name means ‘the dawn;’ perhaps it may be identified with Av. Usinemangh or Usenemangh of Fravardin Yt. 113, 140, whose wife Freni may possibly be the Farhank (or Franak) of the text. * So in TD, but it is probably only a variant of Namfin. ® The grandfather of Rustam (see § 41). In the Avesta he is usually called Sama Keres4spa with the title Nairimanau; while in the Shahnémah Sm is son of Nariman. * Another name for ZAl, the father of Rustam, in the Shahn4mah. ® The same as Sagastan. * Or, perhaps, ‘the upper district.’ I40 BUNDAHIS. among them. 39. To Damnak the governorship of Asfristén was given; sovereignty and arranging the law of sovereignty, wilfulness and the stubborn defects they would bring, were among them. 40. To Sparnak! the governorship of Spah4n? was given; to Khisrév the governorship of R4i® was given; to Margandak the kingdom, forest settlements, and mountain settlements of Padashkhvargar were given; where they travel nomadically, and ¢here ave the forming of sheep-folds, prolificness, easy procreation, and continual triumph over enemies. 41. From Dastan proceeded Ridastém * and Hizavarak 5,] CuHaPTeR XXXII 4, 1. On the kindred of Pérfshasp’, son of Pattirasp®, son of Aurvadasp®, son of Haékadasp”, son of 1 He would seem not to have been a son of SAm, as he is not mentioned before. The reading of all these names is uncertain. 3 The Pahlavi form of Ispah4n. 5 Av. Ragha of Yas. XIX, 51, Vend. I, 60, whose ruins are near the modern Teher4n. ‘ The usual Pahlavi form of Rustam. 5 Or Afizvérak; Rustam’s brother is called Zavérah in the Shahn4mah. * This chapter, which is numbered XXXIII by previous translators, is found in all MSS., but in TD it forms a continuation of the preceding chapter, beginning with the name Pérfishasp. 7 Av. Pourushaspa of Yas. IX, 42, 43, Vend. XIX, 15, 22, 143, Ab&n Yt. 18, &c.
3* This chapter, which is numbered XXXIII by previous translators, is found in all MSS., but in TD it forms a continuation of the preceding chapter, beginning with the name Pérfishasp. 7 Av. Pourushaspa of Yas. IX, 42, 43, Vend. XIX, 15, 22, 143, Ab&n Yt. 18, &c. ® K2o has Paz. Spitarsp, and M6 has Paz. Pirtrasp (see note on Chap. XXXIII, 1). The reading in the text is doubtful. ® Omitted in K2o and TD. 2 Av. Ha€kadaspa of Yas. XLV, 15, LII, 3. CHAPTER XXXI, 39 —XXXII, 3. I4I Kakhshnds’, son of Patttrasp, som of Hardarsn 2, son of Hardar 8, som of Spitaman ‘, soz of Vidast °, son of Ayazem, son of Ragan®, son of Ddrdsréb’, son of MAndséthar*. 2. As Pattirasp ad two sons, one Pérfshasp and one ArAsti®, by Pérfshasp was ZaratQst begotten for a sanctuary of good religion ™, and by Ardsti was Médy6k-mah” begotten. 3, Zaratdst, when he brought the religion, first celebrated y ? Windischmann suggests Av. KAkhshnéis (gen.) of Fravardin t. 114. * Kao has Paz. Harsn and TD has Harakidarsnd. ® TD has Hardtdar, or Ardidar. * Or Spitém (as the last syllable is the patronymical suffix), Av. Spit4ma, the usual patronymic of Zarat(st. ® May be read VAadist in TD. * Possibly the same person as R&k in Chap. XXXI, 31; but see XXXII, 3. 7 So in TD, but P4z. Durdsrun in K20, M6. ® This genealogy is somewhat differently given in the Vagarkard-i Dintk (pp. 28, 29),as published in Bombay by Dastur Peshotanji Behramji Sanjan4 in 1848; and is extended back, through the generations mentioned in Chap. XXXII, 1, 2,7,14,to Gaydémard, as follows : ‘Pérfishdspé6 son of Paitirasp, and Arfspé6 son of Paitirasp, Urvandasp, Haésadasp, Kikhshnus, Paétirasp, Hardrsn, Haridar, Spftam4né, Vaédist, Nay4zem, Ragisn, Dfirasréb, Mandstihar sovereign of Iran, M4nus-khQrmar, M4nus-khfrnak, Néryésang, Varsid-din, Vizak, Airyak, Aithritak, Ibitak, Frazisak, Zisak, Frasizak, Izak, Airté, Frédan lord of Khvantras, Pfir-téra the Asptkan, Névak-t6ra the Asptkan, Ség-téra the Asptkan, Géfar-t6ra the Asptkén, Van6i-fravisn the Asptk&an, Yim lord of the seven regions, Vivanghad, Ayanghad, Ananghad, Takhmérup, Héshfng the Pésdad, lord of the seven regions, Fravak, Sty4mak, Mashy6é whose wife was Mashyak, Gayékmard the first man, and father of all mankind in the material world.’ . * Av. Ardstaya of Fravardin Yt. 95 ; TD has Ardstih. % The Pézand words darg4 hidainis appear to be merely a misreading of Pahl. darg4s-i hadinétfh. 11 Av. Maidhyé6-maungha of Yas. L, 19, Fravardin Yt. 95, 106. He is said to have been Zaratfist’s first disciple. 142 BUNDAHIS. worship! azd expounded in Atran-vég, and Médyékm4h received the religion from him. 4. The Mobads? of P&rs are all ¢vaced back to this race of M4ndséihar.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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