Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna
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The translator’s English as printed (Avinash Chandra Kaviratna). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
(q) This is a technical term in Charaka, Susruta, and other medical works. There are three kinds of Panchamula, viz., Trina Panchamula, Swalpa ditto, and Mahat ditto. Here the last kind is indicated. It consists of the barks of A Igle Marmelos, Colosanthes Indica, Stcriospermum-Suave-olens , Gmelina arborea, and Pretnna scrratifolia.
(a) Ccelogyne ovalis.
(b) Pucedanum Sowa.
(c) Linurn usitatissimum.
(d) Saussurea auriculata ; syn., Aplotaxis auriculata.
* The Commentators explain that in cases of phlegm, Uma, Kushtha, and Oils are not necessary. Only when wind and phlegm are both excited, all the drugs are necessary, — T.
CHARAKA-SA MHiTA.
p. 159
l by the bandage being taken off) during day time. Similarly, if it be bound up during the day, it should be expose, d (by the bandage being taken off) at night. This is necessary for letting off the excess of heat. In the cold season, however, the bandage may be kept for a longer time.37
There are altogether thirteen kinds of Sweda. There are (i) Sankara, (2) Prastara, (3) Nadi, (4) Parisheka, (5) Avagahana, (6) Jentaka, (7) A^maghana, (8) Karshyu, (9) Kuti, (10) Bhu, (11) Kumbhi, (12) Eupa, and (13) HolakaA8"39
When the Sweda is applied by means of pounding the drugs, placing them within a piece of cloth, and heating them on fire, it is called Sankara-sweda.*40
The Sweda that is applied to a patient by first rubbing him properly with oil, and making him lie down upon a piece of stone ,or on a silken cloth or woollen blanket, (and wrapping him there¬ with), or on a bed made of the leaves of Panchangula (a), U ruvaka (6) and Arka (c), with a loose ball made of boiled £uka and £ami and Pulaka paddy, or with Vefavara, or Payasa, or Kritjara, or Utkarika, is known by the name of Prastara-sweda.f . Take the articles indicated beforehand as fit for purposes of Swedana, viz., the roots and fruits and leaves and calyxes of buds, and the flesh, heads, and feet of the animals and birds (named
* This process is very simple. The drugs mentioned are all pounded together and placed in a piece of cloth. The four corners of the cloth are then tied together for preventing the drugs from falling down. The knot, however, is generally tied very Joosely, so that the pounded drugs have sufficient space to turn or move abput within the cloth. The drugs within the cloth are then heated along with the cloth by exposure to a smokeless fire. When the proper measure of heat is obtained, the cloth with the drugs within it, is then applied to the part directed. — T.
(a) A variety of Eranda, i. e., Ricinus communis. It is called Panchangula because its leaves have indentations at the edge so that there are altogether five projections that look like the five fingers projecting from the palm of the hand.
( b ) Uruvaka is a variety of the above plant.
(r) Caldtropis ^igantea or procera ; syn. , Asclepias gigantea.
j- Cuka, Cami, and Palaka are varieties of paddy that are indegenous and are gathered by the poorer classes for food. Vecavara is prepared by pounding a quantity of boneless flesh and boiling it with treacle, Ghee, Piper longum, and Piper nigrum. Payasa and Krigara are particular preparations resembling pudding. Utkarika is a kind of pudding made of Phaseoius radiaius, Roxb. — T.
p. 160
QHARAKA-SAMHITA.
before ) as also of such as are warm or hot by nature. Mix them with the proper acids and salts and oils or with the proper varieties of urine and milk. Cast all these into a pot or vessel and boil them together in such a way that no vapour may escape therefrom,
( that is, by shutting the mouth of the vessel properly.) Make a tube then with any of these leaves, viz., those of the blade of the Saccharum Sara, Rox ; or of the bamboo, or of Pongamia Glabra, or of Calatropis gigantea. The tube should be as thick as the fore part of an elephant’s trunk. Its length should a Vyama (about a fathom).* Its circumference or calibre at one end should be of the measure of the fourth part of a Vyama while at the other end it should be of the measure of an eighth part of a Vyama. The tube should be made air-tight by means of such leaves as are thick and not porous. It should have two or three bends. The patient should first be rubbed with prepared Oils that have the virtue of curing all disorders of the wind. Dipping the thicker end of the tube into the boiling vessel, the vapour should be conducted through it to the body of the patient. The vapour, in consequence of its not passing in a straight course as also owing to its force being broken by the several bends of the tube, will serve the purpose of a delightful Sweda. Such Sweda is called Nadi-sweda.41
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