Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

7. The seventh Lesson treats of Cyama-trivit. It is the plant called Trivrit. Its other names are Tribhandi, Sarvada, Kotara, Sarvanubhuti, and Suvaha. It is the Ipomasa Turpethum ; syn. Convolvulus Turpethum, Linn. There are two varieties, dark and red. The former is more efficacious as a mild but certain purgative.

8. The eighth Lesson treats of Chaturangula. Its other names are Aragvadha, Rajavriksha, and Avaghathaka.

It is Cassia fistula, Linn ; syn. Cathartocarpus fistula, Pers.

9. The ninth Lesson treats of Tilwaka. It is otherwise called Pattika and Lodhra. It is the Symplocos racemosa, Roxb.

10. The tenth Lesson treats of Sudha, otherwise called Mahavriksha, Snuhi, and Manasa. It is the Euphorbia neriifolia, Linn.

11. The eleventh Lesson treats of Saptala-cpankhini. The first is known under some other names. These are Charmakasha and Vahuphenarasa. (Jankhini is otherwise called Tiktala, Yavatikta and Akshipidaka. Both are unidentified.

12. The twelfth Lesson treats of Danti-Dravanti. Danti is otherwise known by the names of Udumvaraparni Nikumbha, and Mukulaka.

Dravanti is known by other names, viz., Chitra, Nyagrodha, and Mushikahva. The first is the Baliospermum Montanum ; syn. Croton polyandrum Roxb.

The second is the Salvinia Cucullata, Roxb.

* Kalpa, as has been previously explained, means the manner of combi¬ nation and the way of administration of drugs for the cure of ailments or pre¬ servation of health.

The first Lesson of this division treats of Phala or Madan-phala, that is, the fruits of Randia dumetornm, Lamk ; syn. Posoqueria dumetorum, Roxb. The fact is, among purgatives and emetics, diverse products are mentioned. The same product may have different varieties in consequence of the difference in place of its growih, the difference in season, the difference in fulness or maturity, the difference in respect of the age of the patient to whom it is to be administered, the difference in respect of the measure in which it is to be administered.

1. A fair idea of the contents of the first Lesson of this Division may be had from the following questions of Agnivega with which it starts. In what forms or methods should emetics and purgatives be administered ? What regu¬ lations as regards diet and other matters should be observed in view of admi¬ nistering them ? What are the symptoms of sufficient and insufficient admi¬ nistration of emetics and purgatives ? What are the symptoms of excessive

CIIA RA KA - SAM HIT A.

p. 437

3, Vastisutra, Suchavyapadika, 5. Netravyapfdika, 6. the two processes of £odhana, ( viz, Vamana and Virechana), 7. Vasti, 8. Prasriti, 9. that going by the name of Marma, 10. Vastyafraya, 11. Phalamatra, and 12. Uttara.*60-63.

administration of emetics and purgatives ? How many kinds of emetics and purgatives are there ? What are the virtues of each kind ? What is the nature of enemata ? What should be abstained from when enemata are adminis¬ tered ? &c. All these questions have been fully answered by the son of Atri.

2. This Lesson treats of the following : — the reasons for which emetics &c. should be administered or should not be administered to men. A list is given of men that should not be treated. They are as follow : one of wrathful or furious temper ; one that is exceedingly rash ; one that is very timid ; one that is ungrateful; one that is very hasty ; one that hates physicians and kings ; &c. Men not stained by these vices should be taken up for treatment. A list then occurs of men who are not fitted for administration of emetics and purga¬ tives, &c.

3. The third Lesson treats of the considerations bearing upon the admi¬ nistration of enemata.

4. The fourth Lesson treats of the consequences of insufficient and injudi¬ cious administration of enemata and the treatment to be followed for alleviating them.

5. This Lesson treats of the considerations bearing upon the subject of the tubes to be used for administration of enemata. The kind of tubes to be used, those that should not be used, the evil consequences of using tubes unfitted for patients, the treatment to be followed for alleviating those consequences, have all been set forth here.

6. The sixth Lesson treats of the two processes, and the consequences of insufficient and injudicious administrations, of emetics and purgatives, and the treatment to be adopted for their alleviation ; as also of the regulations bearing upon these two processes in particular.

7. The seventh Lesson treats in particular of the diseases that may arise from the improper use of enemata and the treatment to be adopted for their alleviation or cure.