Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna
The text is shown on its own: no facing layer is held for this issue.
The translator’s English as printed (Avinash Chandra Kaviratna). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
One should firmly adhere to truthfulness,f and lead a life of tranquillity (by abstaining from injuring any creature.) One should accustom oneself to calmly bear the harsh speeches of others. One should subdue wrath.}: One should be a careful observer of the attribute of peacefulness. One should remove the very roots of anger and aversion or haste. One should never tell an untruth. One should never appropriate what belongs to others. One should not covet the prosperity of another.§ One should not fancy another's wife or desire to provoke hostilities. One should not commit sins or keep company with those that are sinful. One should not speak of another man’s faults. One should not seek to penetrate the secrets of other people. One should not have friendly intercourse with unrighteous persons, or with those that are disloyal to the king, or with those that are stark mad, or with those that are fallen (degraded for sinfulness), or with those that are guilty of foeticide, [{ or with those that are mean, or with those that are wicked. One should not ride vicious animals. One should not sit upon a hard seat of the height of one’s knee. One should not sleep on a bed that has not been properly stretched, that is with.
* The Commentator points out that a physician should not, therefore, refuse to treat a person who has incurred the animosity of the king or one who has become fallen through sin,. — T.
+ This has reference also to the keeping of promises, besides, of course, speaking the truth under other circumstances. — T.
} * Amarshaghnah ’ is explained by the Commentator as ‘killer of incapacity,’ for * amarsha ’ is taken by him as ‘ akshamata ’ upon what authority I am not aware. — T.
§ /. <?., be jealous of such prosperity. — T.
|| There are certain sins by perpetrating which one becomes guilty of foeticide, the commission of those sins is as abhorrent as foeticide. — T,
CHA RAKA-SA MR I TA.
p. 93
out pillows, that is not spacious, and that is not smooth and level. One should not wander or walk over the uneven summits of moun¬ tains. One should not climb trees. One should not plunge into a rapid stream. One should not enjoy the shade of a jujube tree. One should not walk about in the vicinity of a place where a fire has broken out. One should not laugh aloud. One should not pass wind loudly. One should not yawn, or sneeze, or laugh without covering one’s face. One should not scratch Or rub one’s nose. One should not grind one’s teeth. One should not scratch one’s nails. One should not strike bone against bone. One should not scratch the soil.* One should not tear grass (idly while talking.) One should not (idly) grind little clods of earth or soft pebbles. One should not, while relaxing one's limbs, make ugly attitudes. One should not cast one’s eyes on dazzling lumi¬ naries, and on fires that are unholy and inauspicious, t1 4
One should not utter the exclamation Hun at sight of a dead body. One should not cross the shadow of the top of a sacred tree or the shadow of one’s preceptor, or of a person that is worthy of one’s reverence, or of one that is a sinful wretch.J One should not pass the night in temples of deities, in the shades of sacred trees, in open places laid out for sacrifices, in spots where four roads meet, 'in groves, in crematoriums, and in places of exe¬ cution^ One should not enter an empty house or a forest alone t One should not look at the Sun, for its dazzling splendour is sure to injure one’s eyes. One should not, again, look at funeral fires which are unholy and inauspicious. The Commentator observes that although the consequences of many of these forbidden acts are not plain to the understanding, yet, considering that they are forbidden by per¬ sons of superior understanding, they should be abstained from. — T.
* This is an ugly habit with many persons. Sitting, as people do, in India on un¬ carpeted floors, many men, while talking, scratch the floor with little sticks or pointed pebbles. — T.
\ In almost every Hindu village there is an ancient tree, generally a banian (Ficus Bcngalensis , Linn. , or Ficus Inciica, Roxb.), or an Aswattha (Ficus religiosa, Linn.), round whose foot is raised a platform. upon which stone images are kept of some of the deities of the Hindu Pantheon. Such trees are regarded sacred. What is said here is that the shadow cast by the summit of such a tree should never be crossed. The shadow of a sinful wretch is polluting. ‘ Abhiqasthah ’ may also mean a person under a curse. — T.
§ An ‘ upavana ’ is a grove or a pleasure garden, or an artificial forest like a park ; •ayatana ’ is an incorrect reading for ‘ aghatana. T.
CHARAKA-SAMHITA.
p. 94
No commentary for this page under the selected tracks.
There is commentary on page 1.