Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

Ghee, Oil, Honey, Saindhava salt, Sauvarchala salt, Kala salt, Vidanga (a), treacle, Kushtha (b), Kilima (c), Nagara (d), Pippali (e) Pippalimula (/). Hastipippali (g), Manduparni (k), Ela (i), Langaliki (y), Vacha (k), Chavya (/), Chitraka (m), Chiravilwa («), Hingu (o)

* This aphorism has been mistranslated by the Bengali translators. Gangadhara also has not succeeded in explaining it correctly. The first clause consists of the names of the several trees which occur in the genetive plural ; then comes the second clause, beginning with ‘ va yani, &c/ and ending with ‘ Atharvavedavidah’ ; after the last word occurs ‘ tat.’ This ‘ tat’ is evidently connected with 1 Tatra’ at the outset, ‘ Tatra tat’ implies ‘there these should be kept'. Then comes the adjective clause ‘Vasana &c. sampadupetam.’ After this, the correct reading, which Chakrapani gives, is ‘ Vastu-vidya-hridaya-yogme.’ Chakrapani explains ‘hridaya’ as ‘tattwa.’ ‘ Vastuvidya’ is the Science of Building. (Gangadhara gives the incorrect reading — ‘Vastu vidyat.’ It is pure nonsense.) In consequence of the incorrect reading he adopts, Gangadhara has been obliged to take the words ‘Vasana’, ‘ alepana’, ‘ achcchadana’, and ‘apidhana’ in very far-fetched senses. By adopting Chakrapani’s reading, all these words may be taken in their well-known ordinary senses.

The two last adjective clauses qualify ‘ Sutikagaram’ in the previous aphorism.

a. Embelia Ribes , Bunn. syn‘ Embelia Glandulifera, Wight.

b. Saussurea auriculata ; syn. Aplotoxis auriculata, D. 0.

c. Another name of Devadaru as explained by the Commentators. Cedrus deodara, Loud ; syn. Pinus deodara, Roxb.

d: This word is sometimes used for . dry ginger. The Commentators are silent. Ordinarily it implies the Qyfierus fiertenuis, Roxb.

e. Piper longum, Linn.

f. The roots of the above.

g. Otherwise called Gajapippali. Scindaspus officinalis , Roxb.

h. Hydrocotyle Asiatica, Linn.

i. Elettaria Cardamomum.

j. Gloriosa suberba , Linn.

h A corns Calamus , Linn.

l. Also called Chavika. Piper ch aba, Hunt. ; syn. Chivica officinarum, Miq.

m. Plumbago Zeylanica , Linn.

n. Otherwise called Ka^anja or Dahar-Karanja. Pongamia glabra, Ventr.-, syn, Galedupa Tndica, Lamk.

o. Ferula Assafcetida, Linn. (The exudation is used ,) " '

p. 846

CHARAKA SAMHITA.

Mustard seeds, garlics, Kana 'a), Kanika (b), Nipa (c), Atasi (d), Vallipa (e), Bhurya (f\ Kulattha (g), Maireya (//), Sura (z), and Asava (J).

Also two pieces of stone (currystone and imillar) ;

Two large pestles ;

Two mortars* ;

One mule ;

One ox ;

Two sharp-pointed needles, one of gold and the other of silver, and two skeins of threads, with needle-like ends ;f

A few keen-pointed (surgical) instruments of steel ;

Two bed-steads made of the wood of AEgle marmelos ;

Some (well-dried; fuel of Diospyros glut in >s.i and Balanites. Roxburghii for (readily) igniting fire.

Many woman should be kept in attendance, who have each brought forth many children ; who are well-disposed towards the woman that is about to be a mother, and much attached to her ; who are expert in all acts, skilled in understanding all sorts of directions, whose nature is affectionate ; who are always cheerful and capable of bearing hardship and pain, and towards a. The Commentators take it as another name of Kundaka. Thin or small fragments of rice.

b. Thicker fragments of the above.

c. Otherwise called Kadamba. Anthocephalus Cadamba, Benth and Hook., syn. Nauclea Cadamba , Roxb.

d. Linum usitatissimum, Linn.

e. Another name of Kusmanda. Cucurbita pepo, Roxb. syn. Benincasa cerifera , Savi.

f. Betula Bhojpatra , Wall.

g. Dolichos uniflorus , Lamk., syn. Dolichos biflorus, Roxb.

h. A variety of wine.

i. A variety of ditto.

j. A variety of ditto.

* Those of the larger kind, generally used of wood or stone, are meant. Chakrapani observes that some texts have 1 Kunda-mushala’, meaning small pestles.

t Chakrapani explains ‘ tikshnan’ as ‘ suchvakaran’, i.e., of the form of the needle ; in other words, having needle-like ends ‘ Suchi-pippalakau’ may also mean, according to him, two thimbles with needle like ends. I think Chakrapani does not explain the passage correctly. I think ‘ Suchi’ in the dual number as given by Gangadhara is correct. Hence, two ‘ Suchis’ and two ‘ pippalakas’ are meant. ‘ Sauvarnarajatau' is misplaced in some texts. It comes after ‘ Tikshnau’. — T.

CHARAKA SAMHITA. .847

whom the woman who is about to become a mother is herself well-disposed.

Brahmanas conversant with the Atharava-veda ;

Everything else that may be regarded useful in view of the occasion ; and

All else that Brahmanas and women of venerable, years may direct.

All these should be attended to.7"