Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

Those that are sinful in conduct and speech, those that are untruthful, those that are fond of quarrels, those that indulge in cutting ridicule, those that are covetous, those that are unable to bear the advancement of others, knaves,64 those that are always engaged in caluminating others, those that indulge in congress with other people’s wives, those that are destitute of compassion, and those that have abandoned righteousness, are wretches among men whose companionship should be avoided.65

Those that are endued with intelligence and learning, with years and character, and with fortitude and memory and (habits of)

* The word ‘ adi ’ refers to these last. — T.

+ The loss of memory, whence arises loss of judgment, is regarded in the- Hindu Scriptures as the antecedent cause of all sinful and injurious acts. By memory is meant the undimmed knowledge of one’s surroundings.— T. .

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GHA RA K A- SAM HI TA

contemplation, those that wait with reverence upon the aged,, those that have experience, those that have knowledge of self, those that have transcended the anxieties of the world, 5 6 those that have agreeable and kind words for all creatures, those that are possessed of tranquillity of soul, those that observe laudable vows, those that always, indicate righteous ways by their instructions, those that listen to the scriptures and sacred discourses, and those that have beheld sacred spots, are individuals that should be waited upon with reverence.57

One endued with intelligence and desirous of happiness both here and. hereafter, should, bent upon achieving what is beneficial, bestow great care upon everything connected with food, deport-, ment, and practices.58

One should not take curds in the night ; if one takes it one should not take it without mixing it with ghee and sugar, or with the gruel of Mudga (a), or with honey, or with the juice of Amlaka (6). One should not also take warm or hot curds in thenight.59 Curds are forbidden to be taken in the night because of the act being regarded as destructive of prosperity. Curds mixed with ghee are productive of phlegm but destructive of wind.6® Curds mixed with sugar do not increase bile. They have the virtue of digesting (other) food that is taken. They should be prescribed for the other virtue they possess, viz., of alleviating thirst and burning of the skin.6"1

Mixed with the gruel of Mudga (a), they cure Leprosy.* If mixed with honey, they become sweet and less injurious.62 If mixed with (the juice of) Dhattri(i5), and taken when hot, they cure haemorrhagic discharges. If the man that is fond of curds takes

(а) Phaseolus Mungo. As a rule, when curds are taken in, the night, they are taken mixed with sugar. The gruel of Mudga is rarely used. — T

(б) Phyllanthus. Emblica-, Syn. Emblica officinalis. I-n the North-West Provinces, curds are frequently taken mixed with the juice of this fruit. — T,

* Raktanila or Vatarakta is identifiable with Leprosy which is caused, according to Hindu medical authorities, by disorders of the wind in the system. — T.

CH A RAKA-SA M HI T A

them in disregard of these rules he is sure to have fever, haemorr¬ hagic discharges, erysepelas, leprosy, chlorosis, or anaemia, and jaundice in acute form.*03

Here are some Verses containing a summary.

The urgings which the human constitution feels, the diseases that are generated by suppressing them, the medicines to be used for curing them, those urgings that should be suppressed, what is beneficial or otherwise for what persons, that which should be avoided even though one may be accustomed to it and that which should be practised even though one is unaccustomed to it, the manner in which one should gradually accustom oneself to such practices and divest oneself of practices to which one is unaccus¬ tomed, the character of the constitution, particular kinds of food and practices suitable to particular constitutions, the enumeration of outlets for the discharge of impurities, the diseases that may ■arise from their actions being suspended, their remedies, the means by which diseases not yet generated may be avoided, the ^remedies of diseases already generated, the classes of persons that -should be sought and advised by one endued with intelligence and ■desirous of one’s own happiness, the rules according to which •curds should be taken and the reasons of those rules, have all been discoursed upon by that sage, viz., the son of Atri, in this lesson called “ The inadvisability of suppressing the urgings of mature.”1-4

Thus ends the lesson called “ Inadvisability of suppressing the urgings of Nature.”

LESSON VIII.

We shall now explain the lesson on the “ Analysis of the Senses.” Thus said the illustrious son of Atri.

* Pandit is a generic name. Its chief symptom is a paleness of the skin. V. C. Dutt supposes it stands for chlorosis, anaemia, and also jaundice. Kama la Is acute jaundice. — T.

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CHA RAKA-SA MHITA.