Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna
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The translator’s English as printed (Avinash Chandra Kaviratna). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
Quartan fever appears at intervals of two days ; Tertian at inter¬ vals of one day ; and Quotidian fever appears once every day.. 6l*
The predominant fault, taking refuge in blood, may also cause the variety of fever called ‘Anyedushka’ (Quotidian).
The (excited) fault, obstructing the adeps-bearing ducts, generates this kind of fever which continues for a whole day and night and of which there are remedies.
As regards the fever called ‘Anyedushka,’ it occurs every day.
The fever which appears every alternate day is called ‘Tritiyaka’ (Tertian). 62-63
Any of the three faults, without being very much excited, and taking refuge in those ducts which nourish the flesh, generate the fever which is called ‘Tritiyaka’ (or tertian) and which appears once in course of a day and night. 64
When the excited fault takes refuge in the adeps-bearing ducts, it generates the fever called ‘Chaturthaka’ (or quartan).
That fever is called ‘Chaturthaka’ (or quartan) which appears after intervals of two days.f 65 t Verses 62 to 65 are differently read. I follow the reading of Gangidhara.— T.
* ‘Satataka,’ or double quotidian, manifests itself twice in course of twenty-four hours ; that is, it has two exacerbations in course of a day and night. It derives its strength from any of these three, via., season or the hour of the day/ the nature of the patient’s consti¬ tution ; and the ‘dhatu’, viz., blood, that is vitiated. Thus, if it is the phlegm that is predomi¬ nant, it becomes more excited in the season of spring, or during the night. If, again, the constitution be such as to be 'under the control of phlegm, the excited phlegm gains in intensity. Then if the vitiated ‘dhatu’ be subject to particular influences, it may, irrespective of the other two, aggravate the predominantly excited fault — T.
CHA RAKA - SA MH/TA.
tips
Even as seeds lie in the soil and sprout forth after sometime, the faults lie in the ‘dhatus’ and become excited after a time.* 66
The excited fault, when it meets with the season or hour of its strength and becomes aggravated, makes both the ‘tritiyaka’ and the ‘chaturthaka’ fever hostile (to life, i. e., fatal) when the strength of the patient fails. 67
Having put forth their Intensity, the faults lose their strength, and coming ‘back to” the place of phlegm they become once more aggra¬ vated when the time of their aggravation comes, and cause a man to have fever (of the varieties called ‘tritiyaka’ and ‘chaturthaka’). 68
‘Tritiyaka’ (or tertian) fever is of three varieties : when phlegm and bile are excited, it is the lower part of the spine that becomes afflicted (with pain) ; when wind ; and phlegm are excited, it is the back that is afflicted ; if it is the wind and the bile that are excited, it is the head that is afflicted. 69
‘Chaturthaka’ (or quartan) fever shows two kinds of effects. If it is the calves that are afflicted (with pain), the phlegm should be known to be preponderant ; if it is the head that is afflicted, the fever should be known to be born of wind. 7°
There is another variety of ‘Chaturthaka’ (or quartan) fever, which is called ‘Vishama’ fever.
It is of three kinds.
Each of the faults, seizing two only of the ‘dhatus’ (ingredients) of the body, causes this fever. + 71
It is generally seen that the five varieties of fever mentioned before are the result of all the three faults excited together.
* The sense is this : a seed cast into the soil remains there without putting forth its sprout till all the circumstances combine which help it to do so. After the same manner, a fault lies in a particular ‘dh5tu’ without being excited, till, of course, the causes combine which help it to become excited. — T.
+ What is stated here is this : ‘ekaikah dhStuh’, i. e., each of the faults, acting sepa¬ rately, ‘dwidhatusthah san’, i. e., seizing two only of the ‘dhfitus’, viz. , bone and marrow, cause this fever which is called ‘Vishama.’ Thus, the wind, seizing bone and marrow, causes it ; the bile, seizing the same, causes it ; and the phlegm, seizing the same, causes it. The faults never combine to produce this fever. It is called ‘Vishama’ or abnormal because it is npt like the five other fevers spoken of before, in which the faults seize all the five ‘dhStus’ viz., ‘rasa’, ‘rakta’, “mangsa’, ‘asthi’ and ‘majja’ (juice, blood, flesh, bone, and marrow). — T.
J 506
CHARAKA-SAMHITA.
The fact is, that particular fault which predominates over the other two gives its name to the fever.* 72
In consequence of the strength or weakness of season, of day and night, of the faults, and of the mind, as also of wealth (2. e., the acts of previous lives), fever obtains its character as said before in respect of time.f 73
If fever seizes and dwells in the ‘Rasa’ or juices only (among the ‘dhatus’) the following symptoms manifest themselves ;
Heaviness of the body ;
Sensation of cold ;
Anxiety and restlessness of mind ;
Cheerlessness of disposition ;
Vomiting and nausea ;
Disgust for food ;
External heat of the body ;
Yawns accompanied by langour of limbs and body. 74
When fever seizes and dwells in the blood, the symptoms mani¬ fested are the following :
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