Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

Again in the summer season, when the wind also increases in the system, in consequence especially of the duration of night being reduced, sleep at day-time is applauded in respect of all persons who become dry through the Sun’s Taking.39*

In all other seasons except the Summer, sleep at day-time causes the phlegm and the bile to be excited. Hence in seasons other than Summer, sleep at day-time is not desirable.40

These men should never indulge in sleep at day-time ; viz., those that are fatty, those that generally drink medicated oils and ghee (for correction of faults), those that have phlegmatic constitu¬ tions, those that are labouring under diseases due to excitement of the phlegm, and those that are afflicted with poisons.41 i. Halimaka, 2, (jarah-gula, 3. Staimityam, 4. Gurugatrata,

* Vide Aphorism 3 in Lesson VI ante.

1. Halimaka is black or malignant jaundice.

2. Cirah-fula is acute or painful headache.

3. Staimitya is rigidity of the body.

4. Gurugatrata is heaviness of the limbs or body.

CI1A RAKA -SA MH/T A .

p. 241

5. Angamardda, 6. Agninaca, 7. Hridaya-praleipa, 8. £otha, 9Arochaka, 10. HrillaSa, li. Pinasa, 12. Ardahabhedaka, 13. Kotharu, 14. Pidaka, 15. Kandu, 16, Tandra, 17. Kasa, 18. diseases of the Gala, 19. Smritipramoha, 20,. Buddhipramoha, 21. Sangrodha of all the ducts, Pever, weakness of the senses, aggravation of dis¬ orders already present and due to the action of poison in the system, — these are sure to afflict a man in consequence of the injudicious indulgence of sleep.

Hence, the man of wisdom, after ascertaining what sleep is beneficial and what injurious, should have his sleep.42-46

Night-keeping produces dryness in the system; while sleep at day-time leads to oiliness. Indulgence in sleep in a sitting posture, is not productive of dryness or oiliness.48

In the matter of keeping up the body, sleep is regarded to be productive of as much happiness as the taking of food. It may be observed in especial that corpulency and leanness arise from food and sleep*. 4 1

5. Angamardda is a general lassitude or langour of the body.

6. Agninaca is loss of the digestive fire.

7. Hridaya-pralepa is a sensation of the cardiac region being enveloped with a coating of phlegm.

8. Cotha is Inflamation or swelling.

9. Arochaka is disgust for food.

10. Hrillasa is hiccup.

11. Pinasa is Inflammatioh of the Schneiderian membrane, and loss of smell.

12. Arddhavabhedaka is tlemicrama.

13. Kotharu or Kotha is urticaria evanida.

14. Pidaka implies eruptions on the skin, of different kinds. i$. Kandu is Itching.

16. Tandra is drowsiness.

17. Kasa is consumption.

18. Diseases of the Gala imply the diverse affections of the throat and the neck.

Bronehocele, enlargement of the lymphatic glands, &c., would fall within it.

19. Smriti-pramoha is partialor complete loss of memory.

20. Buddhi-pramoha is loss of 'understanding.

2t. Sangrodha of the ducts implies obstruction in the principal channels by whichblood and the other juices of the body travel from one part of the system to another. Strangury, retention of urine and stools, &c., would come within it. * I.e., the injudicious enjoyment of food and sleep. — T.

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p. 242

CHARA KA-SAMHITA.

The rubbing of oils on the body, the application of unguents and liniments, baths, drinking the juice of animals that are domesticated or living in marshy regions, eating food that consists of (boiled) rice, with curds and milk, the administration of Oils, drinking wines and other stimulants, happiness of mind, the use of such perfumes as are agreeable to the mind, the hearing of such sounds as are agreeable, champooing of the limbs, the use of such collyrium as is soothing to the eye, the application of soothing unguents on the head and the face, the use of well-spread beds and of comfortable rooms, and the advent of the proper hour, — these soon bring that sleep which has been dispelled by ill¬ ness *48_sa

The administration of purgatives and of errhines, vomiting, fear, anxiety, wrath, smoking, physical exercises and efforts, hemorrhages, fasting, comfortless- beds, the possession of the quality of Sattwa in excess, the subjugation of the quality of Tamas (by the practice of penances), — these dispel injurious sleep when it is about to come over one.f51-52

These should be known as the causes of the loss of sleep, viz. action, age, disease, the character of one’s constitution, and (excit¬ ed) wind.J5'8

* ‘Kalastathochitah’ implies-the',uchitah’ or proper ‘Kala’ orltime, for sleep; Different persons have different times for sleep according as they have courted sleep in practice.

‘ Pranashta yanimittatah’ means that sleep which has been lost through any ‘animittam’ or illness. If the word- be taken as ‘ nimittatah’, it would yield the same sense.— T.