Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

* The word ' upastambha ’ is used to express the stays which support a column, This sentence is elaborated and explained in the next.— T,

+ The practices which constitute ‘ Brahjnacharyya ’ are detailed in Manu. By ' Brahmacharyya as used here, is meant a judicious indulgence or use of our faculties and powers,— 71

C HARAKA-SAMHITA. m

Excess of correlation as regards objects of hearing arises from constantly exposing the ear to the stunning report of thunder or beat of drum or loud cries. To totally abstain from hearing (by shutting up the ears) is absence of correlation. Injudicious correla¬ tion arises from hearing hafsh sounds, or words expressive of the death or destruction of persons and objects that are liked, or sounds produced by the sudden clash or impact of hard substances, or those expressive of censure and dire reproof, or those expressive of images horror.®3

Excess of correlation with respect to objects of scent arises when the smell is inhaled of objects whose odors are so powerful as to call forth tears, or of those whose odors lead to a throwing up of the contents of the stomach* or of those whose odors produce stupe¬ faction ( such as chloroform). Total abstention from excercising the organ of scent is absence of Correlation, Injudicious Correla¬ tion arises when the smell is inhaled of objects that are putrid, of those that are disagreeable, of those that are unclean, of those that are foul, of those that emit poisonous vapours, and of corpses.® 1

Excess of correlation with respect to taste arises when objects producing any of the six tastes are taken in ah excessive degree, Total abstention from tastihg is absence of correlation. Injudici¬ ous correlation arises from eating food made up of ingredients that do not harmonise (such as honey and ghee, milk and meat, &c.)* This particular direction about food made of ingredients that do not harmonise is given even here in treating of the cause of diseases.34

Exccess of correlation in respect of touch arises from exposure to excessive heat and cold, and excessive indulgence in bathing, and rubbing the limbs with oil, and indulgence in sudden changes of temperature. Total abstention from suffering the body to be touched or from enjoying the Sense of touch is want or absence of

* The Commentator explains ‘rSci, &c.’ as implying food made up of ingredients that do not agree with one another. It can never imply either excess of food, or total abstention from food, for these would fall under the two previous heads.— -T,

p. 124

CHARAKA-SA MHITA.

correlation. Walking or sitting or lying on uneven land, and in¬ dulgence in touch in respect of unclean objects and practices constitute injudicious correlation,9®

As regards the senses, touch is the one sense among all the senses that is conterminous with them all. It has, again, a perpe¬ tual connection with the mind. And because the sense of touch covers all the senses, therefore the wind also is said to cover ( or be conterminous with) all the senses. Then again the impres¬ sions caused by touch, which (as already said) is conterminous with all the senses, are, in consequence of the variety of objects that produce them, of five kinds. Each of those five kinds resolves itself (as shown before) into three kinds of contact of objects with the mind. By contact of objects is meant their contact with the mind.*37 Act means the exertion of speech, of mind, and of body. Excessive exertion in respect of any of these is called excess of correlation. A total abstention from exertion in respect of any of them is called absence of correlation. Injudicious correlation in respect of body arises from suppression of all kinds of urging, great exertion in respect of urging, walking over uneven land, or tumbling down thereupon or falling from a great height, or a stretching of the body on such land, or scratching the body, or