Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

The faults or disorders of the Semen are eight in number. They are 1. thinness, 2. dryness, 3. frothiness, 4. absence of white¬ ness, 5. fcetidness of smell, 6, oibness, 7, mixture with other elements (like blood), and 8. such heaviness as to be drowned in water,6

The seven varieties of Kushtha or Leprosy are 1. Kapala,

2, Udumvara, 3. Mandala, 4. Rishyajihva, j.Pundarika, 6. Sidhma, and 7. Kakana.f 7

* Sanyasa is a diseases of both body and fnind, the chief feature of which is a total loss of cosciousness, and which is caused by aggravation or disorders of all the three faulrs together. It is identifiable with Apoplexy. — T.

f Udumvara is marked by coppery spots ; Mandala by circular spots or arcs ; Rishyajihva is characterised by spots or blotches resembling the deer’s tongue ; Pundarika has spots that look like lotus petals ; Sidhma has blotches or scabs that are raised ; Kakana is characterised by black and red spots.— T.

p. 214

CHARAKA-SAMHITA.

Of Pidakas there are seven varieties. They are i. £aravik5, 2. Kachchhapika, 3. Jalini, 4. Sarshapi, 5. Alaji, 6. Vinata, and 7. Vidradhi.8*

Visarpa (Erysipelas) is of seven kinds; viz., 1. that born of wind, 2. that born of bile, 3. that born of phlegm, 4. that born of heat, 5. Karddama, 6. Granthi, and 7. that born of all the faults.® ;

Atisara (Diarrhoea) is of sijf varieties. They are 1. that born of wind, 2. that born of bile, 3. that born of phlegm, 4. that born of wind, bile, and phlegm, 5. that born of fear, and 6. that born of grief.10

Udavarta is of six varieties. They are 1. that born of the wind, 2. that born of the urine, 3. that born of the stools, 4. that born of semen, 5. that born of vomiting, and 6. that born of catarrh.f11

Gulma (abdominal tumours) is of five varieties. They are 1. that born of wind, 3. that born of bile, 3. that born of phlegm, 4. that born of wind, bile, and phlegm together, and 5. that born of the blood.12

Spleen is of five varieties. They are the same as in the case of Gulma above.1*

Consumption is of five varieties. They are 1. that born of wind, 2. that born of bile, 3. that born of phlegm, 4. that born of wounds, and 5. that born of waste.14

Asthma is of five varieties. They are 1. violent Asthma, 2. Urddha9wasa or that in which the breath goes upwards, 3. Chhinna- ^wasa or that in which the breath seems to be broken, 4. Tamaka, and 5. Kshudra-t15

Hiccup is of five varieties. They are x. violent, 2, deep, 3. Vyapeta or Yamala, 4. Kshudra (mild), and 5. that born of food (or a loaded stomach).16

* Vide p. p. 194 and 195 ante.—T.

+ It has been already said that Udavarta is a general name for many diseases whose common characteristic is the suppression of the normal functions of some abdominal organs. Suppression of urine, suppression of stools &c., all fall under Udavarta. — T,

J The symptoms of Tamaka and Kshudra are set forth in the Lesson on Asthma, supra— T .

CUARA KA -SAM HIT A.

2lS thirst is of five kinds. They are i. that born of wind, 2. that born of bile, 3. that born of undigested food in the stomach, 4. that born of waste (of tissues and elements), and 5. that born of the supervening afflictions of a disease.17

Vomiting is of five kinds. They are 1. that born of having taken food of a repulsive kind, 2. that born of the excitement of the wind, 3. that born of the excitement of the bile, 4. that born of the excitement of the phlegm, and 5. that born of the excitement of all the faults, viz., wind, bile, and phlegm together.18

Disgust for food is of five kinds. They are 1. that born of yvind, 2. that born of bile, 3. that born of phlegm, 4. that born of aversion for food, and 5. that born of toil or fatigue.1®

Diseases of the Head are of fivejvarieties. Regarding what has been said before, they are 1. that born of wind, 2. that born of bile, 3. that born of phlegm, 4, that born of wind, bile,’ and phlegm all together, and 5. that born of worms.20

Thoracic diseases are of five varieties. They have been ex¬ plained in the Lesson on the diseases of the Head. (Like diseases of the Head, they are 1. that born of wind, 2. that born of bile, 3, that born of phlegm, 4. that born of wind, bile, and phlegm all together, and 5. that born of worms).21

Anaemia is of five varieties. They are 1. that of the wind 2. that born of the bile, 3. that born of the phlegm, 4. that born of all the faults together, and 5. that born of eating burnt or dry earth or clods of clay 22

Lunacy or madness is of five varieties. They are 1. that born of the wind, 2. that born of the bile, 3, that born of the phlegm, 4. that born of all the faults together, and 5. that born of adventitious circumstances (such as sudden fright, evil spirits, &c.)23

Apasmara or Delusion is of four varieties. They are 1. that born of the wind, 2. that born of the bile, 3. that born of the phlegm, aind 4. that born of all the faults together.24

Diseases, of the Eye, diseases of the Nose, diseases of the Mouth, diseases of the Grahani, Mada or delirium tremens, and

p. 216

CHA RA KA-SA MHI TK.