Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

Thus, from the excessive heat of Fever arises blood-bile (haemorrhage).

From blood-bile (or haemorrhage) springs fever.

From, again, these two, (viz., blood-bile and fever) springs con¬ sumption. 17

From enlargement of Spleen arises abdominal Dropsy.

From abdominal Dropsy arises dropsical swellings in other parts of the body.

From Piles arises painful dropsy of the abdomen, as also Internal tumours. 18

Then, again, from Catarrh or cold in the nose springs Cough or Bronchitis. From Bronchitis springs Consumption.

From Consumption and ulceration of the lungs operating as causes springs Phthisis.f 19

* ‘Sadharanam karma’ implies the anion of remedies laid down for the Constitutional varieties as also the Accidental one. Thus the use of correctives of keen virtues and alle¬ viatives should go hand in hand with the recitation of mantras, &c. , the last being laid down' for treating the Accidental variety only. — T.

t ‘Kshaya’ is, literally, waste, Thus loss of juices, of blood, of flesh, of semen, &c. , is known by the name of ‘Kshaya’ which is generally rendered Consumption.

‘Uraga’ is, as explained by Gangadhara ‘urahkshata, or ulceration of the lungs.

‘Kshaya’ and ‘uraga’ (in the last line) form a ‘dwandwa’ compound hence the genetive singular inflection.

‘(Josha,’ in the last line, stands for phthisis.. — T.

charaka-samhita:

p. 1009

These diseases at first remain as principal ones. They then be¬ come causes of other diseases.

It is seen that when they become causes of othes diseases, they retain their individuality while bringing about others. Sometimes, however, they merge into the maladies they bring about so completely as to lose their individuality. 20

Sometimes, a particular disease, becoming the cause of another disease, disappears completely.

A disease, again, is seen that does pot disappear after bringing about another whose cause it becomes.* 21

Thus diverse complicated diseases, that are very painful, are seen to afflict human beings, in consequence of impropriety of treatment as also of particular diseases being the causes of others. 22

That treatment is improper (or incorrect) which relieves a parti¬ cular disease but excites others.

That treatment, again, is proper (or correct) which relieves all the co-exciting diseases without exciting any of them.j- 2 3

One disease may be the cause of many, or one may be the cause of one, or many may be the cause of one, or many the cause many. 24 Thus, from one cause, viz., dryness, may spring fever, vertigo, delirium, and other diseases : also from one cause, viz., dryness, may spring only one disease, viz., fever. 25

From also many causes may spring one disease, as fever from dryness and other causes ; so from many causes, viz., dryness and the rest, may spring many diseases such as fever and others. 26

Sometimes one symptom belongs to many diseases ; also one symptom belongs to one disease.

Many symtoms, again, are manifested by one disease ; also many symptoms are manifested by many diseases. 27

Thus of many diseases that spring from abnormal practices, fever is regarded as one (common) symptom.

Further, of one disease, viz., fever, only heat is said to be the one symptom. 28 f The last clause of the last line is exceedingly terse. I expand it slightly in the trans¬ lation, for bringing out its sense clearly. — T.

* It seems that 21 is a repetition of 20. The statements made in 20, are only repeated in a clearer form in 21. — T.

IOIO

CHARAKA-SAMHITA.

Thus, again, one disease, viz., fever, is distinguished by many symptoms which belong to many (that is, all those) diseases that spring from abnormal practices.

Lastly, many (that is, all the above-mentioned) symptoms charac¬ terise many diseases such as fever, asthma, hiccup, and others.* 29 Of many diseases the method of alleviation is one ; so one method of alleviation is applicable to one disease.

Of one disease there are many methods of alleviation ; also of many diseases many are the methods of alleviation. 3°

The (one) alleviative of all those diseases which spring from (de¬ rangements of) the ‘amagaya,’ is (the observance of) fast. 3*

Then, of one disease, such as fever, there is one alleviative, viz., fast. 32

Also, of one disease, such as fever, there are many alleviatives, viz., light food and such, others.

The same are the alleviatives of (many diseases, such as) fever, cough, hiccup, and similar other diseases. 33

That disease is (called) easily curable which is cured within a brief space of time and with easy means.

That disease is (called) curable with difficulty which needs for its cure much effort and a long time. 34

That disease is (called) suppressible, which is never completely eradicated. It falls under the class Incurable.

That, again, is termed exceedingly incurable which baffles all sorts of treatment. Such a disease should not be treated by the physician.-)- 35