Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

x. Gangadhara takes it to mean a variety of 1 Parnasa ’ or Tulasi, that is, Ocimum sanctum, Linn. Others take it as implying the well-known market vegetable called ‘ Karala ’ or ‘ Uchche', both being of the same genus and species. It is the Momordica charantia, Linn. By Sushuvi is sometimes meant 1 Sha-jira ’ or Carum carni, Linn, y. Tinospora cordifolia, Miers ; syn. Menispermum cordifolium, Willd.

5. Gangadhara takes it to mean a white variety of Khadira or Accacia Catechu, Linn ; syn. Mimosa Catechu, Linn.

a. Plumbago zeylanica, Linn, b. Otherwise called Qatamuli, Asparagus racemosus, Willd.

c. Otherwise called Vyaghri. A variety of Plumbago zeylanica.

d. Moringa pterygosperma, Gaertn ; syn. Hyperanthera moringa, Willd.

CHA R A RA-SA M HI TA .

As also of the following : —

Madhu ( e ), Madhuka (/), Kovidiira (g) KarvudSra (A\ Nipa ( t ), Nichula (/), Vimbi ( k ), £anapushpi (/), SadSpushpi ( m ), and Pratyakpushpi ( n ).

As also of the following : —

El5 (o), Harenu (/>), Priyangu ( q ), Prithwika (r\ Kustumvuru (s), Tagara (t), Nalada ( u ), Hrivera ( v ), Tali9a (w), and Ufira ( x).

f. Liquorice.

g. Otherwise called KSnchana. The white variety is used. Bauhinia acuminata, Linn.

h. Otherwise called Raktakanchana. The red variety of the above.

*. Otherwise called Kadamva. Nauclea cadamha, Roxb.

j. Otherwise called Hijjala. Barriningtonia acutangula, Gaertn ; syn. Eugenia acutangula, Linn.

k. Coccinea Indica, W. A. ; syn. Momordica monodelpha, Roxb, l. Crotalaria Verrucosa, Linn.

m. GangSdhara takes it to mean the Raktarka, or the red variety of Arka. Calatropis gigantea or procera, R. Br. ; syn. Asclepias gigantea, Willd.

n. Gangadhara takes it to mean Apamarga. Achyranthes aspera, Linn.

o. Ellettaria cardamomum, of the larger variety.

p. Otherwise called Renuka ; probably, Piper aurantiacum, Wall.

q. Aglaia Roxburghiana, W. A.

r. Elettaria cardamomum of the smaller variety, j. Coriandrum sativum, Linn.

t. Tabernamontana Coronaria, Linn.

u. Otherwise called Jatamansi; Nardostachys Jatamansi, D. C.

v. Pavonia odorata, Willd. tv. Pinus Webbiana, Lindl.

x. Andropogon muricatum, Retz. The root only is called U?ira.

CHARAKA-SAMHITA

p. 619

As also of the following: —

Iksbu (a), Kandekshu (6), Ikshuvalika (c), Darbha(d(), Potagala ( e ), and Kalankata (/).

As also of the following: —

Sumanas ( g ), Saumanasayini (h), HaridrS (z), Daruharidrii (/), Vrischira (k), Punarnava (/), Mahasaha ( m ), and Kshudrasaha ( n ).

a. Saccharum officinarum, Linn.

b. Otherwise called Kasa. Saccharum spontaneum, Linn.

c. Called in Bengali, Khankra. A variety of the above.

d. Otherwise called Ulu. The roots only are taken. Saccharum cylindrie. Gangadhara has PotSgala in the text, but Patola in the notes. Chakrap£ni takes it to mean Hogala (the common reed called Hogla in Bengali). The “Ayurvedartha Chandika” explains it as a variety of reed, identical with Khankra. It is a variety of Saccharum.

f. Gangadhara’s text is evidently incorrect. He has ‘ Tagara ' as the last plant but one in this group, while he reads ‘Kalankata’ as ‘Kalakrita’, taking ‘kala’

as the equivalent of ‘krishna Aguru’, and ‘krita’ as forming a part of the succeed¬ ing word ‘kashaya’. This is evidently incorrect. We have the authority of Chakrapani for it. The latter reads ‘ Kalankata ’ and takes it as the name of a well-known plant, known as ' Kalkasunde ’ in Bengal. “Ayurvedartha Chandrika ” explains Kalankata as the same as Kasamarda or KalkSsunde, viz., Cassia Sephora, Linn.

g. Otherwise called Maiatipushpa, as explained by Gangadhara. Echites caryophyllata, Roxb.

h. The correct reading is ‘ Saumanasayini ' and not ‘ Saumanasyslyini ’. “ Ayurvedartha Chandrika ” explains that the former stands for the Jati flower, i. e., Jasminum grandiflorum, Linn. The Hindi name of this flower is Chameli.

i. Circuma longa, Roxb.

j. Berberis Asiatica, D. C.

k. The white variety of Bcerhavia diffusa, Linn.

l. Bcerhavia diffusa, Linn, (The red variety is so called).

m. Otherwise called Mashaparni. Teramus labialis, Spreng ; syn. Glycine debilis, Roxb.

n. Otherwise called Mudgaparni. Phaseolus trilobus, Ait.

6ao

CHAR A KA • SA M HIT A.

As also of the following

£alamali (a), ^Slmalaka (5), Bhadraparni (c), ElSparni (cf), Upodika ( e ), Uddalaka ( /), Dhanwana (g), Rajadani (h), Upachitr& (t), Gopi {/), and £ringatika ( k ).

Infusions of

Pippali ( / ), Pippalimula (m), Chavya (»), Chitraka (o), £ringavera ( p ), Sarshapa (y), Phanita (r), Kshira (j), Ksh3ra (^), and Lavana (»).

a. Bombax Malabaricum, D. C. The root is used .

b. Another name for Mocharasa, i. e., the gum of Bombax Malabaricum . This is how Gangadhara explains the word. Chakrapani, a more reliable authority, takes it to mean Rohitaka, t. e., Amoora Rohituka, W and A. ; syn. Andersonia Rohituka, Roxb.

c. Otherwise called GambhUri. Gmelina arborea, Linn.

d. Chakrapani explains it as Rasna, i. e. ; Vanda Roxburghii, R. Br.; syn. Cymbidium tessaloides, Roxb. “ Ayurvedartha Chandrika ” explains Elaparni as the plant called in Bengali ‘ Kanta Amrul.’ Gangadhara takes it as another name of Hastiparni, or the plant called Kankura in Bengal.