Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna
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The translator’s English as printed (Avinash Chandra Kaviratna). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
He should be devotedly attached to both the theory and practice (of medicine).!
He should be free from cupidity.
He should be without sloth.
He should seek the good of all creatures.
He should be prepared to obey all the commands of his preceptor.
He should be attached (to his preceptor).
One adorned with such qualifications has been declared to be worthy of acceptance as a pupil.
Unto one that is adorned with such qualifications, when he has presented himself for acceptance as a pupil, and when he is prepared to serve his preceptor steadily and for a long time,, the preceptor should say as follows.6
When the sun is in his northern course, during the lighted fortnight, on an auspicious day, when the holy Chandramas is in conjunction with any of these asterisms, viz., Tishya, Hasta, ^ravana, and the twin A?winis
* Certain habits and acts go by the name of 1 Vyasana.’ They are hunt¬ ing, gambling with dice, sleep during day time, speaking ill of others, infatua¬ tion for women, excessive addiction to- singing, dancing, and instrumental music, purposeless sauntering, and others of a similar nature. The Hindu Scriptures abound with exhortations to avoid them. In the case, especially, of a Brahmacharin (pupil. living in the house of his preceptor), their avoidance is doubly in¬ cumbent. — T.
•j- I. e., he should not only be fond of studying Medical Science, but should also like to follow his master for observing his practice. — T.
| Tishya (or Tishya) is otherwise called Pushya. It is the eighth asterism. Hasta (or Hasta) is the thirteenth asterism. Cravana (or Cravana) is the twenty-second asterism ; and the Ascwins are the fir asterism. These are regarded as auspicious asterisms. — T.
ChlAR A KA SA M HI 7' A.
55'
when the holy Chandramas is in an auspicious Karana, and when the Muhurta is friendly (favourable), having fasted, having shaved off the hair of his head, attired in robes steeped in red-chalk, equipt with (sacred) fuel, fire, ghee, unguents (such as sandal-paste), water-pots, and perfumes of various kinds, as also garlands of flowers, a lamp, gold, ornaments of gold, silver, gems, pearls, corals, and silken cloths, also with blades of sacred grass, fried paddy, mustard seeds, rice-grains prepared with the aid of solar heat (instead of boiling), also a quantity of white flowers, both loose and strung together in wreaths, also some clean articles of diet, and perfumes pasted and otherwise, do tliou come ! The disciple should do as he is commanded.7 Ascertaining that he has come, the preceptor should select a level and pure plot of ground that is slightly inclined towards the east or towards the north. It should be a square, every side of which should measure one cubit. This plot is to be used for igniting the homo, fire. It should be rubbed over with cowdung and water. Blades of sacred grass should then be laid over it, and on four sides four well-marked boundaries should be drawn. The sides should be adorned with sandal-paste, water-pots, silken cloths, ornaments of gold, (unmade) gold, silver,, gems, pearls, and corals, and also with clean articles of diet, perfumes, white flowers, fried paddy, mustard seeds, and sundried rice. Upon that piece of ground a fire should be ignited with fuel of Palana ( a ) or Ingudi ( b ), or Udumvara c), or Madhuki d).
He should sit with face turned eastwards, having purified him¬ self by a bath or other rites). He should then pour thrice three libations of honey and ghee on the fire according to the ordinances prescribed for pupils entering on a course of study.*
(a.) Butea frondosa, Roub.
(b.) Balanites Roxburghii., syn. Ximenia JEgyptiaca, Roxb.
(e.) Ficus glomerata., Willd, syn. Covellia glomerata, Miq.
(d.) Bassia latifolia, Roxb.
* The libations to be poured have reference to Bhu, Bhuva, and Swah, the three great vyShritis. Three to each of these would make nine in all. — T.
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_ _ Du 1H Octo. (iu 15 Avril 1-901 _
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17545 59, rue Madamep. 552 charaka-samhitA.
After this, he should, uttering the prescribed mantras with prayers, pour libations unto Brahman (the Grandsire of the universe), the deity of fire, Dhanwantari (the celestial physician who came out of the Ocean when it was churned by the deities and the Asuras),f the Lord of creation (Daksha), the twin Agwins, Indra, and those Rishis who have been authors of aphorisms (re¬ lating to the Science of Life).
The preceptor should first utter the above mantras , saying Swdhd. The disciple should follow him (in uttering the mantras and pouring the libations).
Having poured the libations, he should cricumambulate the fire, keeping it on his right side.
After the circumambulation, he should cause a number of Brahmanas to pronounce benedictions (upon him).J
Lastly, he should worship a number of physicians (by making respectful salutations unto them, or bestowing gifts upon them.)8
The preceptor should, in the presence of the fire, in the presence of the Brahmanas, and in the presence of the physicians, command the pupil in these words : —
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