Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna

In consequence of its heat, they in whose constitutions bile predominates become incapable of bearing heat (of any kind) ; their bodies are dry, delicate, and void of filth; they become en¬ dued with a very large number of freckles, dark spots on the cheek, moles, and the eruptions called Pidaka ; they become endued

*1. e., they are not characterised by great activity, nor do they take a large measure of food ; their sports, again, are not active. — T.

j-Chakrapani explains that ‘Saragati’ implies 'an incapacity to trip, or fall down;’ ‘adhishthitagati’ implies a treading with the entire soles of the feet. ‘Avasthitagati’ implies slowness of tread, — T.

$ ‘Dosha,’ the last word of the compound, is explained by Gangadhara as meaning the diseases that spring from the excitement of the faults.— T.

§‘Prasanna-darcana’ implies either as endued with cheerful expression, or as agreeable to behold. In either case, it implies loveliness. — T.

$ Some texts read ‘cantah’ after ‘ojaswinah.’ I adopt it in the version given above. — T.

p. 596

CHAR A KA.Sa MHITA.

with keenness of hunger and thirst; they soon become subject to wrinkles, gray hair, and baldness ; and their faults are quickly excited;* their beards, bristles, and hair; become soft, sparse, and of a tawny hue. In consequence of its keenness, they in whose constitution the bile predominates become persons of keen prowess; their digestive power becomes keen ; they eat and drink copiously ; they become incapable of bearing pain ; and quarrelsome or prone to mischief. In consequence of its liquid character, their joints and flesh become loose and soft, and their perspiration and dis¬ charge of urine and stools become copious. In consequence of its being endued with the scent of raw meat, their breasts, armpits, mouth, head, and the whole bo dy, have a foetid smell in conse¬ quence of its pungency, with sourness ; their vital seed is scanty ; they indulge sparingly in sexual congress ; and the number of children they have is small.

In consequence of their being endued with these attributes, persons in whose constitutions the bile predominates, acquire mediocre strength and a mediocre period of life ; they become po¬ ssessed of knowledge, wisdom, wealth, and all sorts of valuable possessions.11*

The Wind, without doubt, is dry, light, restless, copious, fastmoving, cool, rough, and transparent.

In consequence of its dryness, persons in whose constitutions the wind predominates, become endued with bodies that are dry, lean, and small-sized. Their voice always becomes harsh, weak, broken, indistinct, and uncontinuous.* Such men are wakeful (that is, they do not sleep long or soundly).

f ‘Doshcih’ here may be taken as referring to wrinkles, &c that precede the word. But following Gângadharas explanation of the word as it occurs in the previous aphorism, it should be taken as implying the faults i. e. wind, bile, and phlegm. — T.

* ‘Pratata’ is ‘always’ or ‘generally.’ ‘Sakta,’ as applied to voice, means I ‘avyakta,’ that is, indistinct. Chakrapani takes it as the equivalent of ‘baddha,’ that is, choked. ‘Jarjjarita,’ is explained as asamhata,' that is, not continuous. Hence, asthmatic. — T.

CHA RARA-SAMHITA

p. 597

In consequence of its lightness, their motions, exertions, food, and practices are light and quick *

In consequence of its restlessness (unsteadiness), their joints, eyes, eyebrows, cheeks, lips, tongues, heads, shoulders, hands, and feet, become restless. t

In consequence of its copiousness, they talk much, atld their arteries, large and small, including the five branches and extensions, are too many.

In consequence of its speed, they are hasty in all their under¬ takings ; they are soon agitated ; their minds change quickly, they are soon inspired with fear ; they are hasty in their likes and dislikes; they succeed in understanding as soon as they hear but their memory is not tenacious J

In consequence of its coolness, they are unable to bear cold. They are exceedingly susceptible to cold, shivering, and stupour.

In consequence of its roughness, their hair, beards, bristles, nails, teeth, face, hands, feet, and other limbs become rough.

In consequence of its transparency, their limbs become suscep¬ tible of bursting, and their joints creak when they walk or stand up or sit down.f!