Charaka-Samhita — trans. Kaviraj Avinash Chandra Kaviratna
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The translator’s English as printed (Avinash Chandra Kaviratna). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
Towards the close of the day he feels feverish ; his mouth becomes dry ; his breathing becomes difficult or obstructed ; his hair stands on end. When the pain is predominant, the following ailments super¬ vene : enlargement of spleen, rumbling noise in the stomach, noises in the intestines, indigestion, flatulence, langour of the body, wry¬ neck, intense pain in the head and the temples, and swelling of the testicles.
The skin, nails, eyes, face, urine and stools, become dark or red, and rough.
* ‘Mahagrota’ is, literally, a large duct, such as the ‘Grahanl,’ &c. t ‘Pindita’ is, literally, disposed in the form of a ‘pinda’ or ball. Here it implies that the wind assumes a globular and condensed form.
‘Gulma’ literally means, according to Susruta, a shrub, with a round top.
The condensed wind comes to be called ‘Gulma’ because of the globular form it takes. _ T.
CHARAKA-SAMHITA.
p. 953
By exposing oneself to such causes as originate the disease, the disease increases in intensity, while by avoiding them, one shakes it off and gets cured. 7
Of one who is afflicted by the same causes of waste, the bile also, along with the wind, becomes excited in consequence of eating food that is sour, or saline, or pungent, or consisting of alkaline ashes, or of keen virtues, or dry, or of drinking wines that are vitiated, or of taking green (or unripe) fruits of sour taste, or such potherbs and rice and meat as cause a burning sensation, or of eating at a time when the food previously taken has not been digested, or of the ‘amagaya’ becoming dry, or of using emetics and purgatives copiously, or of suppressing the urgings of stools and urine, or of exposyre to the sun or fire. 3
The wind, condensing the excited bile in a particular part of the ‘amagaya’, generates those very kinds of pain which have been men¬ tioned while we were speaking of wind-born ‘Gulma.’
The (excited) bile burns the patient in the abdomen, the heart, the thorax, and the throat.
The patient, burning the while, throws out acid eructations which seem to be vapoury.
The seat of the ‘Gulma’ seems to him to burn, and ache, and reek, and smoulder, and perspires and becomes sticky.
Further, losing its compactness, the seat of the pain seems to relax. It becomes so sensitive that it cannot be touched without pain. Partial horripilation also appears.
Fever, vertigo, burning, thirst, dryness of the throat, the palate, and the mouth, swoons, sudden and copious purging, are seen to supervene,
The skin, the nails, the eyes, the face, the urine, and the stools become green or yellow.
By exposure to causes which generate the disease, it increases in intensity ; while the opposite course of action alleviates it.
This is about bile-born ‘Gulma.’* 9
Of a person afflicted by the causes of waste already mentioned,
* This passage, like that marked 7, is vitiated by many incorrect readings. Gangadhara’s ;t has been carefully revised. I have followed it without differing from it in any place. — T.
p. 954
CHARAKA-SA MH1 TA.
the phlegm becomes excited along with the wind in consequence of eating to excess, or of eating foocl that is excessively oily, or heavy, or sweet, or cold, qr of indulgence in cakes, or in food consisting of sugarcane, or milk, or the seeds of Phaseolus radiatus , or sesame seeds, or treacle, transformed, or of drinking wines to excess, or of taking to excess green or unripe fruits and vegetables, or of eating to excess the meat of aquatic animals, or those living in marshy regions, or those' that are domesticated and that live, therefore, in villages and inhabited places, or of suppressing the urgings of stools and urine, or of drinking a copious quantity of water after one has eaten be¬ yond the measure of gratification or of violent shocking of the body (after a full meal) owing to riding on horses or camels, or springless cars and vehicles, &c.* 10 The wind, condensing the excited phlegm in a particular part of the ‘amagaya,’ generates all those pains of diverse , kinds which have been spoken of in wind-born ‘Gulma.’ u
The excited phlegm generates in the person the following, viz., the cold fever,f disgust for food, indigestion, relaxation and langour of the body, horripilation, diseases of the chest, vomiting, drowsiness and sleep, sloth, a sensation of the body covered with a piece of wet cloth or blanket, heaviness of the limbs, and heat in the head. 12
Further (it should be observed that), phlegm-born ‘Gulma’ is characterised by these particular features, viz., immobility, heaviness, hardness, and utter insensibility to touch!
When it is aggravated, the excited phlegm generates asthma, cough, or bronchitis, catarrh, in the nose, and phthisis.
It also causes whiteness of the skin, the nails, the eyes, the face, the urine, and the stools.
* This passage, like the preceding ones, is disfigured by any incorrect readings. ‘Aganat’, and not ‘Aganan’, is correct. ‘Snigdha’ is preceded by ‘ati.’ ‘Vikriti’ is connected with all the preceding words, except, perhaps, ‘pishta.’ ‘Suhita’ means one that has eaten beyond the measure of gratification ; that is,, one that has gorged oneself. — T.
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