Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
118. When we speak of ‘a superior man’ we intend chiefly his virtue. The virtue perfect and his instructions honoured; his instructions honoured and the (various) officers correct; the officers correct and order maintained in the state :—these things give the ideal of a ruler’. 1 The Khien-lung editors seem to say that ‘the Grand tutor’ and ‘the assistant tutor,’ who had the charge of the young prince from his infancy, must have been ladies of the harem; so that, in fact, the government of a ruler’s household was regulated after the model of the government of the state in his maturer years. There are no materials to illustrate the duties of the ministers who are called ‘ the f and the KAang.’ 2 Wf Kh&ing thinks that the first three characters here should be translated— The superior man (Xtin-3ze) says;’ a sequel to ‘The history says’ of the preceding paragraph. He then proposes to suppress one of the virtues ( that follow. But the structure of the whole will not admit this way of dealing with it. There is a play on the characters rendered ‘a superior man’ and ‘a ruler,’—Ktn-jze (A F) and Kin (F); like our English ‘a noble man’ and ‘a noble,’ ‘a princely man’ and ‘a prince.’ SECT. I. WAN WANG SHIH 8ZE. 351 19. Kung-nt said, ‘Formerly, when the duke of 4u was administering the government, he did so while he (continued to) go up by the eastern steps. He (also) set forth the rules for a crown prince in (his dealing with) Po-4/in, and it was thus that he secured the excellence of king Aang. I have heard it said, ‘“ A minister will sacrifice himself to benefit his ruler, and how much more will he swerve from the ordinary course to secure his excellence!” This was what the duke of K4u did with ease and unconcern. 20. ‘ Therefore he who knows how to show himself what a son should be can afterwards show himself what a father should be; he who knows how to show himself what a minister should be can afterwards show himself what a ruler should be ; he who knows how to serve others can afterwards employ them. King Aang, being quite young, could not discharge the duties of the government. He had no means of learning how to show himself what the crown prince should be?. On this account the rules for a crown prince were exhibited in (the treatment of) Po-£4in, and he was made to live with the young king that the latter might thus understand all that was right between father and son, ruler and minister, elders and youngers®*.’ 1 His father being dead. ? With reference to this paragraph, which, he thinks, appears here as from Confucius, Wi KA&ng says:—‘ When king WA died, Khing was quite young. (His uncles of) Kwan and 3hai sent their reports abroad, and the people of Yin planned their rebellion. Then the duke of Xu left the capital, and dwelt in the east, and Po-A4in went to his jurisdiction, and defeated the people of Hsti and the Zung. Three years afterwards the duke of 352 THE Li xt. BK. VI.
2Then the duke of Xu left the capital, and dwelt in the east, and Po-A4in went to his jurisdiction, and defeated the people of Hsti and the Zung. Three years afterwards the duke of 352 THE Li xt. BK. VI. 21. Take the case of the sovereign and his son and heir. Looked at from the standpoint of affection, the former is father ; from that of honour, he is ruler. If the son can give the affection due to the father, and the honour due to the ruler, hereafter he will (be fit to) be the lord of all under the sky. On this account the training of crown princes ought to be most carefully attended to. 22. It is only in the case of the crown prince that by the doing of one thing three excellent things are realised; and it is with reference to his taking his place in the schools according to his age that this is spoken. Thus it is that when he takes his place in them in this way, the people observing it, one will say, ‘He is to be our ruler, how is it that he gives place to us in the matter of years?’ and it will be replied, ‘While his father is alive, it is the rule that Ku returned, took the regency and made his expedition to the east,—it was impossible for KAang and Po-ssin to be always together. Perhaps the duke made them keep so, while king WA was alive ; and the account in the text was an erroneous tradition.’ To this the Khien-lung editors reply :—‘ Immediately on the death of king WA, the duke of A4&u must have adopted the method described in the text. Th4i Kung was Grand master; the duke of Shao, Grand guardian; and the duke of A4u himself Grand tutor. They, no doubt, made Po-éhin, Kin KAan, Li Xi, Wangsun Mau, and others associate with the young king. In the winter of his first year, the duke removed to the eastern capital, while the other two continued in their places, and Po-ssin was daily with X/ang, and there was no change in the rules for a son and heir. Next year happened the storm which changed the king’s views about the duke, who returned to the court. The third year saw the removal of the people of Yen, and Po-&4in proceeded to his jurisdiction in LQ. But by this time king KASng’s virtue and ability were matured. Wii's objections to the ordinary view of the text are without foundation.’ SECT. II. WAN WANG SHIH 8ZE, 353
3The third year saw the removal of the people of Yen, and Po-&4in proceeded to his jurisdiction in LQ. But by this time king KASng’s virtue and ability were matured. Wii's objections to the ordinary view of the text are without foundation.’ SECT. II. WAN WANG SHIH 8ZE, 353 he should do so.’ Thus all will understand the right course as between father and son. A second will make the same remark, and put the same question ; and it will be replied, ‘While the ruler is alive, it is the rule that he should do so;’ and thus all will understand the righteousness that should obtain between ruler and minister. To a third putting the same question it will be said, ‘He is giving to his elders what is due to their age;’ and thus all will understand the observances that should rule between young and old. Therefore, while his father is alive, he is but a son; and, while his ruler is alive, he may be called merely a minister. Occupying aright the position of son and minister is the way in which he shows the honour due to a ruler and the affection due to a father. He is thus taught the duties between father and son, between ruler and minister, between old and young ; and when he has become master of all these, the state will be well governed. The saying, ‘Music's Director the foundation lays ; The Master this doth to perfection raise. Let him but once the great and good be taught, And all the states are to correctness brought,’ finds its application in the case of the heir-son. 23. So much for the duke of K4u’s going up by the eastern steps. Section II. 1. The Shfi-3ze!, who had the direction of the (other) members of the royal and princely families, * See Book XLIV, paragraph 1, and note. The Shfi-3ze or X@ze belonged to the department of the Sze-m4. They were two,— Great officers of the third grade; and under them thirty assistants, —officers and employés. The superintendents of the Lists in next (27] Aa 354 THE Lf xi. BK. VI. inculcated on them filial piety and fraternal duty, harmony and friendship, and kindly consideration ; illustrating the righteousness that should prevail between father and son, and the order to be observed between elders and juniors. 2. When they appeared at court, if it were at a reception in the innermost (courtyard of the palace), they took their places, facing the east, those of the most honourable rank among them, as ministers, being to the north (of the others); but they were arranged according to their age. If it were a reception in the outer (and second courtyard), they were arranged according to their offices ;—(as in the former case), by the superintendents of the official lists.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
118. When we speak of ‘a superior man’ we intend chiefly his virtue. The virtue perfect and his instructions honoured; his instructions honoured and the (various) officers correct; the officers correct and order maintained in the state :—these things give the ideal of a ruler’. 1 The Khien-lung editors seem to say that ‘the Grand tutor’ and ‘the assistant tutor,’ who had the charge of the young prince from his infancy, must have been ladies of the harem; so that, in fact, the government of a ruler’s household was regulated after the model of the government of the state in his maturer years. There are no materials to illustrate the duties of the ministers who are called ‘ the f and the KAang.’ 2 Wf Kh&ing thinks that the first three characters here should be translated— The superior man (Xtin-3ze) says;’ a sequel to ‘The history says’ of the preceding paragraph. He then proposes to suppress one of the virtues ( that follow. But the structure of the whole will not admit this way of dealing with it. There is a play on the characters rendered ‘a superior man’ and ‘a ruler,’—Ktn-jze (A F) and Kin (F); like our English ‘a noble man’ and ‘a noble,’ ‘a princely man’ and ‘a prince.’ SECT. I. WAN WANG SHIH 8ZE. 351 19. Kung-nt said, ‘Formerly, when the duke of 4u was administering the government, he did so while he (continued to) go up by the eastern steps. He (also) set forth the rules for a crown prince in (his dealing with) Po-4/in, and it was thus that he secured the excellence of king Aang. I have heard it said, ‘“ A minister will sacrifice himself to benefit his ruler, and how much more will he swerve from the ordinary course to secure his excellence!” This was what the duke of K4u did with ease and unconcern. 20. ‘ Therefore he who knows how to show himself what a son should be can afterwards show himself what a father should be; he who knows how to show himself what a minister should be can afterwards show himself what a ruler should be ; he who knows how to serve others can afterwards employ them. King Aang, being quite young, could not discharge the duties of the government. He had no means of learning how to show himself what the crown prince should be?. On this account the rules for a crown prince were exhibited in (the treatment of) Po-£4in, and he was made to live with the young king that the latter might thus understand all that was right between father and son, ruler and minister, elders and youngers®*.’ 1 His father being dead. ? With reference to this paragraph, which, he thinks, appears here as from Confucius, Wi KA&ng says:—‘ When king WA died, Khing was quite young. (His uncles of) Kwan and 3hai sent their reports abroad, and the people of Yin planned their rebellion. Then the duke of Xu left the capital, and dwelt in the east, and Po-A4in went to his jurisdiction, and defeated the people of Hsti and the Zung. Three years afterwards the duke of 352 THE Li xt. BK. VI.
2Then the duke of Xu left the capital, and dwelt in the east, and Po-A4in went to his jurisdiction, and defeated the people of Hsti and the Zung. Three years afterwards the duke of 352 THE Li xt. BK. VI. 21. Take the case of the sovereign and his son and heir. Looked at from the standpoint of affection, the former is father ; from that of honour, he is ruler. If the son can give the affection due to the father, and the honour due to the ruler, hereafter he will (be fit to) be the lord of all under the sky. On this account the training of crown princes ought to be most carefully attended to. 22. It is only in the case of the crown prince that by the doing of one thing three excellent things are realised; and it is with reference to his taking his place in the schools according to his age that this is spoken. Thus it is that when he takes his place in them in this way, the people observing it, one will say, ‘He is to be our ruler, how is it that he gives place to us in the matter of years?’ and it will be replied, ‘While his father is alive, it is the rule that Ku returned, took the regency and made his expedition to the east,—it was impossible for KAang and Po-ssin to be always together. Perhaps the duke made them keep so, while king WA was alive ; and the account in the text was an erroneous tradition.’ To this the Khien-lung editors reply :—‘ Immediately on the death of king WA, the duke of A4&u must have adopted the method described in the text. Th4i Kung was Grand master; the duke of Shao, Grand guardian; and the duke of A4u himself Grand tutor. They, no doubt, made Po-éhin, Kin KAan, Li Xi, Wangsun Mau, and others associate with the young king. In the winter of his first year, the duke removed to the eastern capital, while the other two continued in their places, and Po-ssin was daily with X/ang, and there was no change in the rules for a son and heir. Next year happened the storm which changed the king’s views about the duke, who returned to the court. The third year saw the removal of the people of Yen, and Po-&4in proceeded to his jurisdiction in LQ. But by this time king KASng’s virtue and ability were matured. Wii's objections to the ordinary view of the text are without foundation.’ SECT. II. WAN WANG SHIH 8ZE, 353
3The third year saw the removal of the people of Yen, and Po-&4in proceeded to his jurisdiction in LQ. But by this time king KASng’s virtue and ability were matured. Wii's objections to the ordinary view of the text are without foundation.’ SECT. II. WAN WANG SHIH 8ZE, 353 he should do so.’ Thus all will understand the right course as between father and son. A second will make the same remark, and put the same question ; and it will be replied, ‘While the ruler is alive, it is the rule that he should do so;’ and thus all will understand the righteousness that should obtain between ruler and minister. To a third putting the same question it will be said, ‘He is giving to his elders what is due to their age;’ and thus all will understand the observances that should rule between young and old. Therefore, while his father is alive, he is but a son; and, while his ruler is alive, he may be called merely a minister. Occupying aright the position of son and minister is the way in which he shows the honour due to a ruler and the affection due to a father. He is thus taught the duties between father and son, between ruler and minister, between old and young ; and when he has become master of all these, the state will be well governed. The saying, ‘Music's Director the foundation lays ; The Master this doth to perfection raise. Let him but once the great and good be taught, And all the states are to correctness brought,’ finds its application in the case of the heir-son. 23. So much for the duke of K4u’s going up by the eastern steps. Section II. 1. The Shfi-3ze!, who had the direction of the (other) members of the royal and princely families, * See Book XLIV, paragraph 1, and note. The Shfi-3ze or X@ze belonged to the department of the Sze-m4. They were two,— Great officers of the third grade; and under them thirty assistants, —officers and employés. The superintendents of the Lists in next (27] Aa 354 THE Lf xi. BK. VI. inculcated on them filial piety and fraternal duty, harmony and friendship, and kindly consideration ; illustrating the righteousness that should prevail between father and son, and the order to be observed between elders and juniors. 2. When they appeared at court, if it were at a reception in the innermost (courtyard of the palace), they took their places, facing the east, those of the most honourable rank among them, as ministers, being to the north (of the others); but they were arranged according to their age. If it were a reception in the outer (and second courtyard), they were arranged according to their offices ;—(as in the former case), by the superintendents of the official lists.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
No commentary for this page.