Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1A hundred It square were equal to 100 spaces of ten lf square, and contained 9,000,000 m4u. A * See note as to the size of the m4u on page 218. SECT. V. THE ROYAL REGULATIONS. 245 thousand If square were equal to roo spaces of 109 If square, and contained 900,000,000 mAu. 19. From mount Hang’ to the southernmost point of the Ho was hardly 1000 If. From that point to the Kiang was hardly tooo If. From the Kiang to mount Hang in the south was more than 1000 If. From the Ho on the east to the eastern sea was more than 1000If. From the Ho on the east to the same river on the west was hardly 1000 If; and from that to the Moving Sands? was more than 1000 If. (The kingdom) did not pass the Moving Sands on the west, nor mount Hang on the south. On the east it did not pass the eastern sea, nor on the north did it pass (the other) mount Hang. All within the four seas, taking the length with the breadth, made up a space of 3000 If square, and contained eighty trillions of mau’. 20. A space of 100 lf square contained ground to the amount of 9,000,000 mau. Hills and mounds, forests and thickets, rivers and marshes, ditches and canals, city walls and suburbs, houses, roads, and 1 See notes on pages 217, 218. I have said below ‘(the other) mount Hang;’ but the names, or characters for the names, of the two mountains are different in Chinese. * What is now called the desert of Gobi. * As it is in the text =80 x 10000 x 100000 xX 10000 x 100000 mau. A translator, if I may speak of others from my own experience, is much perplexed in following and verifying the calculations in this and the other paragraphs before and after it. The Khien-lung editors and Wang Thao use many pages in pointing out the errors of earlier commentators, and establishing the correct results according to their own views, and I have thought it well to content myself with simply giving a translation of the text. 246 THE Lf xi. BK, 11. lanes took up one third of it, leaving 6,000,000 mAu. 21. Anciently, according to the cubit of Ku, eight cubits formed a pace. Now, according to the same, six cubits and four inches make a pace. One hundred ancient mAu were equal to 146 of the present day and thirty paces. One hundred ancient li were equal to 121 of the present day, sixty paces, four cubits, two inches and two-tenths. 22. A space of rooo If square contained 100 spaces of 100 li squareeach. In this were constituted thirty states of 100 lf square, leaving what would have been enough for other seventy of the same size. There were also constituted sixty states of 70 It square, twenty-nine of 100 lf square, and forty spaces of 10 li square; leaving enough for forty states of 100 If square, and sixty spaces of 10 It square. There were also constituted a hundred and twenty states of 50 li square, and thirty of 100 lt square, leaving enough for ten of the same size, and sixty spaces of ro lf square.
2There were also constituted a hundred and twenty states of 50 li square, and thirty of 100 lt square, leaving enough for ten of the same size, and sixty spaces of ro lf square. The famous hills and great meres were not included in the fiefs; and what remained was assigned for attached territories and unoccupied lands. Those unappropriated lands were taken to reward any of the princes of acknowledged merit, and what was cut off from some others (because of their demerit) became unappropriated land. 23. The territory of the son of Heaven, amounting to 1000 If square, contained 100 spaces of 100 li square each. There were constituted nine appanages of 100 If square, leaving ninety-one spaces of the same size. There were also constituted twenty-one SECT. V. THE ROYAL REGULATIONS. 247 appanages of 70 If square, ten of 100 Ii, and twentynine spaces of 10 If square; leaving enough for eighty of 100 If square, and seventy-one of 10 lf. There were further constituted sixty-three appanages of 50 lf square, fifteen of 100 lt, and seventy-five spaces of 10 If, while there still remained enough for sixty-four appanages of 100 If square, and ninety-six spaces of 10 It each. 24. The officers of the lowest grade in the feudal states received salary sufficient to feed nine individuals; those of the second grade, enough to feed eighteen; and those of the highest, enough for thirty-six. A Great officer could feed 72 individuals ; a minister, 288; and the ruler, 2880. In a state of the second class, a minister could feed 216; and the ruler, 2160. A minister of a small state could feed 144 individuals ; and the ruler, 1440. In a state of the second class, the minister who was appointed by its ruler received the same emolument as the minister of a small state. 25. The Great officers of the son of Heaven acted as ‘the three inspectors.’ When they were inspecting a state, their salary was equal to one of its ministers, and their rank was that of a ruler of a state of the second class. Their salaries were derived from the territories under the chiefs of regions’. 26. The chiefs of regions, on occasion of their appearing at the court of the son of Heaven, had cities assigned them for purification? within his domain like those of his officers of the chief grade. 1 See page 212, paragraph 2, and note 1, page 213. ® The text says, ‘Cities for bathing and washing the hair ;’ 248 THE Lf xf. BK. IIT. 27. The(appointed) heir-sons! of the feudal princes inherited their states. Great officers (in the royal domain) did not inherit their rank. They were employed as their ability and character were recognised, and received rank as their merit was proved. Till their rank was conferred (by the king), (the princes) were in the position of his officers of the chief grade, and so they ruled their states. The Great officers of the states did not inherit their rank and emoluments.
3Till their rank was conferred (by the king), (the princes) were in the position of his officers of the chief grade, and so they ruled their states. The Great officers of the states did not inherit their rank and emoluments. 28. The six ceremonial observances were :—capping; marrying; mourning rites; sacrifices; feasts; and interviews. The seven lessons (of morality) were :—(the duties between) father and son; elder brother and younger ; husband and wife; ruler and minister; old and young; friend and friend; host and guest. The eight objects of government were :—food and drink; clothes; business (or, the profession); maintenance of distinctions ; measures of length ; measures of capacity; and definitely assigned rules*. but preparing by mental exercises for appearing before the king is also intimated by the phrase. ? A son, generally the eldest son by the wife proper, had to be recognised by the king before he could be sure of succeeding to his father. ? See page 230, paragraph 1. BOOK IV. THE YUEH LING OR PROCEEDINGS OF GOVERNMENT IN THE DIFFERENT MONTHS. Section I. Part I. 1. In the first month of spring the sun is in Shih, the star culminating at dusk being 3han, and that culminating at dawn Wei?. 2. Its days are £i4 and yt*. ' In this month the conjunction of the sun and moon took place in Shih or a Markab Pegasi. Shan is a constellation embracing Betelguese, Bellatrix, Rigel, y, 8, ¢, ¢, 7, of Orion; and Wei is e, », of Scorpio. Shih is called in the text Ying Shih, ‘the Building Shih,’ because this month was the proper time at which to commence building. * Kia and yf are the first two of the ‘ten heavenly stems,’ which are combined with the ‘twelve earthly branches,’ to form the sixty binomial terms of ‘the cycle of sixty,’ that was devised in a remote antiquity for the registration of successive days, and was subsequently used also in the registration of successive years. The origin of the cycle and of the names of its terms is thus far shrouded in mystery; and also the application of those terms to the various purposes of divination. The five pairs of the stems correspond, in the jargon of mysterious speculation, to the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water, and, as will be seen in this Book, to the seasons of spring, summer, the intermediate centre, autumn, and winter. Whether there be anything more in this short notice than a declaration of this fact, or any indication of the suitableness of ‘the days’ for certain ‘undertakings’ in them, as even the K4ien-lung editors seem to think, I cannot say. 250 THE Lf xf. BK. IV. 3. Its divine ruler is Th4i H4o, and the (attending) spirit is Kau-mang?. 4. Its creatures are the scaly”. 5. Its musical note is Xio, and its pitch-tube is the Thai 3hau. 6. Its number is eight‘; its taste is sour; its smell is rank.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1A hundred It square were equal to 100 spaces of ten lf square, and contained 9,000,000 m4u. A * See note as to the size of the m4u on page 218. SECT. V. THE ROYAL REGULATIONS. 245 thousand If square were equal to roo spaces of 109 If square, and contained 900,000,000 mAu. 19. From mount Hang’ to the southernmost point of the Ho was hardly 1000 If. From that point to the Kiang was hardly tooo If. From the Kiang to mount Hang in the south was more than 1000 If. From the Ho on the east to the eastern sea was more than 1000If. From the Ho on the east to the same river on the west was hardly 1000 If; and from that to the Moving Sands? was more than 1000 If. (The kingdom) did not pass the Moving Sands on the west, nor mount Hang on the south. On the east it did not pass the eastern sea, nor on the north did it pass (the other) mount Hang. All within the four seas, taking the length with the breadth, made up a space of 3000 If square, and contained eighty trillions of mau’. 20. A space of 100 lf square contained ground to the amount of 9,000,000 mau. Hills and mounds, forests and thickets, rivers and marshes, ditches and canals, city walls and suburbs, houses, roads, and 1 See notes on pages 217, 218. I have said below ‘(the other) mount Hang;’ but the names, or characters for the names, of the two mountains are different in Chinese. * What is now called the desert of Gobi. * As it is in the text =80 x 10000 x 100000 xX 10000 x 100000 mau. A translator, if I may speak of others from my own experience, is much perplexed in following and verifying the calculations in this and the other paragraphs before and after it. The Khien-lung editors and Wang Thao use many pages in pointing out the errors of earlier commentators, and establishing the correct results according to their own views, and I have thought it well to content myself with simply giving a translation of the text. 246 THE Lf xi. BK, 11. lanes took up one third of it, leaving 6,000,000 mAu. 21. Anciently, according to the cubit of Ku, eight cubits formed a pace. Now, according to the same, six cubits and four inches make a pace. One hundred ancient mAu were equal to 146 of the present day and thirty paces. One hundred ancient li were equal to 121 of the present day, sixty paces, four cubits, two inches and two-tenths. 22. A space of rooo If square contained 100 spaces of 100 li squareeach. In this were constituted thirty states of 100 lf square, leaving what would have been enough for other seventy of the same size. There were also constituted sixty states of 70 It square, twenty-nine of 100 lf square, and forty spaces of 10 li square; leaving enough for forty states of 100 If square, and sixty spaces of 10 It square. There were also constituted a hundred and twenty states of 50 li square, and thirty of 100 lt square, leaving enough for ten of the same size, and sixty spaces of ro lf square.
2There were also constituted a hundred and twenty states of 50 li square, and thirty of 100 lt square, leaving enough for ten of the same size, and sixty spaces of ro lf square. The famous hills and great meres were not included in the fiefs; and what remained was assigned for attached territories and unoccupied lands. Those unappropriated lands were taken to reward any of the princes of acknowledged merit, and what was cut off from some others (because of their demerit) became unappropriated land. 23. The territory of the son of Heaven, amounting to 1000 If square, contained 100 spaces of 100 li square each. There were constituted nine appanages of 100 If square, leaving ninety-one spaces of the same size. There were also constituted twenty-one SECT. V. THE ROYAL REGULATIONS. 247 appanages of 70 If square, ten of 100 Ii, and twentynine spaces of 10 If square; leaving enough for eighty of 100 If square, and seventy-one of 10 lf. There were further constituted sixty-three appanages of 50 lf square, fifteen of 100 lt, and seventy-five spaces of 10 If, while there still remained enough for sixty-four appanages of 100 If square, and ninety-six spaces of 10 It each. 24. The officers of the lowest grade in the feudal states received salary sufficient to feed nine individuals; those of the second grade, enough to feed eighteen; and those of the highest, enough for thirty-six. A Great officer could feed 72 individuals ; a minister, 288; and the ruler, 2880. In a state of the second class, a minister could feed 216; and the ruler, 2160. A minister of a small state could feed 144 individuals ; and the ruler, 1440. In a state of the second class, the minister who was appointed by its ruler received the same emolument as the minister of a small state. 25. The Great officers of the son of Heaven acted as ‘the three inspectors.’ When they were inspecting a state, their salary was equal to one of its ministers, and their rank was that of a ruler of a state of the second class. Their salaries were derived from the territories under the chiefs of regions’. 26. The chiefs of regions, on occasion of their appearing at the court of the son of Heaven, had cities assigned them for purification? within his domain like those of his officers of the chief grade. 1 See page 212, paragraph 2, and note 1, page 213. ® The text says, ‘Cities for bathing and washing the hair ;’ 248 THE Lf xf. BK. IIT. 27. The(appointed) heir-sons! of the feudal princes inherited their states. Great officers (in the royal domain) did not inherit their rank. They were employed as their ability and character were recognised, and received rank as their merit was proved. Till their rank was conferred (by the king), (the princes) were in the position of his officers of the chief grade, and so they ruled their states. The Great officers of the states did not inherit their rank and emoluments.
3Till their rank was conferred (by the king), (the princes) were in the position of his officers of the chief grade, and so they ruled their states. The Great officers of the states did not inherit their rank and emoluments. 28. The six ceremonial observances were :—capping; marrying; mourning rites; sacrifices; feasts; and interviews. The seven lessons (of morality) were :—(the duties between) father and son; elder brother and younger ; husband and wife; ruler and minister; old and young; friend and friend; host and guest. The eight objects of government were :—food and drink; clothes; business (or, the profession); maintenance of distinctions ; measures of length ; measures of capacity; and definitely assigned rules*. but preparing by mental exercises for appearing before the king is also intimated by the phrase. ? A son, generally the eldest son by the wife proper, had to be recognised by the king before he could be sure of succeeding to his father. ? See page 230, paragraph 1. BOOK IV. THE YUEH LING OR PROCEEDINGS OF GOVERNMENT IN THE DIFFERENT MONTHS. Section I. Part I. 1. In the first month of spring the sun is in Shih, the star culminating at dusk being 3han, and that culminating at dawn Wei?. 2. Its days are £i4 and yt*. ' In this month the conjunction of the sun and moon took place in Shih or a Markab Pegasi. Shan is a constellation embracing Betelguese, Bellatrix, Rigel, y, 8, ¢, ¢, 7, of Orion; and Wei is e, », of Scorpio. Shih is called in the text Ying Shih, ‘the Building Shih,’ because this month was the proper time at which to commence building. * Kia and yf are the first two of the ‘ten heavenly stems,’ which are combined with the ‘twelve earthly branches,’ to form the sixty binomial terms of ‘the cycle of sixty,’ that was devised in a remote antiquity for the registration of successive days, and was subsequently used also in the registration of successive years. The origin of the cycle and of the names of its terms is thus far shrouded in mystery; and also the application of those terms to the various purposes of divination. The five pairs of the stems correspond, in the jargon of mysterious speculation, to the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water, and, as will be seen in this Book, to the seasons of spring, summer, the intermediate centre, autumn, and winter. Whether there be anything more in this short notice than a declaration of this fact, or any indication of the suitableness of ‘the days’ for certain ‘undertakings’ in them, as even the K4ien-lung editors seem to think, I cannot say. 250 THE Lf xf. BK. IV. 3. Its divine ruler is Th4i H4o, and the (attending) spirit is Kau-mang?. 4. Its creatures are the scaly”. 5. Its musical note is Xio, and its pitch-tube is the Thai 3hau. 6. Its number is eight‘; its taste is sour; its smell is rank.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
No commentary for this page.