Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1It is dropt in, in all its brevity, without mention of any proceedings of government, between the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. It has all the appearance of an after-thought, suggested by the superstitious fancies of the compiler. Callery says on it :— ‘This passage can only be comprehended by help of the intimate Affinities which Chinese philosophers have attributed to the different beings of nature. According to them, the four seasons are related to the four cardinal points: spring to the east, summer to the south, autumn to the west, and winter to the north. Each of the cardinal points is related to an element: the east to wood, the south to fire, the west to metal, and the north to water. But as there is a fifth element, that of earth, and the four cardinal points have no reason for being distinguished as they are, but that there is a point in the middle between them, which is still the earth, it follows from this that the earth ought to have its place in the midst of the four seasons, that is, at the point of separation 282 THE Lf xt. BK. Iv. between summer and autumn. Here a difficulty presented itself. The bamboo flutes to which the Chinese months are referred being but twelve, where shall be found the musical affinities of the earth? But the Chinese philosopher did not find himself embarrassed. See how he reasoned. The sound of the first flute, that is, of the longest and largest, is the strongest and most grave, and, like a bass, harmonizes with all the other sounds more acute. So the earth, likewise, is the most important of all the elements; it extends towards all the cardinal points, and intervenes in the products of each season. Hence the earth ought to correspond to the sound of the first flute! These affinities extend to colours, tastes, and a crowd of other categories.’ The KXhien-lung editors say :— ‘Speaking from the standpoint of Heaven, then the earth is in the midst of Heaven; that is, (the element of) earth. Speaking from the standpoint of the Earth, then wood, fire, metal, and water are all supported on it. The manner in which the way of Earth is affected by that of Heaven cannot be described by reference to one point, or one month. Speaking from the standpoint of the heavenly stems, then wf and &i occupy the middle places, and are between the stems for fire and metal, to convey the system of mutual production. Speaking from the standpoint of the “ earthly branches,” the £44n, hsii, 444u, and wi occupy the corners of the four points; wood, fire, metal, and water, all turn to earth. This is what the idea of reciprocal ending, and that of elemental flourishing, arise from. This may be exhibited in the several points, and reckoned by the periods of days. The talk about the elements takes many directions, but the underlying principle comes to be the same!’ I shall be glad if my readers can understand this. SECT. M1. PT. I. THE YUEH LING. 283 Section III. Parr I.
2This may be exhibited in the several points, and reckoned by the periods of days. The talk about the elements takes many directions, but the underlying principle comes to be the same!’ I shall be glad if my readers can understand this. SECT. M1. PT. I. THE YUEH LING. 283 Section III. Parr I. 1. In the first month of autumn, the sun is in Y1; the constellation culminating at dusk being Kienhsing, and that culminating at dawn Pt!. 2. Its days are kang and hsin. 3. Its divine ruler is Sh4o H4o, and the (attending) spirit is Z7Q-shau*® 4. Its creatures are the hairy. 5. Its musical note is Shang; its pitch-tube is {1 3eh’. 6. Its number is nine. Its taste is bitter. Its smell is rank. 7. Its sacrifice is that at the gate; and of the parts of the victim the liver has the foremost place. 8. Cool winds come; the white dew descends? ; the cicada of the cold chirps’. (Young) hawks at this 1 Y{ corresponds to Crater. ien-hsing comprehends stars in Sagittarius (see page 257). Pi corresponds to the Hyades. * Sho H4o follows Hwang Ti, whose eldest son he was, as the fourth in the list of the five Ti, or divine rulers (B.c. 2594). His capital was at KAii-fau, the city of Confucius; and I have seen, at a little distance from it, perhaps the only pyramid in China, which is in memory of him, and said to be on or near his grave. His personal appellation is Xin-thien (} Fi): or Thien-4in, the element to which he and his reign are assigned being 4in, or metal. Zf-sh4u was one of his sons. * f 3eh, ‘the equalization of the Laws,’ is the tube giving the fifth of the upper musical accords. * White dew is a name for hoar-frost. 5 This cicada (Williams thinks the cicada viridis) is called 284 THE Lf xf. BK. IV. time sacrifice birds, as the first step they take to killing (and eating) them". g. The son of Heaven occupies the apartment on the left of the 3ung-4ang (Fane) ; rides in the war chariot, drawn by the white horses with black manes, and bearing the white flag. He is clothed in the white robes, and wears the white jade. He eats hemp-seeds and dog’s flesh. The vessels which he uses are rectangular, and going on to be deep”. 10. In this month there takes place the inauguration of autumn. Three days before the ceremony, the Grand recorder informs the son of Heaven, saying, ‘On such-and-such a day is the inauguration of the autumn. The character of the season is fully seen in metal.’ On this the son of Heaven devotes himself to self-adjustment; and on the day he leads in person the three ducal ministers, the nine high ministers, the princes of states (at court), and his Great officers, to meet the autumn in the western suburb, and on their return he rewards the generalin-chief, and the military officers in the court. 11. The son of Heaven also orders the leaders and commanders to choose men and sharpen weapons, to select and exercise those of distinguished merit, and ‘the dumb.’ Now it begins to chirp. Its colour is ‘ green and red.’
311. The son of Heaven also orders the leaders and commanders to choose men and sharpen weapons, to select and exercise those of distinguished merit, and ‘the dumb.’ Now it begins to chirp. Its colour is ‘ green and red.’ 1 Compare what is said about the otter, page 251. * Zung-A4ang is made out to mean, ‘all bright,’ and the apartment was on the west; with mystical reference to the maturity and gathering of all things in the autumn, or season of the west. The vessels were rectangular, having sharp corners in harmony with the sharp weapons made of metal, to which element the season of autumn is referred; and they were deep, to resemble the deep bosom of the earth, to which things now begin to return. SECT. III. PT. I. THE YUEH LING. 285 to give their entire trust only to men whose services have been proved;—thereby to correct all unrighteousness. (He instructs them also) to make enquiries about and punish the oppressive and insolent;—thereby making it clear whom he loves and whom he hates, and giving effect to (the wishes of) the people, even the most distant from court. 12. Inthis month orders are given to the proper officers to revise the laws and ordinances, to put the prisons in good repair, to provide handcuffs and fetters, to repress and stop villainy, to maintain a watch against crime and wickedness, and to do their endeavour to capture criminals. Orders are (also) given to the managers (of prisons) to look at wounds, examine sores, inspect broken members, and judge particularly of dislocations. The determination of cases, both criminal and civil, must be correct and just. Heaven and earth now begin to be severe ;— there should be no excess in copying that severity, or in the opposite indulgence’. 13. In this month the husbandmen present their grain. The son of Heaven tastes it, while still new, first offering some in the apartment at the back of the ancestral temple. 14. Orders are given to all the officers to begin their collecting and storing the contributions (from 1 For this last sentence Callery has:—‘(Ce mois-ci) la nature commengant 4 devenir rigoureuse, on ne doit pas augmenter (ses rigeurs par l’application de chatiments trop sévéres).’ Wang Tho takes an opposite view. I think I have got the thought that was in the compiler’s mind. See the note of the X/ien-lung editors with reference to the advocacy of it by commentators of ‘the Brief Calendar of Hsia.’ 286 THE Li xt. BK. Iv. the husbandmen); to finish the embankments and dykes ; to look to the dams and fillings up in preparation for the floods, and also to refit all houses ; to strengthen walls and enclosures; and to repair city and suburban walls. 15. In this month there should be no investing of princes, and no appointment of great ministers. There should be no dismemberment of any territory, no sending out on any great commission, and no issuing of great presents.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1It is dropt in, in all its brevity, without mention of any proceedings of government, between the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. It has all the appearance of an after-thought, suggested by the superstitious fancies of the compiler. Callery says on it :— ‘This passage can only be comprehended by help of the intimate Affinities which Chinese philosophers have attributed to the different beings of nature. According to them, the four seasons are related to the four cardinal points: spring to the east, summer to the south, autumn to the west, and winter to the north. Each of the cardinal points is related to an element: the east to wood, the south to fire, the west to metal, and the north to water. But as there is a fifth element, that of earth, and the four cardinal points have no reason for being distinguished as they are, but that there is a point in the middle between them, which is still the earth, it follows from this that the earth ought to have its place in the midst of the four seasons, that is, at the point of separation 282 THE Lf xt. BK. Iv. between summer and autumn. Here a difficulty presented itself. The bamboo flutes to which the Chinese months are referred being but twelve, where shall be found the musical affinities of the earth? But the Chinese philosopher did not find himself embarrassed. See how he reasoned. The sound of the first flute, that is, of the longest and largest, is the strongest and most grave, and, like a bass, harmonizes with all the other sounds more acute. So the earth, likewise, is the most important of all the elements; it extends towards all the cardinal points, and intervenes in the products of each season. Hence the earth ought to correspond to the sound of the first flute! These affinities extend to colours, tastes, and a crowd of other categories.’ The KXhien-lung editors say :— ‘Speaking from the standpoint of Heaven, then the earth is in the midst of Heaven; that is, (the element of) earth. Speaking from the standpoint of the Earth, then wood, fire, metal, and water are all supported on it. The manner in which the way of Earth is affected by that of Heaven cannot be described by reference to one point, or one month. Speaking from the standpoint of the heavenly stems, then wf and &i occupy the middle places, and are between the stems for fire and metal, to convey the system of mutual production. Speaking from the standpoint of the “ earthly branches,” the £44n, hsii, 444u, and wi occupy the corners of the four points; wood, fire, metal, and water, all turn to earth. This is what the idea of reciprocal ending, and that of elemental flourishing, arise from. This may be exhibited in the several points, and reckoned by the periods of days. The talk about the elements takes many directions, but the underlying principle comes to be the same!’ I shall be glad if my readers can understand this. SECT. M1. PT. I. THE YUEH LING. 283 Section III. Parr I.
2This may be exhibited in the several points, and reckoned by the periods of days. The talk about the elements takes many directions, but the underlying principle comes to be the same!’ I shall be glad if my readers can understand this. SECT. M1. PT. I. THE YUEH LING. 283 Section III. Parr I. 1. In the first month of autumn, the sun is in Y1; the constellation culminating at dusk being Kienhsing, and that culminating at dawn Pt!. 2. Its days are kang and hsin. 3. Its divine ruler is Sh4o H4o, and the (attending) spirit is Z7Q-shau*® 4. Its creatures are the hairy. 5. Its musical note is Shang; its pitch-tube is {1 3eh’. 6. Its number is nine. Its taste is bitter. Its smell is rank. 7. Its sacrifice is that at the gate; and of the parts of the victim the liver has the foremost place. 8. Cool winds come; the white dew descends? ; the cicada of the cold chirps’. (Young) hawks at this 1 Y{ corresponds to Crater. ien-hsing comprehends stars in Sagittarius (see page 257). Pi corresponds to the Hyades. * Sho H4o follows Hwang Ti, whose eldest son he was, as the fourth in the list of the five Ti, or divine rulers (B.c. 2594). His capital was at KAii-fau, the city of Confucius; and I have seen, at a little distance from it, perhaps the only pyramid in China, which is in memory of him, and said to be on or near his grave. His personal appellation is Xin-thien (} Fi): or Thien-4in, the element to which he and his reign are assigned being 4in, or metal. Zf-sh4u was one of his sons. * f 3eh, ‘the equalization of the Laws,’ is the tube giving the fifth of the upper musical accords. * White dew is a name for hoar-frost. 5 This cicada (Williams thinks the cicada viridis) is called 284 THE Lf xf. BK. IV. time sacrifice birds, as the first step they take to killing (and eating) them". g. The son of Heaven occupies the apartment on the left of the 3ung-4ang (Fane) ; rides in the war chariot, drawn by the white horses with black manes, and bearing the white flag. He is clothed in the white robes, and wears the white jade. He eats hemp-seeds and dog’s flesh. The vessels which he uses are rectangular, and going on to be deep”. 10. In this month there takes place the inauguration of autumn. Three days before the ceremony, the Grand recorder informs the son of Heaven, saying, ‘On such-and-such a day is the inauguration of the autumn. The character of the season is fully seen in metal.’ On this the son of Heaven devotes himself to self-adjustment; and on the day he leads in person the three ducal ministers, the nine high ministers, the princes of states (at court), and his Great officers, to meet the autumn in the western suburb, and on their return he rewards the generalin-chief, and the military officers in the court. 11. The son of Heaven also orders the leaders and commanders to choose men and sharpen weapons, to select and exercise those of distinguished merit, and ‘the dumb.’ Now it begins to chirp. Its colour is ‘ green and red.’
311. The son of Heaven also orders the leaders and commanders to choose men and sharpen weapons, to select and exercise those of distinguished merit, and ‘the dumb.’ Now it begins to chirp. Its colour is ‘ green and red.’ 1 Compare what is said about the otter, page 251. * Zung-A4ang is made out to mean, ‘all bright,’ and the apartment was on the west; with mystical reference to the maturity and gathering of all things in the autumn, or season of the west. The vessels were rectangular, having sharp corners in harmony with the sharp weapons made of metal, to which element the season of autumn is referred; and they were deep, to resemble the deep bosom of the earth, to which things now begin to return. SECT. III. PT. I. THE YUEH LING. 285 to give their entire trust only to men whose services have been proved;—thereby to correct all unrighteousness. (He instructs them also) to make enquiries about and punish the oppressive and insolent;—thereby making it clear whom he loves and whom he hates, and giving effect to (the wishes of) the people, even the most distant from court. 12. Inthis month orders are given to the proper officers to revise the laws and ordinances, to put the prisons in good repair, to provide handcuffs and fetters, to repress and stop villainy, to maintain a watch against crime and wickedness, and to do their endeavour to capture criminals. Orders are (also) given to the managers (of prisons) to look at wounds, examine sores, inspect broken members, and judge particularly of dislocations. The determination of cases, both criminal and civil, must be correct and just. Heaven and earth now begin to be severe ;— there should be no excess in copying that severity, or in the opposite indulgence’. 13. In this month the husbandmen present their grain. The son of Heaven tastes it, while still new, first offering some in the apartment at the back of the ancestral temple. 14. Orders are given to all the officers to begin their collecting and storing the contributions (from 1 For this last sentence Callery has:—‘(Ce mois-ci) la nature commengant 4 devenir rigoureuse, on ne doit pas augmenter (ses rigeurs par l’application de chatiments trop sévéres).’ Wang Tho takes an opposite view. I think I have got the thought that was in the compiler’s mind. See the note of the X/ien-lung editors with reference to the advocacy of it by commentators of ‘the Brief Calendar of Hsia.’ 286 THE Li xt. BK. Iv. the husbandmen); to finish the embankments and dykes ; to look to the dams and fillings up in preparation for the floods, and also to refit all houses ; to strengthen walls and enclosures; and to repair city and suburban walls. 15. In this month there should be no investing of princes, and no appointment of great ministers. There should be no dismemberment of any territory, no sending out on any great commission, and no issuing of great presents.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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