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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1An elder brother of Kung-sha Ma, by the same mother but a different father, having died, he asked 3ze-yQ (whether he should go into mourning for him), and was answered, ‘ Perhaps you should do so for the period of nine months.’ A brother, similarly related to Tt {, having died, he consulted 3ze-hsid in the same way, and was answered, ‘I have not heard anything about it before, but the people of Lf wear the one year’s mourning in such acase.’ Tt f did so, and the present practice of wearing that mourning arose from his question}. 8. When 3ze-sze’s mother died in Wei, Lid Zo said to him, ‘ You, Sir, are the descendant of a sage. 1 Confucius gives a decision against mourning at all in such a case, excepting it were exceptional,—in the ‘Narratives of the School,’ chapter 10, article 1. 152 THE Lf xt. BK. I. From all quarters they look to you for an example in ceremonies; let me advise you to be careful in the matter.’ 3ze-sze said, ‘Of what have I to be careful? I have heard that when there are certain ceremonies to be observed, and he has not the necessary means for them, a superior man does not observe them, and that neither does he do so, when there are the ceremonies, and he has the means, but the time is not suitable; of what have I to be careful!?’ g. Hsien-3ze So said, ‘I have heard that the ancients made no diminution (in the degrees of mourning on any other ground); but mourned for every one above and below them according to his relationship. Thus Wan, the earl of Thang, wore the year’s mourning for Mang-hd, who was his uncle, and the same for Mang Phi, whose uncle he was.’ 10. Hau M@ said, ‘I heard Hsien-sze say about the rites of mourning, that (a son) should certainly think deeply and long about them all, and that (for instance) in buying the coffin he should see that, inside and outside, it be (equally) well completed. When I die, let it be so also with me?’ II. 3ang-jze said, ‘ Until the corpse has its ornaments put on it, they curtain off the hall; and after the slighter dressing the curtain is removed.’ Aungliang-sze said, ‘ Husband and wife are at first all in 1 Qze-sze’s mother, after his father’s death, had married again into the Shf family of Wei. What mourning was 3ze-sze now to wear for her? Lif’ Zo seems to have apprehended that he would be carried away by his feelings and would do more than was according to rule in such a case. 9ze-sze’s reply to him is not at all explicit. * This record is supposed to be intended to ridicule Hau MQ for troubling himself as he did. SECT. I, PT. HI. THE THAN KUNG. 153 confusion!, and therefore the hall is curtained off. After the slighter dressing, the curtain is removed.’
29ze-sze’s reply to him is not at all explicit. * This record is supposed to be intended to ridicule Hau MQ for troubling himself as he did. SECT. I, PT. HI. THE THAN KUNG. 153 confusion!, and therefore the hall is curtained off. After the slighter dressing, the curtain is removed.’ 12, With regard to the offerings to the dead at the time of the slighter dressing, 3ze-yf said that they should be placed on the east (of the corpse). 34ng- "ze said, ‘They should be placed on the west, on the mat there at the time of the dressing.’ The placing the offerings on the west at the time of the slighter dressing was an error of the later times of La. 13. Hsien-3ze said, ‘To have the mourning robe of coarse dolichos cloth, and the lower garment of fine linen with a wide texture, was not (the way of) antiquity.’ 14. When 3ze-phd died, the wailers called out his name Mieh*, 3ze-k4o said, ‘So rude and uncultivated are they!’ On this they changed their style. 15. At the mourning rites for the mother of TQ Khido no one was employed in the house to assist (the son in the ceremonies), which was accounted a careless omission. 16. The Master said, ‘As soon as a death occurs, (the members of the family) should change their lambskin furs and dark-coloured caps, though they may do nothing more.’ The Master did not pay a visit of condolence in these articles of dress. 17. 3ze-yQ asked about the articles to be provided for the mourning rites, and the Master said, ‘ They should be according to the means of the family.’ ' Settling places for the wailers, &c. But this explanation is deemed unsatisfactory. 2 The name was used only in calling the spirit back immediately after death ; the wailing was a subsequent thing. 154 THE Lf zi. BK. II. 3ze-yd urged, ‘ How can a family that has means and one that has not have things done in the same way?’ “Where there are means,’ was the reply, ‘let there be no exceeding the prescribed rites. If there be a want of means, let the body be lightly covered from head to foot, and forthwith buried, the coffin being simply let down by means of ropes. Who in such a case will blame the procedure?’ 18, Pn, superintendent of officers’ registries, informed 3ze-yQ of his wish to dress his dead on the couch. ‘You may, said 3ze-yQ. When Hsien-jze heard of this, he said, ‘How arrogant is the old gentleman! He takes it on himself to allow men in what is the proper rule?.’ 1g. At the burial of his wife, duke Hsiang of Sung? placed (in the grave) a hundred jars of vinegar and pickles. 34ng-sze said, ‘They are called “vessels only to the eye of fancy,” and yet he filled them!’ 20. After the mourning rites for Mang Hsien-jze, the chief minister of his family made his subordinates return their money-offerings to all the donors. The Master said that such a thing was allowable. 21. About the reading of the list of the material contributions (towards the service of a funeral), 3ang-
3The Master said that such a thing was allowable. 21. About the reading of the list of the material contributions (towards the service of a funeral), 3ang- 1 On death, the body was lifted from the couch, and laid on the ground. When there was no response to the recalling of the spirit, it was returned ta the couch and dressed. A practice seems to have arisen of slightly dressing it on the ground, which Pan did not wish to follow. 3ze-yQ ought to have told him that his proposal was according to rule; whereas he expressed his permission of it,—a piece of arrogance, which Hsien-3ze condemned, * Hsiang died in B. c. 637. SECT. I, PT. III. THE THAN KUNG. 155 jze said, ‘It is not an ancient practice; it is a second announcement (to the departed) "!’ 22. When KA&ng-sze K4o was lying ill, Khing f went in to see him, and asked his (parting) commands, saying, ‘Your disease, Sir, is severe. If it should go on to be the great illness, what are we to do?’ 3ze-kAo said, ‘I have heard that in life we should be of use to others, and in death should do them no harm. Although I may have been of no use to others during my life, shall 1 do them any harm by my death? When I am dead, choose a piece of barren ground, and bury me there.’ 23. 3ze-hsid asked the Master (how one should deport himself) during the mourning for the ruler’s mother or wife, (and the reply was), ‘In sitting and stopping with others, in his conversation, and when eating and drinking, he should appear to be at ease?.’ 24. When a stranger-visitor arrived, and had nowhere to lodge, the Master would say, ‘While he is alive, let him lodge with me. Should he die, I will see to his coffining®.’ 25. Kwo-4yze K4o‘ said, ‘Burying means hiding 1 The contributions had been announced by the bier, as if to the departed, and a record of them made. To read the list, as is here supposed, as the procession was about to set forth, was a vain-glorious proceeding, which 34ng-3ze thus derided. * The supplements in-this paragraph are from the ‘ Narratives of the School.’ Some contend that the whole should be read as what 3ze-hsia said, and that the Master gave him no reply, disapproving of his sentiments. ® This paragraph, like the preceding, appears in rather a different form in the ‘ Narratives of the School.’ * Kwo-3ze Kfo was the same as the KhSng-3ze K4o of par. 22. Kwo was the surname, and KAang the posthumous title. It is difficult to decide between Kwo-3ze K4o and Kwo 3ze-kao. 156 THE Li -xf. BK. II. away ; and that hiding (of the body) is from a wish that men should not see it. Hence there are the clothes sufficient for an elegant covering; the coffin all round about the clothes; the shell all round about the coffin; and the earth all round about the shell. And shall we farther raise a mound over the grave and plant it with trees?’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1An elder brother of Kung-sha Ma, by the same mother but a different father, having died, he asked 3ze-yQ (whether he should go into mourning for him), and was answered, ‘ Perhaps you should do so for the period of nine months.’ A brother, similarly related to Tt {, having died, he consulted 3ze-hsid in the same way, and was answered, ‘I have not heard anything about it before, but the people of Lf wear the one year’s mourning in such acase.’ Tt f did so, and the present practice of wearing that mourning arose from his question}. 8. When 3ze-sze’s mother died in Wei, Lid Zo said to him, ‘ You, Sir, are the descendant of a sage. 1 Confucius gives a decision against mourning at all in such a case, excepting it were exceptional,—in the ‘Narratives of the School,’ chapter 10, article 1. 152 THE Lf xt. BK. I. From all quarters they look to you for an example in ceremonies; let me advise you to be careful in the matter.’ 3ze-sze said, ‘Of what have I to be careful? I have heard that when there are certain ceremonies to be observed, and he has not the necessary means for them, a superior man does not observe them, and that neither does he do so, when there are the ceremonies, and he has the means, but the time is not suitable; of what have I to be careful!?’ g. Hsien-3ze So said, ‘I have heard that the ancients made no diminution (in the degrees of mourning on any other ground); but mourned for every one above and below them according to his relationship. Thus Wan, the earl of Thang, wore the year’s mourning for Mang-hd, who was his uncle, and the same for Mang Phi, whose uncle he was.’ 10. Hau M@ said, ‘I heard Hsien-sze say about the rites of mourning, that (a son) should certainly think deeply and long about them all, and that (for instance) in buying the coffin he should see that, inside and outside, it be (equally) well completed. When I die, let it be so also with me?’ II. 3ang-jze said, ‘ Until the corpse has its ornaments put on it, they curtain off the hall; and after the slighter dressing the curtain is removed.’ Aungliang-sze said, ‘ Husband and wife are at first all in 1 Qze-sze’s mother, after his father’s death, had married again into the Shf family of Wei. What mourning was 3ze-sze now to wear for her? Lif’ Zo seems to have apprehended that he would be carried away by his feelings and would do more than was according to rule in such a case. 9ze-sze’s reply to him is not at all explicit. * This record is supposed to be intended to ridicule Hau MQ for troubling himself as he did. SECT. I, PT. HI. THE THAN KUNG. 153 confusion!, and therefore the hall is curtained off. After the slighter dressing, the curtain is removed.’
29ze-sze’s reply to him is not at all explicit. * This record is supposed to be intended to ridicule Hau MQ for troubling himself as he did. SECT. I, PT. HI. THE THAN KUNG. 153 confusion!, and therefore the hall is curtained off. After the slighter dressing, the curtain is removed.’ 12, With regard to the offerings to the dead at the time of the slighter dressing, 3ze-yf said that they should be placed on the east (of the corpse). 34ng- "ze said, ‘They should be placed on the west, on the mat there at the time of the dressing.’ The placing the offerings on the west at the time of the slighter dressing was an error of the later times of La. 13. Hsien-3ze said, ‘To have the mourning robe of coarse dolichos cloth, and the lower garment of fine linen with a wide texture, was not (the way of) antiquity.’ 14. When 3ze-phd died, the wailers called out his name Mieh*, 3ze-k4o said, ‘So rude and uncultivated are they!’ On this they changed their style. 15. At the mourning rites for the mother of TQ Khido no one was employed in the house to assist (the son in the ceremonies), which was accounted a careless omission. 16. The Master said, ‘As soon as a death occurs, (the members of the family) should change their lambskin furs and dark-coloured caps, though they may do nothing more.’ The Master did not pay a visit of condolence in these articles of dress. 17. 3ze-yQ asked about the articles to be provided for the mourning rites, and the Master said, ‘ They should be according to the means of the family.’ ' Settling places for the wailers, &c. But this explanation is deemed unsatisfactory. 2 The name was used only in calling the spirit back immediately after death ; the wailing was a subsequent thing. 154 THE Lf zi. BK. II. 3ze-yd urged, ‘ How can a family that has means and one that has not have things done in the same way?’ “Where there are means,’ was the reply, ‘let there be no exceeding the prescribed rites. If there be a want of means, let the body be lightly covered from head to foot, and forthwith buried, the coffin being simply let down by means of ropes. Who in such a case will blame the procedure?’ 18, Pn, superintendent of officers’ registries, informed 3ze-yQ of his wish to dress his dead on the couch. ‘You may, said 3ze-yQ. When Hsien-jze heard of this, he said, ‘How arrogant is the old gentleman! He takes it on himself to allow men in what is the proper rule?.’ 1g. At the burial of his wife, duke Hsiang of Sung? placed (in the grave) a hundred jars of vinegar and pickles. 34ng-sze said, ‘They are called “vessels only to the eye of fancy,” and yet he filled them!’ 20. After the mourning rites for Mang Hsien-jze, the chief minister of his family made his subordinates return their money-offerings to all the donors. The Master said that such a thing was allowable. 21. About the reading of the list of the material contributions (towards the service of a funeral), 3ang-
3The Master said that such a thing was allowable. 21. About the reading of the list of the material contributions (towards the service of a funeral), 3ang- 1 On death, the body was lifted from the couch, and laid on the ground. When there was no response to the recalling of the spirit, it was returned ta the couch and dressed. A practice seems to have arisen of slightly dressing it on the ground, which Pan did not wish to follow. 3ze-yQ ought to have told him that his proposal was according to rule; whereas he expressed his permission of it,—a piece of arrogance, which Hsien-3ze condemned, * Hsiang died in B. c. 637. SECT. I, PT. III. THE THAN KUNG. 155 jze said, ‘It is not an ancient practice; it is a second announcement (to the departed) "!’ 22. When KA&ng-sze K4o was lying ill, Khing f went in to see him, and asked his (parting) commands, saying, ‘Your disease, Sir, is severe. If it should go on to be the great illness, what are we to do?’ 3ze-kAo said, ‘I have heard that in life we should be of use to others, and in death should do them no harm. Although I may have been of no use to others during my life, shall 1 do them any harm by my death? When I am dead, choose a piece of barren ground, and bury me there.’ 23. 3ze-hsid asked the Master (how one should deport himself) during the mourning for the ruler’s mother or wife, (and the reply was), ‘In sitting and stopping with others, in his conversation, and when eating and drinking, he should appear to be at ease?.’ 24. When a stranger-visitor arrived, and had nowhere to lodge, the Master would say, ‘While he is alive, let him lodge with me. Should he die, I will see to his coffining®.’ 25. Kwo-4yze K4o‘ said, ‘Burying means hiding 1 The contributions had been announced by the bier, as if to the departed, and a record of them made. To read the list, as is here supposed, as the procession was about to set forth, was a vain-glorious proceeding, which 34ng-3ze thus derided. * The supplements in-this paragraph are from the ‘ Narratives of the School.’ Some contend that the whole should be read as what 3ze-hsia said, and that the Master gave him no reply, disapproving of his sentiments. ® This paragraph, like the preceding, appears in rather a different form in the ‘ Narratives of the School.’ * Kwo-3ze Kfo was the same as the KhSng-3ze K4o of par. 22. Kwo was the surname, and KAang the posthumous title. It is difficult to decide between Kwo-3ze K4o and Kwo 3ze-kao. 156 THE Li -xf. BK. II. away ; and that hiding (of the body) is from a wish that men should not see it. Hence there are the clothes sufficient for an elegant covering; the coffin all round about the clothes; the shell all round about the coffin; and the earth all round about the shell. And shall we farther raise a mound over the grave and plant it with trees?’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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