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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1of creepers -born on creepers, from grass‘, from herbs‘, from plants 4, from Aya, (&c., all down to) Kara born in earth; from trees born in water (the rest similar as with trees born in earth), from Udaga, (&c., all down to) Pukkhalatthibhaga born in water. (19) These creatures feed on the sap of the trees, creepers, grass, herbs, plants, be they born in earth or water, on trees or creepers or grass or herbs or plants; (the sap) of their roots, (&c., all down to) seeds, of Ayas, &c., of Udakas, &c. And these creatures consume earth-bodies, (&c., all as in § 2, down to) assimilated by them. And the bodies of these beings born of trees, creepers, grass, herbs, plants, their roots, &c., of Ayas, &c., of Udagas, &c., are of manifold colours, (&c., the rest as in § 2, down to the end). (20) 1 The last four are well-known varieties of lotus, called in Sanskrit: utpala, padma, kumuda, nalina. * The Sanskrit of the last seven items is: pudarika, mahapundarika, satapattra, sahasrapattra, kahlara, kékanada, and tAmarasa ; they are all varieties of lotus. * Pushkara. ‘ This is to be detailed in the same way as with trees and creepers. BOOK 2, LECTURE 3. 393 And again it has been said of old: a man and a woman combine in cohabitation in a cunnus, which was produced by their Karman, and there they deposit their humours. Therein are born the souls of different men, viz. of those born in Karmabhimi', or in Akarmabhimi, or in the minor continents, of Aryas and barbarians, as women or men or eunuchs, according to the semen and blood of the mother? and the other circumstances* (contingent on their coming into existence). These beings at first feed on the menses of the mother and the semen of the father, or both combined into an unclean, foul (substance). And afterwards they absorb with a part (of their bodies) the essence * of whatever food the mothers take. Gradually increasing and attaining to the proper dimensions of a foetus® they come forth from the womb, some as males, some as females, some as neuters. As long as they are babies, they suck the mother’s milk; but when they grow older, they eat boiled rice, or gruel, or both movable and immovable beings. These beings consume earth-bodies, (&c., all as before, down to) assimilated by them. And the bodies of these men, viz. those born in Karmabhimi, or Akarmabhiimi, or in the minor continents, of Aryas and barbarians, are of mani- 1 Compare note 1, p. 225. * Both are indicated in the text by biga. According to Silanka, a male will be produced if the semen is in excess ; a female, if the blood ; a neuter, if they are equally balanced. * Avakasa. According to Silanka, a male is produced from the right side of the womb, a female from the left, a neuter from both together. ‘6 yam = é6gas. * Paliyagam, explained garbhaparipaka. 394 sOTRAKRITANGA. fold colours, (&c., all as in § 2, down to the end). (21)
2* Avakasa. According to Silanka, a male is produced from the right side of the womb, a female from the left, a neuter from both together. ‘6 yam = é6gas. * Paliyagam, explained garbhaparipaka. 394 sOTRAKRITANGA. fold colours, (&c., all as in § 2, down to the end). (21) (This paragraph is nearly identical with the preceding one, but substitute ‘aquatic animals of five organs of sense, viz. fishes, (all down to)' porpoises,’ for ‘different men’ in the beginning and the end. The following sentence in the middle is slightly different ; it runs thus: ‘as long as they are young, they feed on the mothers’ humours, but when they grow older they eat plants, or both movable and immovable beings.’) (22) (This paragraph treats of) quadrupeds’, terrestrial animals with five organs of sense, viz. solidungular animals, biungular animals, multiungular animals, and animals having toes with nails. (All as in the last paragraph, only ‘as long as they are young, they feed on their mothers’ milk.’) (23) (This paragraph treats of) reptiles moving on the breast, (being) terrestrial animals with five organs of sense, viz. snakes, huge snakes °, AsAlika, and dragons‘. (All as before, but the following passage is different.) Some bring forth eggs, some bring forth living young ones; some come out of the egg as males, some as females, some as neuters. As long as they are young, they live on wind. (The rest as above.) (24) (This paragraph treats of) terrestrial animals with five organs of sense, walking on their arms, viz. iguanas, ichneumons, porcupines, frogs, chameleons, 1 See Uttaridhyayana XXXVI, 173; above, p. 223. * Compare Uttaradhyayana XXXVI, 180, ibidem. § Agagara, literally serpents which devour goats. “ Mahéraga. According to the Guzeratf gloss these snakes are a thousand ydéganas long. BOOK 2, LECTURE 3. 395 Khéras, Gharakdillas!, Vissambharas *, rats, mangooses, Pail4iyas, cats, Géhas, Kauppdiyas*. (The rest as in the last paragraph.) (25) (This paragraph treats of) aerial animals with five organs of sense: birds with membranous wings, birds with feathered wings, birds with wings in the shape of a box, and birds (which sit on) outspread wings’, (All as before; only the following passage is different): ‘As long as they are young, they are hatched by their mothers’ warmth.’ (The rest as above.) (26) And again it has been said of old: there are beings of manifold birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1, down to) growing there on the animate or inanimate bodies of manifold movable or immovable creatures, come forth as parasites’. These beings feed on the humours of various movable and immovable creatures, &c. And the bodies of these movable and immovable parasites are of manifold colours, (&c., as above). (27) In the same way vermin generated in filthy substances ® and in the skin of living animals” are to be treated of. (28, 29) And again it has been said of old: there are some beings of manifold birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1,
3(27) In the same way vermin generated in filthy substances ® and in the skin of living animals” are to be treated of. (28, 29) And again it has been said of old: there are some beings of manifold birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1, ' Grthak6ékila, probably identical with grzhagélika, a lizard. 2 Visvambhara is given in the smaller Petersburg Dictionary as the name of a scorpion or some similar animal. However, it must denote here some other animal, * This may be Aatushp4dika, quadruped; but then the word must be taken in a restricted sense, perhaps, small quadrupeds. “ See Uttaradhyayana XXXVI, 187; above, p.224. Perhaps beetles and butterflies are intended by the two last kinds of pakshins? 5 Anusiiya=anusfita or anusy fita. ° Durfivasambhava. 7 Khuruduga. 396 SOTRAKRITANGA. down to) growing thereon (or in) the animate or inanimate bodies of manifold movable or immovable creatures as that (water)-body!, which is produced by wind, condensed by wind, and carried along by wind; it goes upwards, when there is an upward wind ; it goes downwards, when there is a downward wind; it goes in a horizontal direction, when there is a horizontal wind; (its varieties are) hoar-frost, snow, mist, hailstones, dew, and rain. These beings feed on the humours of these manifold movable and immovable creatures, &c. And the bodies of these (water-lives, viz.) hoar-frost, &c., produced by manifold movable or immovable creatures, are of manifold colours, (&c., as above) *. (30) And again it has been said of old: some beings, born in water, (&c., all similar as in § 1, down to) come forth in water(-bodies) in the water produced by manifold movable or immovable beings. These beings feed on the humours of the water(-bodies) produced by manifold movable and immovable creatures. (The rest similar as above.) (31) And again it has been said of old: some beings, born in water, (&c., all similar as in § 1, down to) come forth in water-bodies produced by other waterbodies. These beings feed on the humours of those other water-bodies produced by water-bodies. (The rest similar as above.) (32) And again it has been said of old: some beings, born in water, (&c., all similar as in § 1, down to) come forth as movable creatures in the water 1 There is apparently no predicate in this sentence. 2 This paragraph gives the ‘scientific’ explanation of the way by which water-bodies or the bodies of water-lives are produced by wind. BOOK 2, LECTURE 3. 397 produced by water-bodies. These beings feed on the humours of the water(-bodies) produced by water. (The rest similar as before.) (33) And again it has been said of old: some beings, of various birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1, down to) come forth as fire-bodies in the manifold animate or inanimate bodies of movable or immovable creatures!. These beings feed on the manifold movable or immovable creatures. (The rest similar as before.)
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1of creepers -born on creepers, from grass‘, from herbs‘, from plants 4, from Aya, (&c., all down to) Kara born in earth; from trees born in water (the rest similar as with trees born in earth), from Udaga, (&c., all down to) Pukkhalatthibhaga born in water. (19) These creatures feed on the sap of the trees, creepers, grass, herbs, plants, be they born in earth or water, on trees or creepers or grass or herbs or plants; (the sap) of their roots, (&c., all down to) seeds, of Ayas, &c., of Udakas, &c. And these creatures consume earth-bodies, (&c., all as in § 2, down to) assimilated by them. And the bodies of these beings born of trees, creepers, grass, herbs, plants, their roots, &c., of Ayas, &c., of Udagas, &c., are of manifold colours, (&c., the rest as in § 2, down to the end). (20) 1 The last four are well-known varieties of lotus, called in Sanskrit: utpala, padma, kumuda, nalina. * The Sanskrit of the last seven items is: pudarika, mahapundarika, satapattra, sahasrapattra, kahlara, kékanada, and tAmarasa ; they are all varieties of lotus. * Pushkara. ‘ This is to be detailed in the same way as with trees and creepers. BOOK 2, LECTURE 3. 393 And again it has been said of old: a man and a woman combine in cohabitation in a cunnus, which was produced by their Karman, and there they deposit their humours. Therein are born the souls of different men, viz. of those born in Karmabhimi', or in Akarmabhimi, or in the minor continents, of Aryas and barbarians, as women or men or eunuchs, according to the semen and blood of the mother? and the other circumstances* (contingent on their coming into existence). These beings at first feed on the menses of the mother and the semen of the father, or both combined into an unclean, foul (substance). And afterwards they absorb with a part (of their bodies) the essence * of whatever food the mothers take. Gradually increasing and attaining to the proper dimensions of a foetus® they come forth from the womb, some as males, some as females, some as neuters. As long as they are babies, they suck the mother’s milk; but when they grow older, they eat boiled rice, or gruel, or both movable and immovable beings. These beings consume earth-bodies, (&c., all as before, down to) assimilated by them. And the bodies of these men, viz. those born in Karmabhimi, or Akarmabhiimi, or in the minor continents, of Aryas and barbarians, are of mani- 1 Compare note 1, p. 225. * Both are indicated in the text by biga. According to Silanka, a male will be produced if the semen is in excess ; a female, if the blood ; a neuter, if they are equally balanced. * Avakasa. According to Silanka, a male is produced from the right side of the womb, a female from the left, a neuter from both together. ‘6 yam = é6gas. * Paliyagam, explained garbhaparipaka. 394 sOTRAKRITANGA. fold colours, (&c., all as in § 2, down to the end). (21)
2* Avakasa. According to Silanka, a male is produced from the right side of the womb, a female from the left, a neuter from both together. ‘6 yam = é6gas. * Paliyagam, explained garbhaparipaka. 394 sOTRAKRITANGA. fold colours, (&c., all as in § 2, down to the end). (21) (This paragraph is nearly identical with the preceding one, but substitute ‘aquatic animals of five organs of sense, viz. fishes, (all down to)' porpoises,’ for ‘different men’ in the beginning and the end. The following sentence in the middle is slightly different ; it runs thus: ‘as long as they are young, they feed on the mothers’ humours, but when they grow older they eat plants, or both movable and immovable beings.’) (22) (This paragraph treats of) quadrupeds’, terrestrial animals with five organs of sense, viz. solidungular animals, biungular animals, multiungular animals, and animals having toes with nails. (All as in the last paragraph, only ‘as long as they are young, they feed on their mothers’ milk.’) (23) (This paragraph treats of) reptiles moving on the breast, (being) terrestrial animals with five organs of sense, viz. snakes, huge snakes °, AsAlika, and dragons‘. (All as before, but the following passage is different.) Some bring forth eggs, some bring forth living young ones; some come out of the egg as males, some as females, some as neuters. As long as they are young, they live on wind. (The rest as above.) (24) (This paragraph treats of) terrestrial animals with five organs of sense, walking on their arms, viz. iguanas, ichneumons, porcupines, frogs, chameleons, 1 See Uttaridhyayana XXXVI, 173; above, p. 223. * Compare Uttaradhyayana XXXVI, 180, ibidem. § Agagara, literally serpents which devour goats. “ Mahéraga. According to the Guzeratf gloss these snakes are a thousand ydéganas long. BOOK 2, LECTURE 3. 395 Khéras, Gharakdillas!, Vissambharas *, rats, mangooses, Pail4iyas, cats, Géhas, Kauppdiyas*. (The rest as in the last paragraph.) (25) (This paragraph treats of) aerial animals with five organs of sense: birds with membranous wings, birds with feathered wings, birds with wings in the shape of a box, and birds (which sit on) outspread wings’, (All as before; only the following passage is different): ‘As long as they are young, they are hatched by their mothers’ warmth.’ (The rest as above.) (26) And again it has been said of old: there are beings of manifold birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1, down to) growing there on the animate or inanimate bodies of manifold movable or immovable creatures, come forth as parasites’. These beings feed on the humours of various movable and immovable creatures, &c. And the bodies of these movable and immovable parasites are of manifold colours, (&c., as above). (27) In the same way vermin generated in filthy substances ® and in the skin of living animals” are to be treated of. (28, 29) And again it has been said of old: there are some beings of manifold birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1,
3(27) In the same way vermin generated in filthy substances ® and in the skin of living animals” are to be treated of. (28, 29) And again it has been said of old: there are some beings of manifold birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1, ' Grthak6ékila, probably identical with grzhagélika, a lizard. 2 Visvambhara is given in the smaller Petersburg Dictionary as the name of a scorpion or some similar animal. However, it must denote here some other animal, * This may be Aatushp4dika, quadruped; but then the word must be taken in a restricted sense, perhaps, small quadrupeds. “ See Uttaradhyayana XXXVI, 187; above, p.224. Perhaps beetles and butterflies are intended by the two last kinds of pakshins? 5 Anusiiya=anusfita or anusy fita. ° Durfivasambhava. 7 Khuruduga. 396 SOTRAKRITANGA. down to) growing thereon (or in) the animate or inanimate bodies of manifold movable or immovable creatures as that (water)-body!, which is produced by wind, condensed by wind, and carried along by wind; it goes upwards, when there is an upward wind ; it goes downwards, when there is a downward wind; it goes in a horizontal direction, when there is a horizontal wind; (its varieties are) hoar-frost, snow, mist, hailstones, dew, and rain. These beings feed on the humours of these manifold movable and immovable creatures, &c. And the bodies of these (water-lives, viz.) hoar-frost, &c., produced by manifold movable or immovable creatures, are of manifold colours, (&c., as above) *. (30) And again it has been said of old: some beings, born in water, (&c., all similar as in § 1, down to) come forth in water(-bodies) in the water produced by manifold movable or immovable beings. These beings feed on the humours of the water(-bodies) produced by manifold movable and immovable creatures. (The rest similar as above.) (31) And again it has been said of old: some beings, born in water, (&c., all similar as in § 1, down to) come forth in water-bodies produced by other waterbodies. These beings feed on the humours of those other water-bodies produced by water-bodies. (The rest similar as above.) (32) And again it has been said of old: some beings, born in water, (&c., all similar as in § 1, down to) come forth as movable creatures in the water 1 There is apparently no predicate in this sentence. 2 This paragraph gives the ‘scientific’ explanation of the way by which water-bodies or the bodies of water-lives are produced by wind. BOOK 2, LECTURE 3. 397 produced by water-bodies. These beings feed on the humours of the water(-bodies) produced by water. (The rest similar as before.) (33) And again it has been said of old: some beings, of various birth and origin, (&c., all as in § 1, down to) come forth as fire-bodies in the manifold animate or inanimate bodies of movable or immovable creatures!. These beings feed on the manifold movable or immovable creatures. (The rest similar as before.)
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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