Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1(23, 24) A man who is dishonest in words and acts, who is base, not upright, a dissembler and deceiver’, a heretic, a vile man, a talker of hurtful and sinful things, a thief, and full of jealousy—a man of such habits develops the grey Lésy4. (25, 26) A man who is humble, steadfast, free from deceit and inquisitiveness, well disciplined, restrained, attentive to his study and duties‘, who loves the Law and keeps it, who is afraid of forbidden things and strives after the highest good—a man of such habits develops the red Lésy4. (27, 28) A man who has but little anger, pride, deceit, and greed, whose mind is at ease, who controls himself, 1 T.e. commits the five great sins.—The following verses give the character—lakshana—of the Lésyds. 2 This is, according to the comm., the meaning of the word niddhamdhasaparizaméd. > Paliua@daga-uvahiya=pratikua#kaka-upadhika. * Yégavan upadhanavan. 200 UTTARADHYAYANA. who is attentive to his study and duties, who speaks but little, is calm, and subdues his senses—a man of such habits develops the yellow Lésy4. (29, 30) A man who abstains from constant thinking about his misery and about sinful deeds, but engages in meditation on the Law and truth only!, whose mind is at ease, who controls himself, who practises the Samitis and Guptis, whether he be still subject to passion or free from passion, is calm, and subdues his senses—a man of such habits develops the white Lésy4. (31, 32) 8. There are as many varieties? of Lésy4s as there are Samayas® in the innumerable Avasarpiais and Utsarpists, and as there are countless worlds. (33) 9. Half a muhfrta is the shortest, and thirty-three SAgarépamés plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the black Lésy&. (34) Half a muhdrta is the shortest, and ten SAgarépam4s plus one Palyépamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya is the longest duration of the blue Lésy4. (35) Half a muharta is the shortest, and three Sagarépamas plus one Palyédpamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya is the longest duration of the grey Lésy4. (36) Half a muhiarta is the shortest, and two SA4garépamas plus one Palyépamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya is the longest duration of the red Lésy4. (37) Half a muhfdrta is the shortest, and ten S4garépam4s plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the yellow Lésy4. (38) 1 Literally: who avoids the 4rta and raudra dhydnas, and practises the dharma and sukla dhya4nas. These terms cannot be adequately translated ; the reader may therefore be referred for details to Bhandarkar’s Report, p. 110 ff. ® Thandim sthanani. * Samaya is the smallest division of time=instant, moment. LECTURE XXXIV. 20! Half a muhirta is the shortest, and thirty-three Sagarépam4s plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the white Lésy4. (39) I have described above the duration of the Lésyds generally; I shall now detail their duration in the four walks of mundane existenee?. (40)
2LECTURE XXXIV. 20! Half a muhirta is the shortest, and thirty-three Sagarépam4s plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the white Lésy4. (39) I have described above the duration of the Lésyds generally; I shall now detail their duration in the four walks of mundane existenee?. (40) The shortest duration of the grey Lésy4 (of a denizen of hell) is ten thousand years, the longest three SAgarépam4s plus one Palyépamé and part of an Asamkhyéya. (41) The shortest duration of the blue Lésy4 (of a denizen of hell) is three Sagarépam4s plus one PalySpama and a part of an Asamkhyéya, the longest ten Sagardpam4s plus one Palyépama and a part of an Asamkhyéya. (42) The shortest duration of the black Lésy4 (of a denizen of hell) is ten SAgarédpamas plus one Palyépama and a part of an Asamkhyéya, the longest thirty-three SAgarépam4s. (43) I have described the duration of the Lésyds of denizens of hell; I shall now describe that of animals, men, and gods. (44) The duration of any of the Lésyd4s except the best (viz. white one) is less than a muhdrta for (the lowest organisms), animals, and men* (45) Half a muharta is the shortest duration of the white Lésy4 (of animals and men), and the longest a Krore of former years? less nine years. (46) 1 Viz. as denizens of hell, brutes, men, and gods. Only the three first Lésy&s lead to being born in hell. * The consequence of this statement appears to be that at the expiration of the Lésy& a new one is produced. The commentators, however, are not explicit on this head. § About the former years, see above, p. 16, note I. 202 UTTARADHYAYANA. I have described the duration of the Lésy4s of animals and men, I shall now describe that of the gods. (47) The shortest duration of the black Lésy4 is ten thousand years, the longest a Palyépam4 and (a part of) an Asamkhyéya. (48) The shortest duration of the blue Lésy4 is equal to the longest of the black one plus one Samaya; the longest is one Palyépama plus a (greater part of) an Asamkhyéya. (49) The shortest duration of the grey LésyA is equal to the longest of the blue one plus one Samaya; the longest is one Palydpam4 plus (a still greater part of) an Asamkhyéya. (50) I shall now describe the red Lésy4 as it is with gods, Bhavanapatis, Vyantaras, Gyétishkas, and Vaimanikas. (51) The shortest duration of the red Lésy4 is one Palyépamé, the longest two Sagardpamas plus one Palyépamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya!. (52) The shortest duration of the red Lésy4 is ten thousand years, the longest two Sagarépamas plus one Palydpamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya. (53) The longest duration of the red LésyA plus one Samaya is equal to the shortest of the yellow Lésyé ; its longest, however, is ten muhdrtas longer. (54) The longest duration of the yellow Lésya plus one Samaya is equal to the shortest of the white Lésya ; the longest, however, is thirty-three muhdrtas longer. (55) 10. The black, blue, and grey Lésyds are the
3(54) The longest duration of the yellow Lésya plus one Samaya is equal to the shortest of the white Lésya ; the longest, however, is thirty-three muhdrtas longer. (55) 10. The black, blue, and grey Lésyds are the 1 This verse seems to lay down the duration of the Lésy4 in the case of common gods, while the next one applies to Bhavanapatis, &c. LECTURE XXXV. 203 lowest Lésy4s; through them the soul is brought into miserable courses of life. (56) The red, yellow, and white Lésy4s are the good Lésyas; through them the soul is brought into happy courses of life. (57) . 11. In the first moment of these Lésyas when they are joined (with the soul), the latter is not born into a new existence’. (58) In the last moment of all these Lésy4s when they are joined (with the soul), the latter is not born into a new existence. (59) While the last muhdrta is running and a part of it is still to come, the souls with their Lésy4s developed, go to a new birth. (60) A wise man should, therefore, know the nature of these Lésyds; he should avoid the bad ones and obtain the good ones. (61) Thus I say. THIRTY-FIFTH LECTURE. THE HOUSELESS MONK. Learn from me, with attentive minds, the road shown by the wise ones*, which leads a monk who follows it, to the end of all misery. (1) 1 The question treated rather darkly in the next three verses is, according to the comm., the following :—Every individual dies in the same Lésy4 in which he is born. When his Lésya ends with his life, then the soul must get a new Lésya. Our verses state at which time the new Lésy& comes into existence or is joined with the soul. * Buddhéhi. 204 UTTARADHYAYANA. Giving up the life in a house, and taking Pravragy4, a sage should know and renounce those attachments which take hold of men. (2) A restrained monk should abstain from killing, lying, stealing, carnal intercourse, from desire, love, and greed. (3) Even in his thoughts a monk should not long for a pleasant painted house filled with the fragrance of garlands and frankincense, secured by doors, and decorated with a white ceiling-cloth'. (4) For in such a dwelling a monk will find it difficult to prevent his senses from increased desire and passion. (5) He should be content to live on a burial-place, in a deserted house, below a tree, in solitude, or in a place which had been prepared for the sake of somebody else *. (6) A well-controlled monk should live in a pure place, which is not too much crowded, and where no women live. (7) He should not build a house, nor cause others to erect one; for many living beings both movable and immovable, both subtile and gross, are seen to be killed when a house is being built ; therefore a monk should abstain from building a house. (8, 9) The same holds good with the cooking of food and drink, or with one’s causing them to be cooked. Out of compassion for living beings one should not cook nor cause another to cook. (10) Beings which live in water, corn, or in earth and
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1(23, 24) A man who is dishonest in words and acts, who is base, not upright, a dissembler and deceiver’, a heretic, a vile man, a talker of hurtful and sinful things, a thief, and full of jealousy—a man of such habits develops the grey Lésy4. (25, 26) A man who is humble, steadfast, free from deceit and inquisitiveness, well disciplined, restrained, attentive to his study and duties‘, who loves the Law and keeps it, who is afraid of forbidden things and strives after the highest good—a man of such habits develops the red Lésy4. (27, 28) A man who has but little anger, pride, deceit, and greed, whose mind is at ease, who controls himself, 1 T.e. commits the five great sins.—The following verses give the character—lakshana—of the Lésyds. 2 This is, according to the comm., the meaning of the word niddhamdhasaparizaméd. > Paliua@daga-uvahiya=pratikua#kaka-upadhika. * Yégavan upadhanavan. 200 UTTARADHYAYANA. who is attentive to his study and duties, who speaks but little, is calm, and subdues his senses—a man of such habits develops the yellow Lésy4. (29, 30) A man who abstains from constant thinking about his misery and about sinful deeds, but engages in meditation on the Law and truth only!, whose mind is at ease, who controls himself, who practises the Samitis and Guptis, whether he be still subject to passion or free from passion, is calm, and subdues his senses—a man of such habits develops the white Lésy4. (31, 32) 8. There are as many varieties? of Lésy4s as there are Samayas® in the innumerable Avasarpiais and Utsarpists, and as there are countless worlds. (33) 9. Half a muhfrta is the shortest, and thirty-three SAgarépamés plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the black Lésy&. (34) Half a muhdrta is the shortest, and ten SAgarépam4s plus one Palyépamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya is the longest duration of the blue Lésy4. (35) Half a muharta is the shortest, and three Sagarépamas plus one Palyédpamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya is the longest duration of the grey Lésy4. (36) Half a muhiarta is the shortest, and two SA4garépamas plus one Palyépamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya is the longest duration of the red Lésy4. (37) Half a muhfdrta is the shortest, and ten S4garépam4s plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the yellow Lésy4. (38) 1 Literally: who avoids the 4rta and raudra dhydnas, and practises the dharma and sukla dhya4nas. These terms cannot be adequately translated ; the reader may therefore be referred for details to Bhandarkar’s Report, p. 110 ff. ® Thandim sthanani. * Samaya is the smallest division of time=instant, moment. LECTURE XXXIV. 20! Half a muhirta is the shortest, and thirty-three Sagarépam4s plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the white Lésy4. (39) I have described above the duration of the Lésyds generally; I shall now detail their duration in the four walks of mundane existenee?. (40)
2LECTURE XXXIV. 20! Half a muhirta is the shortest, and thirty-three Sagarépam4s plus one muhfrta is the longest duration of the white Lésy4. (39) I have described above the duration of the Lésyds generally; I shall now detail their duration in the four walks of mundane existenee?. (40) The shortest duration of the grey Lésy4 (of a denizen of hell) is ten thousand years, the longest three SAgarépam4s plus one Palyépamé and part of an Asamkhyéya. (41) The shortest duration of the blue Lésy4 (of a denizen of hell) is three Sagarépam4s plus one PalySpama and a part of an Asamkhyéya, the longest ten Sagardpam4s plus one Palyépama and a part of an Asamkhyéya. (42) The shortest duration of the black Lésy4 (of a denizen of hell) is ten SAgarédpamas plus one Palyépama and a part of an Asamkhyéya, the longest thirty-three SAgarépam4s. (43) I have described the duration of the Lésyds of denizens of hell; I shall now describe that of animals, men, and gods. (44) The duration of any of the Lésyd4s except the best (viz. white one) is less than a muhdrta for (the lowest organisms), animals, and men* (45) Half a muharta is the shortest duration of the white Lésy4 (of animals and men), and the longest a Krore of former years? less nine years. (46) 1 Viz. as denizens of hell, brutes, men, and gods. Only the three first Lésy&s lead to being born in hell. * The consequence of this statement appears to be that at the expiration of the Lésy& a new one is produced. The commentators, however, are not explicit on this head. § About the former years, see above, p. 16, note I. 202 UTTARADHYAYANA. I have described the duration of the Lésy4s of animals and men, I shall now describe that of the gods. (47) The shortest duration of the black Lésy4 is ten thousand years, the longest a Palyépam4 and (a part of) an Asamkhyéya. (48) The shortest duration of the blue Lésy4 is equal to the longest of the black one plus one Samaya; the longest is one Palyépama plus a (greater part of) an Asamkhyéya. (49) The shortest duration of the grey LésyA is equal to the longest of the blue one plus one Samaya; the longest is one Palydpam4 plus (a still greater part of) an Asamkhyéya. (50) I shall now describe the red Lésy4 as it is with gods, Bhavanapatis, Vyantaras, Gyétishkas, and Vaimanikas. (51) The shortest duration of the red Lésy4 is one Palyépamé, the longest two Sagardpamas plus one Palyépamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya!. (52) The shortest duration of the red Lésy4 is ten thousand years, the longest two Sagarépamas plus one Palydpamé and a part of an Asamkhyéya. (53) The longest duration of the red LésyA plus one Samaya is equal to the shortest of the yellow Lésyé ; its longest, however, is ten muhdrtas longer. (54) The longest duration of the yellow Lésya plus one Samaya is equal to the shortest of the white Lésya ; the longest, however, is thirty-three muhdrtas longer. (55) 10. The black, blue, and grey Lésyds are the
3(54) The longest duration of the yellow Lésya plus one Samaya is equal to the shortest of the white Lésya ; the longest, however, is thirty-three muhdrtas longer. (55) 10. The black, blue, and grey Lésyds are the 1 This verse seems to lay down the duration of the Lésy4 in the case of common gods, while the next one applies to Bhavanapatis, &c. LECTURE XXXV. 203 lowest Lésy4s; through them the soul is brought into miserable courses of life. (56) The red, yellow, and white Lésy4s are the good Lésyas; through them the soul is brought into happy courses of life. (57) . 11. In the first moment of these Lésyas when they are joined (with the soul), the latter is not born into a new existence’. (58) In the last moment of all these Lésy4s when they are joined (with the soul), the latter is not born into a new existence. (59) While the last muhdrta is running and a part of it is still to come, the souls with their Lésy4s developed, go to a new birth. (60) A wise man should, therefore, know the nature of these Lésyds; he should avoid the bad ones and obtain the good ones. (61) Thus I say. THIRTY-FIFTH LECTURE. THE HOUSELESS MONK. Learn from me, with attentive minds, the road shown by the wise ones*, which leads a monk who follows it, to the end of all misery. (1) 1 The question treated rather darkly in the next three verses is, according to the comm., the following :—Every individual dies in the same Lésy4 in which he is born. When his Lésya ends with his life, then the soul must get a new Lésya. Our verses state at which time the new Lésy& comes into existence or is joined with the soul. * Buddhéhi. 204 UTTARADHYAYANA. Giving up the life in a house, and taking Pravragy4, a sage should know and renounce those attachments which take hold of men. (2) A restrained monk should abstain from killing, lying, stealing, carnal intercourse, from desire, love, and greed. (3) Even in his thoughts a monk should not long for a pleasant painted house filled with the fragrance of garlands and frankincense, secured by doors, and decorated with a white ceiling-cloth'. (4) For in such a dwelling a monk will find it difficult to prevent his senses from increased desire and passion. (5) He should be content to live on a burial-place, in a deserted house, below a tree, in solitude, or in a place which had been prepared for the sake of somebody else *. (6) A well-controlled monk should live in a pure place, which is not too much crowded, and where no women live. (7) He should not build a house, nor cause others to erect one; for many living beings both movable and immovable, both subtile and gross, are seen to be killed when a house is being built ; therefore a monk should abstain from building a house. (8, 9) The same holds good with the cooking of food and drink, or with one’s causing them to be cooked. Out of compassion for living beings one should not cook nor cause another to cook. (10) Beings which live in water, corn, or in earth and
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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