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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1(45) Q 226 UTTARADHYAYANA. Bhitas, Yakshas, Rakshasas, Kinnaras, Kimpurushas, Mahéragas, and Gandharvas. (206) 3. The moons, the suns, the Nakshatras, the planets, and the hosts of stars are the fivefold dwellings of the Gydtishkas. (207) 4. The Vaim4nika gods are of two kinds: a’, those who are born in the heavenly Kalpas, and 8’, those who are born in the regions above them !. (208) a’, The former are of twelve kinds: those who live in (the following Kalpas, after which they are named): Saudharma, fsAna, Sanatkum4ra, MAhéndra, Brahmaldéka, and Lantaka; (209) Mahdsukla, Sahasrdra, Anata, PrAsata a Arama, and Afyuta. These are the gods who are born in Kalpas. (210) 6’. The gods who are born in the regions above the Kalpas are of two kinds: a’. the Graivéyakas 3, and @’. the Anuttaras‘. The Graivéyakas are of nine kinds. (211) a. The lowest of the lowest, the middle of the lowest, the highest of the lowest, the lowest of the middle; (212) The middle of the middle, the highest of the middle, the lowest of the highest, the middle of the highest ; (213) The highest of the highest. These are the Graivéyaka gods. 1 They are termed Kalpépaga and Kalp§tfta. * T am not sure that these are the correct Sanskrit forms of the two last Kalpas ; the original has Anaya and PAanaya. * Le. those who live on the neck (griva), i.e. on the upper part of the universe. * Ie. those above whom there dwell no other gods. LECTURE XXXVI. 227 B’. The Vigayas, the Vaigayantas, the Gayantas, the Aparagitas (214) And the Sarvérthasiddhas: these are the five kinds of Anuttara gods. These and others besides are the many kinds of Vaimanika gods. (215-217 = 159-160) The longest duration of the life of the Bhauméyika gods is somewhat more than a SagarépamA, the smallest ten thousand years. (218) The longest duration of the life of the Vyantaras is one Palyépamé, the shortest is ten thousand years. (219) The longest duration of the life of the Gyétishkas is one Palyépamé plus one hundred thousand years, the shortest is the eighth part of a PalyépamA. (220) The longest duration of life in the Saudharmakalpa is two Sagarépamas, the shortest is one Palyépamé. (221) (In the same way (a) the longest, and (4) the shortest duration of life in the remaining Kalpas and heavenly regions is given in the original. I give in the sequel the substance only of each verse.) In fs4na Kalpa (2) is somewhat more than a Sd4garépam4, (4) somewhat more than a Palyépamé. (222) In Sanatkuméra Kalpa (a) is seven, (4) two SAgarépamés. (223) In M&héndra Kalpa (a) is somewhat more than seven SAgarépamds, (4) somewhat more than two. (224) In Brahmal6éka Kalpa (a) is ten SAgarépamas, (4) seven. (225) In Lantaka Kalpa (a) is fourteen Sagarépamias, (4) ten. (226) Q2 228 UTTARADHYAYANA. In Mah4sukla Kalpa(a) is seventeen Sagarépamas, (6) fourteen!. (227) In Sahasrara Kalpa (a) is eighteen Sagarépamas, (4) seventeen. (228)
2(224) In Brahmal6éka Kalpa (a) is ten SAgarépamas, (4) seven. (225) In Lantaka Kalpa (a) is fourteen Sagarépamias, (4) ten. (226) Q2 228 UTTARADHYAYANA. In Mah4sukla Kalpa(a) is seventeen Sagarépamas, (6) fourteen!. (227) In Sahasrara Kalpa (a) is eighteen Sagarépamas, (4) seventeen. (228) In Anata Kalpa (a) is nineteen SAgarépamAs, (4) eighteen. (229) In Prazata Kalpa (a2) is twenty Sagarépamas, (4) nineteen. (230) In Arava Kalpa (a) is twenty-one SagarépamAs, (4) twenty. (231) In A&yuta Kalpa (a) is twenty-two Sdgarépamias, (4) twenty-one. (232) In the first (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-three Sagarépamias, (4) twenty-two. (233) In the second (Graivéyika region) (a) is twentyfour SAgardpamas, (4) twenty-three. (234) In the third (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-five SAgarépamas, (4) twenty-four. (235) In the fourth (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-six Sagarépamias, (6) twenty-five. (236) In the fifth (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-seven SAgarépamis, (4) twenty-six. (237) In the sixth (Graivéyika region) (a) is twentyeight SadgarépamAs, (4) twenty-seven. (238) In the seventh (Graivéyika region) (a) is twentynine Saégarépamas, (4) twenty-eight. (239) In the eighth (Graivéyika region) (a) is thirty SAgar6pamis, (4) twenty-nine. (240) In the ninth (Graivéyika region) (@) is thirty-one SAgarépamas, (4) thirty. (241) In the four heavens (of the Anuttara gods), be- 1 From this verse to verse 241 the length of life increases by one Ségarépamé in each following class of gods. LECTURE XXXVI. 229 ginning with Vigaya', (a) is thirty-three Sagarépamias, (4) thirty-one. (242) In the great Vimana Sarvartha(siddha) there is no difference between the longest and shortest duration of life, but it is always thirty-three Sagarépamas. (243) The longest and shortest duration of the gods’ (continuance in the same kind of) body is equal to that which has been given for their life. (244, 2457, 246 = 159, 160) We have described the Living Beings, the worldly and the perfected ones, and we have described the Lifeless Things, those possessing form and those without form. (247) Having thus learned (the nature of) living beings and lifeless things which is in accordance with the principles of reasoning’, and believing in it, a sage should delight in self-control. (248) After having lived as a Sramavza many years, a sage should mortify himself* by the following. religious exercises. (249) The longest duration of the mortification is twelve years; the middle, one year; and the shortest, six months. (250) 1 Viz. Vigaya, Vaigayanta, Gayanta, and Apar4gita. * Two MSS. (A and D) insert after verses 245 the following two verses: The longest interval between a Graivéyika’s leaving his rank in Anata, &c., and being again born to it, is an endless time, the shortest is from two to nine years. In the case of Anuttara gods the longest interval is a Sagaré6pamé plus one Samkhyéya, the shortest is from two to nine years. 5 Naya.
3In the case of Anuttara gods the longest interval is a Sagaré6pamé plus one Samkhyéya, the shortest is from two to nine years. 5 Naya. 4 The last self-mortification, samlekhana, which is to end with death, is intended here. Some details about it will be found in part i, p. 74 *. 230 UTTARADHYAYANA. In the first four years he should abstain from dressed food', in the second four years he should keep various fasts. (251) During two years he should eat Afamla? at the end of every second fast; in the following half year he should keep not too long fasts. (252) In the second half of the year he should keep long fasts. During the whole year he should eat but small portions of Aé4mla*. (253) During the (last) year a sage should make the ends of two consecutive fasts meet’, and should break his fast after half a month or a whole month, (till he dies). (254) The following (Bh4vands), Kandarpa-, Abhiyégika-, Kilvisha-, Méha-, and Asuratva-(BhAvands‘), will lead to evil ways (i.e. bad births); they are obnoxious at the time of death. (255) Those souls who cherish heretical opinions, commit sins, and kill living beings, will not reach Bédhi at the time of death. (256) Those souls who cherish orthodox opinions, do not commit sins, and are enveloped in white Lésy4, will reach Bédhi at the time of death. (257) 1 Vigat-nigghhana. The meaning is that at the end of his fasts a monk should eat 44amla, nirvikvitika, &c. In the Avatri a verse from the NisithakQrni is quoted, which gives the same rule for the second four years. 2 Ayama=4éamla. Is this the same thing as the 4yamaga = 4k4maka mentioned XV, 13? See above, p. 72, note 2. 5 Kédisahiyam 4yamam=ké@6/isahitam 444mlam. The commentators give two explanations of this phrase: (1) Having fasted one day, one should take 444mla on the next day; (2) one should on the second day continue to abstain from 444mla. ‘ The definition of these technical terms is given below, verses 262 ff. LECTURE XXXVI. 231 Those souls who cherish heretical opinions, commit sins, and are enveloped in black LésyA, will not reach Bédhi at the time of death. (258) Those who love the creed of the Ginas and piously practise it, will be pure and free from the soil (of passions), and will (in due time) get out of the Circle of Births. (259) The miserable men who do not know the creed of the Ginas, will many times commit unholy suicide and die against their will. (260) Those who are well versed in the sacred lore and possess much knowledge, who awaken piety (in others) and appreciate their good qualities, are for this very reason worthy to hear the doctrine of salvation’. (261) .He who by ribaldry and buffoonery, by his comical habits and appearance, by jests and words amuses other people, realises the Kandarpa-Bhavané. (262) Those who practise spells and besmear their body with ashes for the sake of pleasure, amusement, or power, realise the Abhiyégika-~Bhavana*. (263)
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1(45) Q 226 UTTARADHYAYANA. Bhitas, Yakshas, Rakshasas, Kinnaras, Kimpurushas, Mahéragas, and Gandharvas. (206) 3. The moons, the suns, the Nakshatras, the planets, and the hosts of stars are the fivefold dwellings of the Gydtishkas. (207) 4. The Vaim4nika gods are of two kinds: a’, those who are born in the heavenly Kalpas, and 8’, those who are born in the regions above them !. (208) a’, The former are of twelve kinds: those who live in (the following Kalpas, after which they are named): Saudharma, fsAna, Sanatkum4ra, MAhéndra, Brahmaldéka, and Lantaka; (209) Mahdsukla, Sahasrdra, Anata, PrAsata a Arama, and Afyuta. These are the gods who are born in Kalpas. (210) 6’. The gods who are born in the regions above the Kalpas are of two kinds: a’. the Graivéyakas 3, and @’. the Anuttaras‘. The Graivéyakas are of nine kinds. (211) a. The lowest of the lowest, the middle of the lowest, the highest of the lowest, the lowest of the middle; (212) The middle of the middle, the highest of the middle, the lowest of the highest, the middle of the highest ; (213) The highest of the highest. These are the Graivéyaka gods. 1 They are termed Kalpépaga and Kalp§tfta. * T am not sure that these are the correct Sanskrit forms of the two last Kalpas ; the original has Anaya and PAanaya. * Le. those who live on the neck (griva), i.e. on the upper part of the universe. * Ie. those above whom there dwell no other gods. LECTURE XXXVI. 227 B’. The Vigayas, the Vaigayantas, the Gayantas, the Aparagitas (214) And the Sarvérthasiddhas: these are the five kinds of Anuttara gods. These and others besides are the many kinds of Vaimanika gods. (215-217 = 159-160) The longest duration of the life of the Bhauméyika gods is somewhat more than a SagarépamA, the smallest ten thousand years. (218) The longest duration of the life of the Vyantaras is one Palyépamé, the shortest is ten thousand years. (219) The longest duration of the life of the Gyétishkas is one Palyépamé plus one hundred thousand years, the shortest is the eighth part of a PalyépamA. (220) The longest duration of life in the Saudharmakalpa is two Sagarépamas, the shortest is one Palyépamé. (221) (In the same way (a) the longest, and (4) the shortest duration of life in the remaining Kalpas and heavenly regions is given in the original. I give in the sequel the substance only of each verse.) In fs4na Kalpa (2) is somewhat more than a Sd4garépam4, (4) somewhat more than a Palyépamé. (222) In Sanatkuméra Kalpa (a) is seven, (4) two SAgarépamés. (223) In M&héndra Kalpa (a) is somewhat more than seven SAgarépamds, (4) somewhat more than two. (224) In Brahmal6éka Kalpa (a) is ten SAgarépamas, (4) seven. (225) In Lantaka Kalpa (a) is fourteen Sagarépamias, (4) ten. (226) Q2 228 UTTARADHYAYANA. In Mah4sukla Kalpa(a) is seventeen Sagarépamas, (6) fourteen!. (227) In Sahasrara Kalpa (a) is eighteen Sagarépamas, (4) seventeen. (228)
2(224) In Brahmal6éka Kalpa (a) is ten SAgarépamas, (4) seven. (225) In Lantaka Kalpa (a) is fourteen Sagarépamias, (4) ten. (226) Q2 228 UTTARADHYAYANA. In Mah4sukla Kalpa(a) is seventeen Sagarépamas, (6) fourteen!. (227) In Sahasrara Kalpa (a) is eighteen Sagarépamas, (4) seventeen. (228) In Anata Kalpa (a) is nineteen SAgarépamAs, (4) eighteen. (229) In Prazata Kalpa (a2) is twenty Sagarépamas, (4) nineteen. (230) In Arava Kalpa (a) is twenty-one SagarépamAs, (4) twenty. (231) In A&yuta Kalpa (a) is twenty-two Sdgarépamias, (4) twenty-one. (232) In the first (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-three Sagarépamias, (4) twenty-two. (233) In the second (Graivéyika region) (a) is twentyfour SAgardpamas, (4) twenty-three. (234) In the third (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-five SAgarépamas, (4) twenty-four. (235) In the fourth (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-six Sagarépamias, (6) twenty-five. (236) In the fifth (Graivéyika region) (a) is twenty-seven SAgarépamis, (4) twenty-six. (237) In the sixth (Graivéyika region) (a) is twentyeight SadgarépamAs, (4) twenty-seven. (238) In the seventh (Graivéyika region) (a) is twentynine Saégarépamas, (4) twenty-eight. (239) In the eighth (Graivéyika region) (a) is thirty SAgar6pamis, (4) twenty-nine. (240) In the ninth (Graivéyika region) (@) is thirty-one SAgarépamas, (4) thirty. (241) In the four heavens (of the Anuttara gods), be- 1 From this verse to verse 241 the length of life increases by one Ségarépamé in each following class of gods. LECTURE XXXVI. 229 ginning with Vigaya', (a) is thirty-three Sagarépamias, (4) thirty-one. (242) In the great Vimana Sarvartha(siddha) there is no difference between the longest and shortest duration of life, but it is always thirty-three Sagarépamas. (243) The longest and shortest duration of the gods’ (continuance in the same kind of) body is equal to that which has been given for their life. (244, 2457, 246 = 159, 160) We have described the Living Beings, the worldly and the perfected ones, and we have described the Lifeless Things, those possessing form and those without form. (247) Having thus learned (the nature of) living beings and lifeless things which is in accordance with the principles of reasoning’, and believing in it, a sage should delight in self-control. (248) After having lived as a Sramavza many years, a sage should mortify himself* by the following. religious exercises. (249) The longest duration of the mortification is twelve years; the middle, one year; and the shortest, six months. (250) 1 Viz. Vigaya, Vaigayanta, Gayanta, and Apar4gita. * Two MSS. (A and D) insert after verses 245 the following two verses: The longest interval between a Graivéyika’s leaving his rank in Anata, &c., and being again born to it, is an endless time, the shortest is from two to nine years. In the case of Anuttara gods the longest interval is a Sagaré6pamé plus one Samkhyéya, the shortest is from two to nine years. 5 Naya.
3In the case of Anuttara gods the longest interval is a Sagaré6pamé plus one Samkhyéya, the shortest is from two to nine years. 5 Naya. 4 The last self-mortification, samlekhana, which is to end with death, is intended here. Some details about it will be found in part i, p. 74 *. 230 UTTARADHYAYANA. In the first four years he should abstain from dressed food', in the second four years he should keep various fasts. (251) During two years he should eat Afamla? at the end of every second fast; in the following half year he should keep not too long fasts. (252) In the second half of the year he should keep long fasts. During the whole year he should eat but small portions of Aé4mla*. (253) During the (last) year a sage should make the ends of two consecutive fasts meet’, and should break his fast after half a month or a whole month, (till he dies). (254) The following (Bh4vands), Kandarpa-, Abhiyégika-, Kilvisha-, Méha-, and Asuratva-(BhAvands‘), will lead to evil ways (i.e. bad births); they are obnoxious at the time of death. (255) Those souls who cherish heretical opinions, commit sins, and kill living beings, will not reach Bédhi at the time of death. (256) Those souls who cherish orthodox opinions, do not commit sins, and are enveloped in white Lésy4, will reach Bédhi at the time of death. (257) 1 Vigat-nigghhana. The meaning is that at the end of his fasts a monk should eat 44amla, nirvikvitika, &c. In the Avatri a verse from the NisithakQrni is quoted, which gives the same rule for the second four years. 2 Ayama=4éamla. Is this the same thing as the 4yamaga = 4k4maka mentioned XV, 13? See above, p. 72, note 2. 5 Kédisahiyam 4yamam=ké@6/isahitam 444mlam. The commentators give two explanations of this phrase: (1) Having fasted one day, one should take 444mla on the next day; (2) one should on the second day continue to abstain from 444mla. ‘ The definition of these technical terms is given below, verses 262 ff. LECTURE XXXVI. 231 Those souls who cherish heretical opinions, commit sins, and are enveloped in black LésyA, will not reach Bédhi at the time of death. (258) Those who love the creed of the Ginas and piously practise it, will be pure and free from the soil (of passions), and will (in due time) get out of the Circle of Births. (259) The miserable men who do not know the creed of the Ginas, will many times commit unholy suicide and die against their will. (260) Those who are well versed in the sacred lore and possess much knowledge, who awaken piety (in others) and appreciate their good qualities, are for this very reason worthy to hear the doctrine of salvation’. (261) .He who by ribaldry and buffoonery, by his comical habits and appearance, by jests and words amuses other people, realises the Kandarpa-Bhavané. (262) Those who practise spells and besmear their body with ashes for the sake of pleasure, amusement, or power, realise the Abhiyégika-~Bhavana*. (263)
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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