Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 23 — The Zend-Avesta, Part II / Yasts & Nyayis (Darmesteter, page scans)

ly //z^areiithra, the son of Zarathu^tra ^

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Daevo- Ih'is, the son of Takhma.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Thrimithwa;2/, the son of Spitama I

We worship the Fravashi of the holy D(2ungha, the son of Zairita.

99. We worship the Fravashi of the holy king Vktaspa^; the gallant one, who was the incarnate

^ ' By Zaratiut were begotten three sons and three daughters ; one son was Isa</vastar, one Aurvata^-nar, and one Khurshet/- -^ihar; as Isaa'vastar was chief of the priests he became the Mobad of Mobads, and passed away in the hundredth year of the religion ; Aurvatac^-nar was an agriculturist, and the chief of the enclosure formed by Yim, which is below the earth (see Vend. II, 43 [141]); Khurshe^-y^ihar was a warrior, commander of the army of Peshyotanu, son of Vijtasp (see Yt. XXIV, 4), and dwells in Kangdes ; and of the three daughters the name of one was Fren, of one Srit, and of one P6ru/{'ist (see Yt. XIII, 139). A6rvata^-nar and Khurshea'-y^ihar were from a serving (/takar) wife, the rest were from a privileged (pa^akhshah) wife ' (Bund. XXXII, 5-6 ; tr. West).

^ According to Anquetil, ' the threefold seed of Spitama Zarathuj-tra;' cf. above, § 62.

* The king of Bactra, the champion of Zoroastrism ; cf. Yt. V, 98, 108.

p. 205

Word, the mighty-speared, and lordly one ; who, driving the Dru^ ^ before him, sought wide room for the holy religion; who, driving the Dru^^ before him, made wide room for the holy religion, who made himself the arm and support of this law of Ahura, of this law of Zarathui-tra.

I oo. Who took her ^, standing bound ^, from the hands of the Hunus'^, and established her to sit in the middle [of the world], high ruling, never falling back, holy, nourished with plenty of cattle and pastures, blessed with plenty of cattle and pastures ^ loi. We worship the Fravashi of the holy Zairivairi ^ ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Yukhtavairi ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Sriraokh-. shan ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Keresaokhshan ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Vanara ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Varaza ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Bto^isravah ^ ;

^ Dru^a paurva«-^a, possibly, ' with the spear pushed forwards' (reading dru-^a),

2 Daena, the religion. s Cf. Yt. 11, 15.

* A generic name of the people called elsewhere Varedhakas (Yt. IX, 31 ; XVII, 51) or ZTz^yaonas (ibid, and XIX, 87).

Bto^isravah ^ ;

^ Dru^a paurva«-^a, possibly, ' with the spear pushed forwards' (reading dru-^a),

2 Daena, the religion. s Cf. Yt. 11, 15.

* A generic name of the people called elsewhere Varedhakas (Yt. IX, 31 ; XVII, 51) or ZTz^yaonas (ibid, and XIX, 87). The Hunus have been compared with the Hunni ; but it is not certain that this is a proper name ; it may be a disparaging denomination, meaning the brood (hunu=:Sansk. slinu ; cf. Yt. X, 113).

^ Zarir, the brother of Vutaspa and son of Aurva/-aspa (see Yt. V, 1 1 2). The ten following seem to be the names of the other sons of Aurva/-aspa (Bund. XXXI, 29).

* Possibly the same with Pat-Khosrav, a brother to Vi.rtaspa in the Ya^kar-i Zariran, as Mr. West informs me.

p. 206

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Berezyar^ti ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Ti^yar^ti ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Perethuar>rti ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Vi^yar^ti.

1 02. We worship the Fravashi of the holy
Naptya ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Va-^aspa ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Habaspa.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Vistauru \ the son of Naotara.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Fra^-hamvareta ^ ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Frashokareta.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Atarevanu ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Atarepata;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Ataredata;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Atare- -^ithra ;

^ Gustahm, the son of Nodar ; see Yt. V, 76. Strangely enough, Tusa is not mentioned here, unless he is the same with one of the preceding names : possibly the words ' the son of Naotara ' (Naotairyana) refer to all the four.

" Possibly Frashidvard ij^s^J (misspelt from a Pahlavi form Fra^anvard ?»J)>»oo^e' (?) ; the Ya<fkar-i Zariran, as Mr. West informs me, has <f>')»oo^e) and 'J'o^'oo^fi')- Frashidvard was a son of Gujtasp : he was killed by one of Ar^asp's heroes and avenged by his brother Isfendyar (Speilto-data). The following names would belong to his brothers : most of them contain the word Atar, in honour of the newly-adopted worship of fire.

p. 207

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Atare- ^z'arenah ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Ataresavah ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Atareza;2tu ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Ataredanghii.

103. We worship the Fravashi of the holy
Hiukyaothna ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Pi^kyaothna ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy and gallant
Spe;^t6-d^ta ^.

Fravashi of the holy Atareza;2tu ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Ataredanghii.

103. We worship the Fravashi of the holy
Hiukyaothna ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Pi^kyaothna ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy and gallant
Spe;^t6-d^ta ^.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Bastavairi ^ ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Kavarazem ^

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Frashaoi'tra *, the son of Hvova ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Camaspa ^, the son of Hvova ;

^ Isfendyar, the heroic son of Gujtasp, killed by Rustem.

^ In the YadkdT-l Zariran, according to Mr. West, Bastvar, the son of Zairivairi, whose death he avenges on his murderer Vidraf^. This makes Bastavairi identical with the Nastur^::^ of Firdausi (read Bastur j>.".>^>).

^ Kavarazem is the Gurezm of later tradition (-];.j)> 'the jealous brother of Isfendyar, whom he slandered to his father and caused to be thrown into prison' (Burhan qati'h). Firdausi (IV, 432) has only that he was a relation to Gii^tasp : ]j^.^^li^S"i.^ ^x.^ iy, ;_/jjJ*- ^^^ Etudes Iraniennes, II, 230.

* Who gave his daughter, Hvovi, in marriage to Zarathujtra (YasnaL [XLIX], 4, 17).

» See Yt. V, 68.

p. 208

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Avarao^tri \

104. We worship the Fravashi of the holy
Hui-kyaothna, the son of Frashao-rtra ;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy //"z^adaena, the son of Frashao^tra.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Hanghaurv(^ungh, the son of 6^amaspa ^;

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Vareshna, the son of Hanghaurv^ungh.

We worship the Fravashi of the holy Vohunemah, the son of Avaraoi"tri,

To withstand evil dreams, to withstand evil visions, to withstand evil . . . .^ to withstand the evil Pairikas.

105. We worship the Fravashi of the holy Mathravaka, the son of Simae^'i, the Aethrapati, the Hamidhpati *, who was able to smite down most of the evil, unfaithful Ashemaoghas, that shout the hymns ^, and acknowledge no lord and no master '', the dreadful ones whose Fravashis are to be broken'^; to withstand the evil done by the faithful «.

^ Another brother to Frashao^tra (?).

^ The son of Gamasp in the Shah Namah is called Girami and Garamik-kard? in the Ya^ar-i Zariran. ^ ? Aoiwra.

* Aethrapati, in Parsi herbad, a priest, whose special function is to teach ; his pupils were called aethrya. Aethrapati meant literally 'the master of the hearth' (cf. herkodah, fire-temple). Hamidhpati is literally 'the master of the sacrificial log.'

^ Doubtful.

* No temporal lord (ahu) and no spiritual master (ratu).