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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... VIII. 28. ' Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathujtra ! unto this spring of mine, Ardvi Sura Anahita .... 29. * To her did A^-i Dahaka^ the three-mouthed, offer up a sacrifice in the land of Bawri^, with a ^ After his brother Takhma Urupa, who reigned before him, had been killed and devoured by Angra Mainyu (Yt. IV, 11, note). 2 When Yima began to sin and lost the HvsiXtwo (Glory), he was overthrown by Azi Dahaka (Zohak), who seized the power and reigned in his place for a thousand years (cf. Yt. XIX, 33 seq.). Asi Dahaka, literally 'the fiendish snake,' was first a mythical personage ; he was the ' snake ' of the storm-cloud, and a counter- part of the Vedic Ahi or Vr/tra. He appears still in that character in Ya^t XIX seq., where he is described struggling for the HvdiXtnb against Atar (Fire), in the sea Vourukasha (Vendidad, Introd. IV, 38 ; cf this Ya^t, § 90). His struggle with Yima Khshaeta bore at first the same mythological character, • the shining Yima ' being originally, like the Vedic Yama, a solar hero : when Yima was turned into an earthly king, Kz'x underwent the same fate. In the Shah Namah he is described as a man with two snakes springing from his shoulders : they grew there through a kiss of Ahriman's. For the myths referring to Azi, see Ormazd et Ahriman, §§ 91—95. ^ Babylon (cf Yt. XV, 19). The usurper Asi, being a non- Aryan, was identified with the hereditary foe, the Chaldseans : the name of Babylon united in it, at the same time, a dim historical record of the old Assyrian oppression, then shaken off and forgotten, and an actual expression of the national antipathy of the Iranians for their Semitic neighbours in Chalda^a. After the conquest of Persia by the Musulmans, Kzx was turned at last into an Arab. The original seat of the kz\ myths was on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea (Etudes Iraniennes, II, 210). ABAN YA,ST. 6 I hundred male horses, a thousand oxen, and ten thousand lambs. 30. 'He begged of her a boon, saying : " Grant me this boon, O good, most beneficent Ardvi Sura Anahita ! that I may make all the seven Karshvares of the earth empty of men." 31. 'Ardvi Sura Anahita did not grant him that boon, although he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating her that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... IX. 32.
2mpty of men." 31. 'Ardvi Sura Anahita did not grant him that boon, although he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating her that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... IX. 32. 'Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathujtra ! unto Ardvi Sura Anahita .... 33. 'To her did Thraetaona^ the heir^ of the valiant Athwya clan, offer up a sacrifice in the four- cornered Varena^, with a hundred male horses, a thousand oxen, ten thousand lambs. 34. 'He begged of her a boon, saying: "Grant me this, O good, most beneficent Ardvi Sura Ana- hita! that I may overcome Asi Dahaka, the three- mouthed, the three-headed, the six-eyed, who has a thousand senses^, that most powerful, fiendish Dru^, ^ Thraetaona (Feridun), son of Athwya, conquered Azi and bound him to Mount Damavand, where he is to stay till the end of the world, when he shall be let loose and then killed by Keresaspa (Vendidad, Introd. IV, 12, 18; Bahman Ya^t III, 55 seq.; Bund. XXIX, 8 seq.). ^ Vis6-puthra=Pahlavi barbita (see £tudes Iraniennes, II, 139)- * Cf. Vend. I, 18 and Introd. IV, 12. Modern tradition sup- poses Varena to have been the region of Ghilan (very likely on account of its proximity to Mazandaran and Mount Damavand). * See Yt. X, 82, note. 62 YASTS AND stROZAHS. that demon, baleful to the world, the strongest Drii^ that Angra Mainyu created against the mate- rial world, to destroy the world of the good prin- ciple ^ ; and that I may deliver his two wives, Savanghava/^ and Erenavai^ who are the fairest of body amongst women, and the most wonderful creatures in the worlds" 35. ' Ardvi Sura Anahita granted him that boon, as he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... X. 36. ' Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathu^tra ! unto Ardvi Sura Anahita .... 37. 'To her did Keresaspa *, the manly-hearted, offer up a sacrifice behind the Vairi Pisanah ^ with a 1 Cf. Yt. XIX, 37. ^ The two daughters of Yima, who had been ravished by Asi : they are called in the Shah Namah Shahrinaz and Arnavaz (see £tudes Iraniennes, II, 213, Savanghava/i' et Erenava/^). Thraetaona delivered them, and then married them ; he had a son, Airyu, from Arnavaz, and two sons from Shahrinaz, Tura and Sairima; Airyu, Tura, and Sairima became the kings of Iran, Turan, and Rum. 3 Cf Yt. IX, 14; XV, 24; XVII, 34.
3nghava/i' et Erenava/^). Thraetaona delivered them, and then married them ; he had a son, Airyu, from Arnavaz, and two sons from Shahrinaz, Tura and Sairima; Airyu, Tura, and Sairima became the kings of Iran, Turan, and Rum. 3 Cf Yt. IX, 14; XV, 24; XVII, 34. * Keresaspa (Garshasp), one of the greatest heroes in the Avestean romance, although Firdausi has all but passed him over in silence. See his feats, Yt. XIX, 38 seq. ; cf Yt. V, 27 seq. ; Yasna IX, 10 (29); Vend. I, 10 (36). ^ The Pi^in valley, south of Cabool. It was in the land of Cabool that the Keresaspa legend had its rise, or at least it was localised there. It is in the plain near the Pi^in valley that Keresaspa lies asleep, till the end of the world comes (see Yt XIII, 61, note). ABAN VAST. 6^, hundred male horses, a thousand oxen, ten thousand lambs. 2)S. 'He begged of her a boon, saying: "Grant me this, O good, most beneficent Ardvi Sura Anahita ! that I may overcome the golden-heeled Ga7zdarewa\ thouo-h all the shores of the sea Vouru-Kasha are boiling over ; and that I may run up to the strong- hold of the fiend on the wide, round earth, whose ends lie afar." 39. 'Ardvi Sura Anahita granted him that boon, as he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacri- ficing, and entreating that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... ^ A Parsi poem, of a very late date, gives further details about Gandarewa. It was a monster who lived ' in the sea, on the moun- tain, and in the valley/ he was called Pashnah zarah, because the sea did not go above his heel (a misinterpretation of his Avestean epithet zairi pashna, golden-heeled, the Zend zairi being mis- taken for the Persian zarah i', sea); his head would rise to the sun and rub the sky ; he could swallow up twelve men at once. Keresaspa fought him for nine days and nine nights together ; he drew him at last from the bottom of the sea and smashed his head with his club: when he fell on the ground, many. countries were spoiled by his fall (Spiegel, Die traditionnelle Literatur der Parsen, p. 339, and West, Pahlavi Texts, II, pp. 369 seq.). In the Vedic mythology the Gandharva is the keeper of Soma, and is described now as a god, now as a fiend, according as he is a heavenly Soma-priest or a jealous possessor who grudges it to man. What was the original form of the myth in Mazdeism is not clear. In the Shah Namah he appears as the minister of Azi Dahaka. Cf Yt. XV, 27 seq., and Ormazd et Ahriman, pp. 99, note 5 ; 215, note i . 64 YA^-TS AND sIroZAHS.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... VIII. 28. ' Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathujtra ! unto this spring of mine, Ardvi Sura Anahita .... 29. * To her did A^-i Dahaka^ the three-mouthed, offer up a sacrifice in the land of Bawri^, with a ^ After his brother Takhma Urupa, who reigned before him, had been killed and devoured by Angra Mainyu (Yt. IV, 11, note). 2 When Yima began to sin and lost the HvsiXtwo (Glory), he was overthrown by Azi Dahaka (Zohak), who seized the power and reigned in his place for a thousand years (cf. Yt. XIX, 33 seq.). Asi Dahaka, literally 'the fiendish snake,' was first a mythical personage ; he was the ' snake ' of the storm-cloud, and a counter- part of the Vedic Ahi or Vr/tra. He appears still in that character in Ya^t XIX seq., where he is described struggling for the HvdiXtnb against Atar (Fire), in the sea Vourukasha (Vendidad, Introd. IV, 38 ; cf this Ya^t, § 90). His struggle with Yima Khshaeta bore at first the same mythological character, • the shining Yima ' being originally, like the Vedic Yama, a solar hero : when Yima was turned into an earthly king, Kz'x underwent the same fate. In the Shah Namah he is described as a man with two snakes springing from his shoulders : they grew there through a kiss of Ahriman's. For the myths referring to Azi, see Ormazd et Ahriman, §§ 91—95. ^ Babylon (cf Yt. XV, 19). The usurper Asi, being a non- Aryan, was identified with the hereditary foe, the Chaldseans : the name of Babylon united in it, at the same time, a dim historical record of the old Assyrian oppression, then shaken off and forgotten, and an actual expression of the national antipathy of the Iranians for their Semitic neighbours in Chalda^a. After the conquest of Persia by the Musulmans, Kzx was turned at last into an Arab. The original seat of the kz\ myths was on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea (Etudes Iraniennes, II, 210). ABAN YA,ST. 6 I hundred male horses, a thousand oxen, and ten thousand lambs. 30. 'He begged of her a boon, saying : " Grant me this boon, O good, most beneficent Ardvi Sura Anahita ! that I may make all the seven Karshvares of the earth empty of men." 31. 'Ardvi Sura Anahita did not grant him that boon, although he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating her that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... IX. 32.
2mpty of men." 31. 'Ardvi Sura Anahita did not grant him that boon, although he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating her that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... IX. 32. 'Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathujtra ! unto Ardvi Sura Anahita .... 33. 'To her did Thraetaona^ the heir^ of the valiant Athwya clan, offer up a sacrifice in the four- cornered Varena^, with a hundred male horses, a thousand oxen, ten thousand lambs. 34. 'He begged of her a boon, saying: "Grant me this, O good, most beneficent Ardvi Sura Ana- hita! that I may overcome Asi Dahaka, the three- mouthed, the three-headed, the six-eyed, who has a thousand senses^, that most powerful, fiendish Dru^, ^ Thraetaona (Feridun), son of Athwya, conquered Azi and bound him to Mount Damavand, where he is to stay till the end of the world, when he shall be let loose and then killed by Keresaspa (Vendidad, Introd. IV, 12, 18; Bahman Ya^t III, 55 seq.; Bund. XXIX, 8 seq.). ^ Vis6-puthra=Pahlavi barbita (see £tudes Iraniennes, II, 139)- * Cf. Vend. I, 18 and Introd. IV, 12. Modern tradition sup- poses Varena to have been the region of Ghilan (very likely on account of its proximity to Mazandaran and Mount Damavand). * See Yt. X, 82, note. 62 YASTS AND stROZAHS. that demon, baleful to the world, the strongest Drii^ that Angra Mainyu created against the mate- rial world, to destroy the world of the good prin- ciple ^ ; and that I may deliver his two wives, Savanghava/^ and Erenavai^ who are the fairest of body amongst women, and the most wonderful creatures in the worlds" 35. ' Ardvi Sura Anahita granted him that boon, as he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacrificing, and entreating that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... X. 36. ' Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathu^tra ! unto Ardvi Sura Anahita .... 37. 'To her did Keresaspa *, the manly-hearted, offer up a sacrifice behind the Vairi Pisanah ^ with a 1 Cf. Yt. XIX, 37. ^ The two daughters of Yima, who had been ravished by Asi : they are called in the Shah Namah Shahrinaz and Arnavaz (see £tudes Iraniennes, II, 213, Savanghava/i' et Erenava/^). Thraetaona delivered them, and then married them ; he had a son, Airyu, from Arnavaz, and two sons from Shahrinaz, Tura and Sairima; Airyu, Tura, and Sairima became the kings of Iran, Turan, and Rum. 3 Cf Yt. IX, 14; XV, 24; XVII, 34.
3nghava/i' et Erenava/^). Thraetaona delivered them, and then married them ; he had a son, Airyu, from Arnavaz, and two sons from Shahrinaz, Tura and Sairima; Airyu, Tura, and Sairima became the kings of Iran, Turan, and Rum. 3 Cf Yt. IX, 14; XV, 24; XVII, 34. * Keresaspa (Garshasp), one of the greatest heroes in the Avestean romance, although Firdausi has all but passed him over in silence. See his feats, Yt. XIX, 38 seq. ; cf Yt. V, 27 seq. ; Yasna IX, 10 (29); Vend. I, 10 (36). ^ The Pi^in valley, south of Cabool. It was in the land of Cabool that the Keresaspa legend had its rise, or at least it was localised there. It is in the plain near the Pi^in valley that Keresaspa lies asleep, till the end of the world comes (see Yt XIII, 61, note). ABAN VAST. 6^, hundred male horses, a thousand oxen, ten thousand lambs. 2)S. 'He begged of her a boon, saying: "Grant me this, O good, most beneficent Ardvi Sura Anahita ! that I may overcome the golden-heeled Ga7zdarewa\ thouo-h all the shores of the sea Vouru-Kasha are boiling over ; and that I may run up to the strong- hold of the fiend on the wide, round earth, whose ends lie afar." 39. 'Ardvi Sura Anahita granted him that boon, as he was offering libations, giving gifts, sacri- ficing, and entreating that she would grant him that boon. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice .... ^ A Parsi poem, of a very late date, gives further details about Gandarewa. It was a monster who lived ' in the sea, on the moun- tain, and in the valley/ he was called Pashnah zarah, because the sea did not go above his heel (a misinterpretation of his Avestean epithet zairi pashna, golden-heeled, the Zend zairi being mis- taken for the Persian zarah i', sea); his head would rise to the sun and rub the sky ; he could swallow up twelve men at once. Keresaspa fought him for nine days and nine nights together ; he drew him at last from the bottom of the sea and smashed his head with his club: when he fell on the ground, many. countries were spoiled by his fall (Spiegel, Die traditionnelle Literatur der Parsen, p. 339, and West, Pahlavi Texts, II, pp. 369 seq.). In the Vedic mythology the Gandharva is the keeper of Soma, and is described now as a god, now as a fiend, according as he is a heavenly Soma-priest or a jealous possessor who grudges it to man. What was the original form of the myth in Mazdeism is not clear. In the Shah Namah he appears as the minister of Azi Dahaka. Cf Yt. XV, 27 seq., and Ormazd et Ahriman, pp. 99, note 5 ; 215, note i . 64 YA^-TS AND sIroZAHS.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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