Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1; 45. He (the father) throws his debt on him (the son); and the father obtains immortality, if he sees the face of a living son. 46. Through a son he conquers the worlds, through a grandson he obtains immortality, and through the son’s grandson he gains the world of the sun. ; 47. No difference is made in this world between the son of a son and the son of a daughter; for even a daughter’s son works the salvation of a childless man, just like a son’s son. 44. ‘Svayambhfi means the Veda.’ (Nand.) [7] F 66 VISHNU. XVI, 1. XVI. 1. On women equal in caste (to their husbands) sons are begotten, who are equal in caste (to their fathers). 2. On women of lower caste than their husbands sons are begotten, who follow the caste of their mothers. 3. On women of higher caste than their husbands sons are begotten, who are despised by the twiceborn. 4. Among these, the son of a Sddra with a Vaisya woman is called Ayogava. 5. The Pukkasa and MAagadha are sons of a Vaisya and Sfdra respectively with a Kshatriya woman. 6. The Kazdala, Vaidehaka, and Sita are the sons of a Sidra, Vaisya, and Kshatriya respectively with a Brahmaza woman. 7. Besides these, there are innumerable other mixed castes produced by further intermixture between those that have been mentioned. 8. Ayogavas must live by artistic performances (such as public wrestling, dancing, and the like). 9. Pukkasas must live by hunting. 10. Magadhas must live-by calling out in public the good qualities (of saleable commodities). 11. Kandalas must live by executing criminals sentenced to death. XVI. 1. M. X, 5; Y.1, 90; Apast. II, 6, 13, 1. — 4-6. M.X, 11, 12; Y. I, 93, 94; Gaut. IV, 17. — 7. M. X, 31. — 8-15. M. X, 47-53. — 17. M. X, 57. — 18. M. X, 62. ro. According to Manu (X, 47) the Magadhas are to live by traffic. XVIL, 1. INHERITANCE. 67 12. Vaidehakas must live by keeping (dancing girls and other public) women and profiting by what they earn. 13. Sftas must live by managing horses. 14. Kanddlas must live out of the town, and their clothes must be the mantles of the deceased. In this their condition is different (from, and lower than, that of the other mixed castes). 15. All (members of mixed castes) should have intercourse (of marriage, and other community) only between themselves. 16. (In the lower castes also) the son inherits the _ property of his father. 17. All members of those mixed castes, whether their descent has been kept secret or is generally known, may be found out by their acts. 18. Desertion of life, regardless of reward, in order to save a Bréhmama, or a cow, or for the sake of a woman or child, may confer heavenly bliss even upon (members of those) base castes. XVII. 1. If a father makes a partition with his sons, he may dispose of his self-acquired property as he thinks best.
2XVII. 1. If a father makes a partition with his sons, he may dispose of his self-acquired property as he thinks best. XVII. 1. Y. I, 114. — 2. Y. Il, 121. — 3. M. IX, 216; Y. I, 122; Gaut. XXVIII, 29; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 2, CII. — 4-16. M. IX, 185-189; Y. II, 135-137; Apast. II, 6, 14, 2-3; Gaut. XXVIII, 21. — 4-13, 15. Colebrooke, Dig. V, 8, CCCCXVII; V, 8, CCCCLIX. — 17. M. IX, 211, 212; Y. II, 138; Gaut. XXVIII, 28. — 18. M. IX, 194, 195; Y.IJ, 143, 144; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 9, CCCCLVII. — 19. M. IX, 196; Y. II, 145. — 20. M. IX, 197; Y. II, 145. — 21. M. IX, 192; Y. II, 145; Gaut. XXVIII, 24; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 9, CCCCXCIV. — 22. M. IX, 200; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 9, CCCCLXXIII. — 23. Y. II, 120. F 2 68 VISHNU. XVII, 2. 2. But in regard to wealth inherited of the paternal grandfather, the ownership of father and son is equal. 3. (Sons), who have separated from their father, should give a share to (a brother) who is born after partition. 4. The wealth of a man who dies without male issue goes to his wife; 5. On failure of her, to his daughter ; 6. On failure of her, to his father ; 7. On failure of him, to his mother ; 8. On failure of her, to his brother ; g. On failure of him, to his brother’s son; 10. On failure of him, to the relations called Bandhu ; 11. On failure of them, to the relations called Sakulya ; 12. On failure of them, to a fellow-student ; 13. On failure of him, it goes to the king, with the exception of a Brahmaza’s property. 14. The property of a Brahmaza goes to (other) Brahmazas. 8. ‘On failure of brothers the sister inherits.’ (Nand.) 9. ‘On failure of a brother’s son the sister’s son inherits.’ (Nand.) 1o. Bandhu means Sapivda (allied by funeral oblations). The inheritance goes first to the Sapizdas on the father’s side in the following order: (the brother’s son), the brother’s grandson, the grandfather, his son, grandson, and great-grandson, the great-grandfather, his son, grandson, and great-grandson. Then follow the mother’s Sapindas in the same order. (Nand.) 11. Sakulya means distant kinsmen, beginning with the fifth in descent and ascent. On failure of such, the inheritance goes to the spiritual teacher ; on failure of him, to a pupil of the deceased, as ordained by Apastamba (II, 6, 14, 3); and on failure of him, to a fellow-student, as stated in Stra 12. (Nand.) XVII, 20. INHERITANCE, 69 15. The wealth of a (deceased) hermit shall be taken by his spiritual teacher ; 16, Or his pupil (may take it). 17. But let a reunited coparcener take the share of his reunited coparcener who has died (without issue), and a uterine brother that of his uterine brother, and let them give (the shares of their deceased coparceners and uterine brothers) to the sons of the latter.
317. But let a reunited coparcener take the share of his reunited coparcener who has died (without issue), and a uterine brother that of his uterine brother, and let them give (the shares of their deceased coparceners and uterine brothers) to the sons of the latter. 18. What has been given to a woman by her father, mother, sons, or brothers, what she has received before the sacrificial fire (at the marriage ceremony), what she receives on supersession, what has been given to her by her relatives, her fee (Sulka), and a gift subsequent, are called ‘woman’s property’ (Stridhana). 19. If a woman married according to (one of the first) four rites, beginning with the Brahma rite, dies without issue, that (Stridhana) belongs to her husband. 20. (If she has been married) according to (one of) the other (four reprehensible rites), her father shall take it. 18. ‘ Sulka, “ fee,” denotes the price or value of a house or other valuable object presented to the bride by her father; or it means the fee paid for her by the bridegroom.’ (Nand.) The latter interpretation is evidently the correct one. The bride’s ‘fee’ (see Gaut. XXVIII, 25), from being originally the price due to the parents or guardian of the bride for surrendering her to the bridegroom, became in after times a wedding present, which the bride received from the bridegroom either directly or through her parents. This is the only way to account for the Sulka being enumerated among the constituent parts of Stridhana in this place. See also I. D. Mayne, Hindu Law and Usage, §§ 77, 566; Mayr, Indisches Erbrecht, 170 seq.; Jolly, Stellung der Frauen, 23, note. 19, 20. See XXIV, 17-27. 70 VISHNU. XVII, 21. 21. If she dies leaving children, her wealth goes in every case to her daughter. 22. Ornaments worn by women when their husbands were alive, the heirs shall not divide among themselves ; if they divide them, they become outcasts. 23. (Coparceners) descended from different fathers must adjust their shares according to the fathers. Let each take the wealth due to his father, no other (has a right to it). XVIII. 1. If there are four sons of a Brahmava (springing from four different wives) of the four castes, they shall divide the whole estate of their father into ten parts. 2. Of these, let the son of the Brahmaza wife take four parts ; 3. The son of the Kshatriya wife, three parts ; 4. The son of the Vaisya wife, two parts ; 5. The son of the Sddra wife, a single part. 22. My rendering of this Sloka is based upon Kullika’s interpretation of the identical passage of Manu (IX, 200), which is supported by Vigtanesvara (Mitakshara I, 4, 19 in Colebrooke’s version), Madhava (Burnell, Daya-Vibhaga 51), Varadaréga (Burnell, Varadaraga’s Vyavaharanirnaya 49), and others. Nand. proposes a different interpretation, on which rests Dr. Biihler’s rendering, ‘Those ornaments, which the wives usually wear, should not be divided by the heirs whilst the husbands are alive,’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1; 45. He (the father) throws his debt on him (the son); and the father obtains immortality, if he sees the face of a living son. 46. Through a son he conquers the worlds, through a grandson he obtains immortality, and through the son’s grandson he gains the world of the sun. ; 47. No difference is made in this world between the son of a son and the son of a daughter; for even a daughter’s son works the salvation of a childless man, just like a son’s son. 44. ‘Svayambhfi means the Veda.’ (Nand.) [7] F 66 VISHNU. XVI, 1. XVI. 1. On women equal in caste (to their husbands) sons are begotten, who are equal in caste (to their fathers). 2. On women of lower caste than their husbands sons are begotten, who follow the caste of their mothers. 3. On women of higher caste than their husbands sons are begotten, who are despised by the twiceborn. 4. Among these, the son of a Sddra with a Vaisya woman is called Ayogava. 5. The Pukkasa and MAagadha are sons of a Vaisya and Sfdra respectively with a Kshatriya woman. 6. The Kazdala, Vaidehaka, and Sita are the sons of a Sidra, Vaisya, and Kshatriya respectively with a Brahmaza woman. 7. Besides these, there are innumerable other mixed castes produced by further intermixture between those that have been mentioned. 8. Ayogavas must live by artistic performances (such as public wrestling, dancing, and the like). 9. Pukkasas must live by hunting. 10. Magadhas must live-by calling out in public the good qualities (of saleable commodities). 11. Kandalas must live by executing criminals sentenced to death. XVI. 1. M. X, 5; Y.1, 90; Apast. II, 6, 13, 1. — 4-6. M.X, 11, 12; Y. I, 93, 94; Gaut. IV, 17. — 7. M. X, 31. — 8-15. M. X, 47-53. — 17. M. X, 57. — 18. M. X, 62. ro. According to Manu (X, 47) the Magadhas are to live by traffic. XVIL, 1. INHERITANCE. 67 12. Vaidehakas must live by keeping (dancing girls and other public) women and profiting by what they earn. 13. Sftas must live by managing horses. 14. Kanddlas must live out of the town, and their clothes must be the mantles of the deceased. In this their condition is different (from, and lower than, that of the other mixed castes). 15. All (members of mixed castes) should have intercourse (of marriage, and other community) only between themselves. 16. (In the lower castes also) the son inherits the _ property of his father. 17. All members of those mixed castes, whether their descent has been kept secret or is generally known, may be found out by their acts. 18. Desertion of life, regardless of reward, in order to save a Bréhmama, or a cow, or for the sake of a woman or child, may confer heavenly bliss even upon (members of those) base castes. XVII. 1. If a father makes a partition with his sons, he may dispose of his self-acquired property as he thinks best.
2XVII. 1. If a father makes a partition with his sons, he may dispose of his self-acquired property as he thinks best. XVII. 1. Y. I, 114. — 2. Y. Il, 121. — 3. M. IX, 216; Y. I, 122; Gaut. XXVIII, 29; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 2, CII. — 4-16. M. IX, 185-189; Y. II, 135-137; Apast. II, 6, 14, 2-3; Gaut. XXVIII, 21. — 4-13, 15. Colebrooke, Dig. V, 8, CCCCXVII; V, 8, CCCCLIX. — 17. M. IX, 211, 212; Y. II, 138; Gaut. XXVIII, 28. — 18. M. IX, 194, 195; Y.IJ, 143, 144; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 9, CCCCLVII. — 19. M. IX, 196; Y. II, 145. — 20. M. IX, 197; Y. II, 145. — 21. M. IX, 192; Y. II, 145; Gaut. XXVIII, 24; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 9, CCCCXCIV. — 22. M. IX, 200; Colebrooke, Dig. V, 9, CCCCLXXIII. — 23. Y. II, 120. F 2 68 VISHNU. XVII, 2. 2. But in regard to wealth inherited of the paternal grandfather, the ownership of father and son is equal. 3. (Sons), who have separated from their father, should give a share to (a brother) who is born after partition. 4. The wealth of a man who dies without male issue goes to his wife; 5. On failure of her, to his daughter ; 6. On failure of her, to his father ; 7. On failure of him, to his mother ; 8. On failure of her, to his brother ; g. On failure of him, to his brother’s son; 10. On failure of him, to the relations called Bandhu ; 11. On failure of them, to the relations called Sakulya ; 12. On failure of them, to a fellow-student ; 13. On failure of him, it goes to the king, with the exception of a Brahmaza’s property. 14. The property of a Brahmaza goes to (other) Brahmazas. 8. ‘On failure of brothers the sister inherits.’ (Nand.) 9. ‘On failure of a brother’s son the sister’s son inherits.’ (Nand.) 1o. Bandhu means Sapivda (allied by funeral oblations). The inheritance goes first to the Sapizdas on the father’s side in the following order: (the brother’s son), the brother’s grandson, the grandfather, his son, grandson, and great-grandson, the great-grandfather, his son, grandson, and great-grandson. Then follow the mother’s Sapindas in the same order. (Nand.) 11. Sakulya means distant kinsmen, beginning with the fifth in descent and ascent. On failure of such, the inheritance goes to the spiritual teacher ; on failure of him, to a pupil of the deceased, as ordained by Apastamba (II, 6, 14, 3); and on failure of him, to a fellow-student, as stated in Stra 12. (Nand.) XVII, 20. INHERITANCE, 69 15. The wealth of a (deceased) hermit shall be taken by his spiritual teacher ; 16, Or his pupil (may take it). 17. But let a reunited coparcener take the share of his reunited coparcener who has died (without issue), and a uterine brother that of his uterine brother, and let them give (the shares of their deceased coparceners and uterine brothers) to the sons of the latter.
317. But let a reunited coparcener take the share of his reunited coparcener who has died (without issue), and a uterine brother that of his uterine brother, and let them give (the shares of their deceased coparceners and uterine brothers) to the sons of the latter. 18. What has been given to a woman by her father, mother, sons, or brothers, what she has received before the sacrificial fire (at the marriage ceremony), what she receives on supersession, what has been given to her by her relatives, her fee (Sulka), and a gift subsequent, are called ‘woman’s property’ (Stridhana). 19. If a woman married according to (one of the first) four rites, beginning with the Brahma rite, dies without issue, that (Stridhana) belongs to her husband. 20. (If she has been married) according to (one of) the other (four reprehensible rites), her father shall take it. 18. ‘ Sulka, “ fee,” denotes the price or value of a house or other valuable object presented to the bride by her father; or it means the fee paid for her by the bridegroom.’ (Nand.) The latter interpretation is evidently the correct one. The bride’s ‘fee’ (see Gaut. XXVIII, 25), from being originally the price due to the parents or guardian of the bride for surrendering her to the bridegroom, became in after times a wedding present, which the bride received from the bridegroom either directly or through her parents. This is the only way to account for the Sulka being enumerated among the constituent parts of Stridhana in this place. See also I. D. Mayne, Hindu Law and Usage, §§ 77, 566; Mayr, Indisches Erbrecht, 170 seq.; Jolly, Stellung der Frauen, 23, note. 19, 20. See XXIV, 17-27. 70 VISHNU. XVII, 21. 21. If she dies leaving children, her wealth goes in every case to her daughter. 22. Ornaments worn by women when their husbands were alive, the heirs shall not divide among themselves ; if they divide them, they become outcasts. 23. (Coparceners) descended from different fathers must adjust their shares according to the fathers. Let each take the wealth due to his father, no other (has a right to it). XVIII. 1. If there are four sons of a Brahmava (springing from four different wives) of the four castes, they shall divide the whole estate of their father into ten parts. 2. Of these, let the son of the Brahmaza wife take four parts ; 3. The son of the Kshatriya wife, three parts ; 4. The son of the Vaisya wife, two parts ; 5. The son of the Sddra wife, a single part. 22. My rendering of this Sloka is based upon Kullika’s interpretation of the identical passage of Manu (IX, 200), which is supported by Vigtanesvara (Mitakshara I, 4, 19 in Colebrooke’s version), Madhava (Burnell, Daya-Vibhaga 51), Varadaréga (Burnell, Varadaraga’s Vyavaharanirnaya 49), and others. Nand. proposes a different interpretation, on which rests Dr. Biihler’s rendering, ‘Those ornaments, which the wives usually wear, should not be divided by the heirs whilst the husbands are alive,’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
No commentary for this page.