Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST London MACMILLAN AND CO. \ fines TIO 3 cH MEA . é ve Si PUBLISHERS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF Oxford THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS ' AND EDITED BY F. MAX MULLER VOL, ID @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1879. [All rights reserved] THE SACRED BOOKS OF CHINA THE TEXTS OF CONFUCIANISM TRANSLATED BY JAMES LEGGE PART I THE SHU KING THE RELIGIOUS PORTIONS OF THE SHIH KING THE HSIAO KING @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1879 [All rights reserved] a 7 a Z ( 9 / | Z HARVARD UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CONTENTS. . PAGE PREFACE. . : . . . . . . . . xiii THE SHO. INTRODUCTION. CHAP. I. THE NATURE AND HISTORY OF THE SHO. . . I Meaning of the name Shi King. The Shf existed as a collection of documents before Confucius. Number of documents in it in his time. The Preface ascribed to him. The sources of the Shi. Destruction of the classical literature by the emperor of XAin. Recovery of the Sha. II. THE CREDIBILITY OF THE RECORDS IN THE SHO . . 12 Are the records reliable or not? The Books of K4u; of Shang ; of Hsia. ‘The Books of Thang and Yii are professedly later compilations ; legendary ; based on ancient documents. The Tribute of Yii. Y4o, Shun, and Yii are all historical personages. III. ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF CHINA, AND THE PRINCIPAL ERAS INTHE SHO. . . re °) No detailed chronological system can be made out from the Shi. Attempts at systematic chronology began in the Han period. Ancient method of determining the length of Chinese history. The period of the Kau dynasty; of the Shang ; of the Hsia ; of Yao and Shun. A CHART BY THE REV. PROFESSOR PRITCHARD, representing the principal zodiacal stars above the horizon of any place in central China, about the year B.C. 2300; with note, and table of the apparent positions of the principal stars in B.C. 2300, B.C. 1500, A.D. I, A.D, 1000, and A.D. 1878 . . . 27-30 PART I. THE BOOK OF THANG. The Canon.of YAo . . . ee . . . . 31 viii CONTENTS. BOOK PYwNn wPoeb a 10, Il. AnwP yp PART II. THE BOOKS oF YU. The Canon of Shun . .t The Counsels of the Great Yii The Counsels of K4o-y4o . . : : : The Yi and AT. . : . . . . . . - ParRT III. THE Books oF HsiA. The Tribute of Yii. Section i ” ” ” ii The Speech at Kan : : . The Songs of the Five Sons. . . The Punitive Expedition of Yin
2THE BOOKS oF YU. The Canon of Shun . .t The Counsels of the Great Yii The Counsels of K4o-y4o . . : : : The Yi and AT. . : . . . . . . - ParRT III. THE Books oF HsiA. The Tribute of Yii. Section i ” ” ” ii The Speech at Kan : : . The Songs of the Five Sons. . . The Punitive Expedition of Yin ParT IV. THE BOOKS OF SHANG. The Speech of Thang. The Announcement of Kung-hui . . The Announcement of Thang The Instructions of f. .. . The Thai Kia. Section i ” ” ii . . . . . . yy di wo. . . The Common Possession of Pure Virtue . The Pan-kang. Section i yi The Charge to Yiieh. Section i ” ” » ii ” ” » iii . . . 1 oe The Day of the Supplementary Sacrifice to K4o Sung . The Chief of the West’s Conquest of Lit . . . The Count of Wei _ : . . PART V. THE BOOKS oF KAU. The Great Declaration. Sectioni . : . . . ” ” ” ii » iii The Speech at Ma . The Successful Completion of the War The Great Plan . . . . The Hounds of Lii The Metal-bound Coffer 64 72 78 81 84 89 92 95 100 104 108 III 113 115 116 118 120 121 125 127 129 131 133 137 149 151 CONTENTS. ix BOOK PAGE 7. The Great Announcement . . . . . . . 156 8. The Charge to the Count of Wei. : : . . 161 9. The Announcement to the Prince of Khang . . . 164 10. The Announcement about Drunkenness . : . .- &I7I 11. The Timber of the Rottlera’. . : - 179 12. The Announcement of the Duke of Shao : . . 81 13. The Announcement concerning Lo . . . . . 188 14. The Numerous Officers . . : : . . . 196 15. Against Luxurious Ease. . : . : . . 200 16. The Prince Shih . : . . . : . - 205 17. The Charge to Kung of Bhai . . . .. Qa 18. The Numerous Regions . . . . . . » 213 19. The Establishment of Government . . 1 . 219 20. The Officers of Kau . : : : : . : . 226 21. The Xiin-2kan . . . . . . . . . 231 22. The Testamentary Charge . . . oe . 234 23. The Announcement of King Khang . . . . - 243 24. The Charge to the Duke of Pf... . ‘ . e245 25. The Xiin-ya . . . : . . . . « 250 26. The Charge to Khiung- . » eww 252 27. The Marquis of Lii on Punishments . . . . . 254 28. The Charge to the Marquis Wan . . . . 265 29. The Speech at Pt . . . : . . 267 30. The Speech of the Marquis of Kin 2 oe ee 270 THE SHIH. INTRODUCTION. CHAP, I. THE NAME AND CONTENTS OF THE SHIH. : - 275 The meaning of the character Shih. The contents. Only the pieces of the fourth Part have professedly a religious character. Classification of the pieces from their form and style. II. THE SHIH BEFORE CONFUCIUS, AND WHAT, IF ANY, WERE HIS LABOURS UPON IT . . . . . . . 280 Statement of Sze-mA Xhien; in the Records of the Sui Dynasty; of AQ Hsi. View of the author. Groundlessness of Khien’s statement. What Confucius did for the Shih. x CONTENTS. CHAP, . III. THE SHIH FROM THE TIME OF CONFUCIUS TILL THE GENERAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE PRESENT TEXT From Confucius to the rise of the KAin dynasty. The Shih was all recovered after the fires of KAin. Three different texts :—of LQ; of XAi; of Han Ying. The text of M4o.
3x CONTENTS. CHAP, . III. THE SHIH FROM THE TIME OF CONFUCIUS TILL THE GENERAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE PRESENT TEXT From Confucius to the rise of the KAin dynasty. The Shih was all recovered after the fires of KAin. Three different texts :—of LQ; of XAi; of Han Ying. The text of M4o. IV. THE FORMATION OF THE COLLECTION OF THE SHIH; HOW IT CAME TO BE SO SMALL AND INCOMPLETE; THE INTERPRETATION AND AUTHORS OF THE PIECES; ONE POINT OF TIME CERTAINLY INDICATED IN IT; AND THE CONFUCIAN PREFACE . . . «© . The theory of the Chinese scholars about a collection of poems for governmental purposes. The music-master of the king got the odes of each state from its music-master ; and the collected poems were disseminated throughout the states. How the Shih is so small and incomplete. The authors of the pieces. The year B.C. 776 clearly indicated. The Preface to the Shih. ODES OF THE TEMPLE AND THE ALTAR. 1, The Sacrificial Odes of Shang . . «wet 2. The Sacrificial Odes of Kau. Decadei . . . ” ” ” » ii. : . . ” ” ” » (Wo. . : . 3. The Praise Odes of La a THE MINOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. Decade i. Odes 5, 6, 9 . . soe ee . » iv. Odes 5, 6, 7, 8,9,10 . . : . . . . » v. Odes1,2,3,4,69 . . . . . . » vi. Odes 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 . : » Vii, Odest,6 . 2. 2. 2. ee lee » Vili, Ode 5 rr THE Major ODES OF THE KINGDOM. Decade i. Odes 1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7,9,10 . . «© « » ii Odes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8,9, 10 . . . . . . » iii, Odes 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7,8, 10,11. . . LESSONS FROM THE STATES. Book 2. Odes2,4 . . . . . . . . . » 3 Odes4,15 . . . : . : : : . » 4 Odes 1, 3,6. . . : . . . PAGE 285 290 303 313 320 328 336 347 349 358 364 373 376 377 396 410 430 433 434 CONTENTS. xl PAGE Book 5. Ode4 . . . . : . . : . + 437 » 6 Odest,9 . . . . . . ’ . - 438 » 10 Odes8 11. ' . + 440 » U1. Odeo , : : . . . . : . - 442 » 15. Oder . . . . . . . . . - 444 THE HSIAO. INTRODUCTION. CHAP. . I, THE NAME OF THE CLASSIC; ITS EXISTENCE BEFORE THE HAN DYNASTY; ITS CONTENTS, AND BY WHOM IT WAS Meaning of the character Hsiao. Was the treatise called the Hsiao King by Confucius? It existed before the Han dynasty during the time of the Kau. It came, probably, from the school of 3ang-3ze. II. THE RECOVERY OF THE HsiAO0 UNDER THE HAN DYNASTY, AND ITS PRESERVATION DOWN TO THE PUBLICATION OF THE COMMENTARY OF THE THANG EMPEROR HSUAN 3UNG . . . . . . + 452 Recovery of the Hsiao. The shorter or modern text. The old or longer text. Was another copy in the old text discovered? Can we fully rely on the copies catalogued by Lia Hin? From Khung An-kwo to the emperor Hsiian ung. The emperor’s work. Hsing Ping’s work. III. Criticism OF THE HSIAO SINCE THE THANG DYNASTY 458 Works on the old text by Sze-m4 Kwang and Fan 8(-yii. Sceptical criticism ;—views of Ki Hst and Wa KAang. Conclusion regarding the genuineness and integrity of the Hsiao. Note on the translation. 1. The Scope and Meaning of the Treatise . . 465 2. Filial Piety in the Son of Heaven . . . . 467
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST London MACMILLAN AND CO. \ fines TIO 3 cH MEA . é ve Si PUBLISHERS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF Oxford THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS ' AND EDITED BY F. MAX MULLER VOL, ID @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1879. [All rights reserved] THE SACRED BOOKS OF CHINA THE TEXTS OF CONFUCIANISM TRANSLATED BY JAMES LEGGE PART I THE SHU KING THE RELIGIOUS PORTIONS OF THE SHIH KING THE HSIAO KING @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1879 [All rights reserved] a 7 a Z ( 9 / | Z HARVARD UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CONTENTS. . PAGE PREFACE. . : . . . . . . . . xiii THE SHO. INTRODUCTION. CHAP. I. THE NATURE AND HISTORY OF THE SHO. . . I Meaning of the name Shi King. The Shf existed as a collection of documents before Confucius. Number of documents in it in his time. The Preface ascribed to him. The sources of the Shi. Destruction of the classical literature by the emperor of XAin. Recovery of the Sha. II. THE CREDIBILITY OF THE RECORDS IN THE SHO . . 12 Are the records reliable or not? The Books of K4u; of Shang ; of Hsia. ‘The Books of Thang and Yii are professedly later compilations ; legendary ; based on ancient documents. The Tribute of Yii. Y4o, Shun, and Yii are all historical personages. III. ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF CHINA, AND THE PRINCIPAL ERAS INTHE SHO. . . re °) No detailed chronological system can be made out from the Shi. Attempts at systematic chronology began in the Han period. Ancient method of determining the length of Chinese history. The period of the Kau dynasty; of the Shang ; of the Hsia ; of Yao and Shun. A CHART BY THE REV. PROFESSOR PRITCHARD, representing the principal zodiacal stars above the horizon of any place in central China, about the year B.C. 2300; with note, and table of the apparent positions of the principal stars in B.C. 2300, B.C. 1500, A.D. I, A.D, 1000, and A.D. 1878 . . . 27-30 PART I. THE BOOK OF THANG. The Canon.of YAo . . . ee . . . . 31 viii CONTENTS. BOOK PYwNn wPoeb a 10, Il. AnwP yp PART II. THE BOOKS oF YU. The Canon of Shun . .t The Counsels of the Great Yii The Counsels of K4o-y4o . . : : : The Yi and AT. . : . . . . . . - ParRT III. THE Books oF HsiA. The Tribute of Yii. Section i ” ” ” ii The Speech at Kan : : . The Songs of the Five Sons. . . The Punitive Expedition of Yin
2THE BOOKS oF YU. The Canon of Shun . .t The Counsels of the Great Yii The Counsels of K4o-y4o . . : : : The Yi and AT. . : . . . . . . - ParRT III. THE Books oF HsiA. The Tribute of Yii. Section i ” ” ” ii The Speech at Kan : : . The Songs of the Five Sons. . . The Punitive Expedition of Yin ParT IV. THE BOOKS OF SHANG. The Speech of Thang. The Announcement of Kung-hui . . The Announcement of Thang The Instructions of f. .. . The Thai Kia. Section i ” ” ii . . . . . . yy di wo. . . The Common Possession of Pure Virtue . The Pan-kang. Section i yi The Charge to Yiieh. Section i ” ” » ii ” ” » iii . . . 1 oe The Day of the Supplementary Sacrifice to K4o Sung . The Chief of the West’s Conquest of Lit . . . The Count of Wei _ : . . PART V. THE BOOKS oF KAU. The Great Declaration. Sectioni . : . . . ” ” ” ii » iii The Speech at Ma . The Successful Completion of the War The Great Plan . . . . The Hounds of Lii The Metal-bound Coffer 64 72 78 81 84 89 92 95 100 104 108 III 113 115 116 118 120 121 125 127 129 131 133 137 149 151 CONTENTS. ix BOOK PAGE 7. The Great Announcement . . . . . . . 156 8. The Charge to the Count of Wei. : : . . 161 9. The Announcement to the Prince of Khang . . . 164 10. The Announcement about Drunkenness . : . .- &I7I 11. The Timber of the Rottlera’. . : - 179 12. The Announcement of the Duke of Shao : . . 81 13. The Announcement concerning Lo . . . . . 188 14. The Numerous Officers . . : : . . . 196 15. Against Luxurious Ease. . : . : . . 200 16. The Prince Shih . : . . . : . - 205 17. The Charge to Kung of Bhai . . . .. Qa 18. The Numerous Regions . . . . . . » 213 19. The Establishment of Government . . 1 . 219 20. The Officers of Kau . : : : : . : . 226 21. The Xiin-2kan . . . . . . . . . 231 22. The Testamentary Charge . . . oe . 234 23. The Announcement of King Khang . . . . - 243 24. The Charge to the Duke of Pf... . ‘ . e245 25. The Xiin-ya . . . : . . . . « 250 26. The Charge to Khiung- . » eww 252 27. The Marquis of Lii on Punishments . . . . . 254 28. The Charge to the Marquis Wan . . . . 265 29. The Speech at Pt . . . : . . 267 30. The Speech of the Marquis of Kin 2 oe ee 270 THE SHIH. INTRODUCTION. CHAP, I. THE NAME AND CONTENTS OF THE SHIH. : - 275 The meaning of the character Shih. The contents. Only the pieces of the fourth Part have professedly a religious character. Classification of the pieces from their form and style. II. THE SHIH BEFORE CONFUCIUS, AND WHAT, IF ANY, WERE HIS LABOURS UPON IT . . . . . . . 280 Statement of Sze-mA Xhien; in the Records of the Sui Dynasty; of AQ Hsi. View of the author. Groundlessness of Khien’s statement. What Confucius did for the Shih. x CONTENTS. CHAP, . III. THE SHIH FROM THE TIME OF CONFUCIUS TILL THE GENERAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE PRESENT TEXT From Confucius to the rise of the KAin dynasty. The Shih was all recovered after the fires of KAin. Three different texts :—of LQ; of XAi; of Han Ying. The text of M4o.
3x CONTENTS. CHAP, . III. THE SHIH FROM THE TIME OF CONFUCIUS TILL THE GENERAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF THE PRESENT TEXT From Confucius to the rise of the KAin dynasty. The Shih was all recovered after the fires of KAin. Three different texts :—of LQ; of XAi; of Han Ying. The text of M4o. IV. THE FORMATION OF THE COLLECTION OF THE SHIH; HOW IT CAME TO BE SO SMALL AND INCOMPLETE; THE INTERPRETATION AND AUTHORS OF THE PIECES; ONE POINT OF TIME CERTAINLY INDICATED IN IT; AND THE CONFUCIAN PREFACE . . . «© . The theory of the Chinese scholars about a collection of poems for governmental purposes. The music-master of the king got the odes of each state from its music-master ; and the collected poems were disseminated throughout the states. How the Shih is so small and incomplete. The authors of the pieces. The year B.C. 776 clearly indicated. The Preface to the Shih. ODES OF THE TEMPLE AND THE ALTAR. 1, The Sacrificial Odes of Shang . . «wet 2. The Sacrificial Odes of Kau. Decadei . . . ” ” ” » ii. : . . ” ” ” » (Wo. . : . 3. The Praise Odes of La a THE MINOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. Decade i. Odes 5, 6, 9 . . soe ee . » iv. Odes 5, 6, 7, 8,9,10 . . : . . . . » v. Odes1,2,3,4,69 . . . . . . » vi. Odes 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 . : » Vii, Odest,6 . 2. 2. 2. ee lee » Vili, Ode 5 rr THE Major ODES OF THE KINGDOM. Decade i. Odes 1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7,9,10 . . «© « » ii Odes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8,9, 10 . . . . . . » iii, Odes 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7,8, 10,11. . . LESSONS FROM THE STATES. Book 2. Odes2,4 . . . . . . . . . » 3 Odes4,15 . . . : . : : : . » 4 Odes 1, 3,6. . . : . . . PAGE 285 290 303 313 320 328 336 347 349 358 364 373 376 377 396 410 430 433 434 CONTENTS. xl PAGE Book 5. Ode4 . . . . : . . : . + 437 » 6 Odest,9 . . . . . . ’ . - 438 » 10 Odes8 11. ' . + 440 » U1. Odeo , : : . . . . : . - 442 » 15. Oder . . . . . . . . . - 444 THE HSIAO. INTRODUCTION. CHAP. . I, THE NAME OF THE CLASSIC; ITS EXISTENCE BEFORE THE HAN DYNASTY; ITS CONTENTS, AND BY WHOM IT WAS Meaning of the character Hsiao. Was the treatise called the Hsiao King by Confucius? It existed before the Han dynasty during the time of the Kau. It came, probably, from the school of 3ang-3ze. II. THE RECOVERY OF THE HsiAO0 UNDER THE HAN DYNASTY, AND ITS PRESERVATION DOWN TO THE PUBLICATION OF THE COMMENTARY OF THE THANG EMPEROR HSUAN 3UNG . . . . . . + 452 Recovery of the Hsiao. The shorter or modern text. The old or longer text. Was another copy in the old text discovered? Can we fully rely on the copies catalogued by Lia Hin? From Khung An-kwo to the emperor Hsiian ung. The emperor’s work. Hsing Ping’s work. III. Criticism OF THE HSIAO SINCE THE THANG DYNASTY 458 Works on the old text by Sze-m4 Kwang and Fan 8(-yii. Sceptical criticism ;—views of Ki Hst and Wa KAang. Conclusion regarding the genuineness and integrity of the Hsiao. Note on the translation. 1. The Scope and Meaning of the Treatise . . 465 2. Filial Piety in the Son of Heaven . . . . 467
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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