Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
11 The sentence here is incomplete. Many of the critics confess that the text is unintelligible to them. * It is difficult to say what the exact meaning here is. BOOK x11. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE OF SHAO. 181 to apply the paint of red and other colours ;—(so do you finish for me the work which I have begun in the state of Wei.)’ 2. Now let your majesty say, ‘ The former kings diligently employed their illustrious virtue, and produced such attachment by their cherishing (of the princes), that from all the states they brought offerings, and came with brotherly affection from all quarters, and likewise showed their virtue illustrious. Do you, O sovereign, use their methods to attach (the princes), and all the states will largely come with offerings. Great Heaven having given this Middle Kingdom with its people and territories to the former kings, do you, our present sovereign, display your virtue, effecting a gentle harmony among the deluded people, leading and urging them on;—so (also) will you comfort the former kings, who received the appointment (from Heaven). * ‘Yes, make these things your study. I say so simply from my wish that (your dynasty) may continue for myriads of years, and your descendants always be the protectors of the people.’ Book XII. Tue ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE oF SHAO. Suio was the name of a territory within the royal domain, corresponding to the present district of Hwan-44i, Kiang Xu, Shan-hsf. It was the appanage of Shih, one of the ablest of the men who lent their aid to the establishment of the dynasty of Ké4u. He appears in this Book as the Grand-Guardian at the court of king KA&ng, and we have met with him before in 182 THE SHO KING. PART V. the Hounds of Lti and the Metal-bound Coffer. He is introduced here in connexion with one of the most important enterprises of the duke of Kau, the building of the city of Lo, not very far from the present city of Lo-yang, in Ho-nan, as a new and central capital of the kingdom. King Wf had conceived the idea of such a city; but it was not carried into effect till the reign of his son, and is commonly assigned to AAing’s seventh year, in B.c. 1109. Shih belonged to the royal House, and of course had the surname Ai. He is styled the duke of Sho, as being one of the ‘three dukes,’ or three highest officers of the court, and also the chief of Sh4o, all the country west of Shen being under him, as all the east of it was under the duke of Kau. He was invested by WA with the principality of ‘the Northern Yen,’ corresponding to the present department of Shun-thien, Xih-li, which was held by his descendants fully nine hundred years. It was in Lo—while the building of it was proceeding—that he composed this Book, and sent it by the hands of the duke of Xu to their young sovereign.
2It was in Lo—while the building of it was proceeding—that he composed this Book, and sent it by the hands of the duke of Xu to their young sovereign. The whole may be divided into three chapters. The first contains various information about the arrangements for the building of Lo, first by the duke of Shao, and then by the duke of Kau; and about the particular occasion when the former recited the counsels which he had composed, that they might be made known to the king. These form the second chapter. First, it sets forth the uncertainty of the favour of Heaven, and urges the king to cultivate the ‘ virtue of reverence,’ in order to secure its permanence, and that he should not neglect his aged and experienced ministers. It speaks next of the importance and difficulty of the royal duties, and enforces the same virtue of reverence by reference to the rise and fall of the previous dynasties. Lastly, it sets forth the importance, at this early period of his reign, of the king’s at once setting about the reverence which was thus described. There is a concluding chapter, where the duke gives expression to his loyal and personal feelings for the king, and the purpose to be served by the offerings, which he was then sending to the court. The burden of the Announcement is ‘the virtue of reverence.’ Let the king only feel how much depended on his attending reverently to his duties, and all would be well. The people would love and support the dynasty of Kau, and Heaven would smile upon and sustain it. wo BOOK x11. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE OF sHAo. 183 1. In the second month, on the day Yi-wei, six days after full moon, the king proceeded in the morning from Aéu to Fang’. (Thence) the Grand- Guardian went before the duke of Au to survey the locality (of the new capital); and in the third month, on the day Wa-shan, the third day after the first appearance of the moon on Ping-wf, he came in the morning to Lo. He divined by the tortoiseshell about the (several) localities, and having obtained favourable indications, he set about laying out the plan (of the city).* On Ka&ng-hsii, the third day after, he led the people of Yin to prepare the various sites on the north of the Lo; and this work was completed on A7i4-yin, the fifth day after. On Yit-mdo, the day following, the duke of KAéu came in the morning to Lo, and thoroughly inspected the plan of the new city. On Ting-sze, the third day after, he offered two bulls as victims in the (northern and southern) suburbs?; and on the morrow, Wa-wd, at the altar to the spirit of the land in the new city, he sacrificed a bull, a ram, and a boar.* After seven days, on ia-4ze, in the morning, from his written (specifications) he gave their several orders to the people of Yin, and to the presiding chiefs of the princes from the H4u, Tien, and Nan domains. When the people of Yin had thus received their orders, they arose and entered with vigour on their work. (When the work was drawing to a completion),
3When the people of Yin had thus received their orders, they arose and entered with vigour on their work. (When the work was drawing to a completion), 1 That is, from W4's capital of H4o to king W4n’s at Fang. * By the addition to the text here of ‘northern and southern,’ I intimate my opinion that the duke of Au offered two sacrifices, one to Heaven at the altar in the southern suburb, and one to Earth in the northern suburb. 184 THE SHO KING. PART V. the Grand-Guardian went out with the hereditary princes of the various states to bring their offerings (for the king)1; and when he entered again, he gave them to the duke of A4u, saying, ‘With my hands to my head and my head to the ground, I present these to his Majesty and your Grace*. Announcements for the information of the multitudes of Yin must come from you, with whom is the management of affairs.’ 2. ‘Oh! God (dwelling in) the great heavens has changed his decree respecting his great son and the great dynasty of Yin. Our king has received that decree. Unbounded is the happiness connected with it, and unbounded is the anxiety :—Oh! how can he be other than reverent ?* ‘When Heaven rejected and made an end of the decree in favour of the great dynasty of Yin, there were many of its former wise kings in heaven.* The king, however, who had succeeded to them, the last of his race, from the time of his entering into their appointment, proceeded in such a way as at last to keep the wise in obscurity and the vicious in office. The poor people in such a case, carrying their children and leading their wives, made their moan to Heaven. They even fled away, but were apprehended again. Oh! Heaven had compassion on the people of the four quarters; its favouring 1 These ‘ offerings’ were the ‘presents of introduction,’ which the feudal princes brought with them to court, when they were to have audience of the king. This has led many critics to think that the king was now in Lo, which was not the case. * The original text here is difficult and remarkable ;—intended probably to indicate that the king’s majesty was revered in the person of the duke of au, who was regent, BOOK xl. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE OF SHAO. 185 ‘decree lighted on our earnest (founders). Let the king sedulously cultivate the virtue of reverence. *
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
11 The sentence here is incomplete. Many of the critics confess that the text is unintelligible to them. * It is difficult to say what the exact meaning here is. BOOK x11. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE OF SHAO. 181 to apply the paint of red and other colours ;—(so do you finish for me the work which I have begun in the state of Wei.)’ 2. Now let your majesty say, ‘ The former kings diligently employed their illustrious virtue, and produced such attachment by their cherishing (of the princes), that from all the states they brought offerings, and came with brotherly affection from all quarters, and likewise showed their virtue illustrious. Do you, O sovereign, use their methods to attach (the princes), and all the states will largely come with offerings. Great Heaven having given this Middle Kingdom with its people and territories to the former kings, do you, our present sovereign, display your virtue, effecting a gentle harmony among the deluded people, leading and urging them on;—so (also) will you comfort the former kings, who received the appointment (from Heaven). * ‘Yes, make these things your study. I say so simply from my wish that (your dynasty) may continue for myriads of years, and your descendants always be the protectors of the people.’ Book XII. Tue ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE oF SHAO. Suio was the name of a territory within the royal domain, corresponding to the present district of Hwan-44i, Kiang Xu, Shan-hsf. It was the appanage of Shih, one of the ablest of the men who lent their aid to the establishment of the dynasty of Ké4u. He appears in this Book as the Grand-Guardian at the court of king KA&ng, and we have met with him before in 182 THE SHO KING. PART V. the Hounds of Lti and the Metal-bound Coffer. He is introduced here in connexion with one of the most important enterprises of the duke of Kau, the building of the city of Lo, not very far from the present city of Lo-yang, in Ho-nan, as a new and central capital of the kingdom. King Wf had conceived the idea of such a city; but it was not carried into effect till the reign of his son, and is commonly assigned to AAing’s seventh year, in B.c. 1109. Shih belonged to the royal House, and of course had the surname Ai. He is styled the duke of Sho, as being one of the ‘three dukes,’ or three highest officers of the court, and also the chief of Sh4o, all the country west of Shen being under him, as all the east of it was under the duke of Kau. He was invested by WA with the principality of ‘the Northern Yen,’ corresponding to the present department of Shun-thien, Xih-li, which was held by his descendants fully nine hundred years. It was in Lo—while the building of it was proceeding—that he composed this Book, and sent it by the hands of the duke of Xu to their young sovereign.
2It was in Lo—while the building of it was proceeding—that he composed this Book, and sent it by the hands of the duke of Xu to their young sovereign. The whole may be divided into three chapters. The first contains various information about the arrangements for the building of Lo, first by the duke of Shao, and then by the duke of Kau; and about the particular occasion when the former recited the counsels which he had composed, that they might be made known to the king. These form the second chapter. First, it sets forth the uncertainty of the favour of Heaven, and urges the king to cultivate the ‘ virtue of reverence,’ in order to secure its permanence, and that he should not neglect his aged and experienced ministers. It speaks next of the importance and difficulty of the royal duties, and enforces the same virtue of reverence by reference to the rise and fall of the previous dynasties. Lastly, it sets forth the importance, at this early period of his reign, of the king’s at once setting about the reverence which was thus described. There is a concluding chapter, where the duke gives expression to his loyal and personal feelings for the king, and the purpose to be served by the offerings, which he was then sending to the court. The burden of the Announcement is ‘the virtue of reverence.’ Let the king only feel how much depended on his attending reverently to his duties, and all would be well. The people would love and support the dynasty of Kau, and Heaven would smile upon and sustain it. wo BOOK x11. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE OF sHAo. 183 1. In the second month, on the day Yi-wei, six days after full moon, the king proceeded in the morning from Aéu to Fang’. (Thence) the Grand- Guardian went before the duke of Au to survey the locality (of the new capital); and in the third month, on the day Wa-shan, the third day after the first appearance of the moon on Ping-wf, he came in the morning to Lo. He divined by the tortoiseshell about the (several) localities, and having obtained favourable indications, he set about laying out the plan (of the city).* On Ka&ng-hsii, the third day after, he led the people of Yin to prepare the various sites on the north of the Lo; and this work was completed on A7i4-yin, the fifth day after. On Yit-mdo, the day following, the duke of KAéu came in the morning to Lo, and thoroughly inspected the plan of the new city. On Ting-sze, the third day after, he offered two bulls as victims in the (northern and southern) suburbs?; and on the morrow, Wa-wd, at the altar to the spirit of the land in the new city, he sacrificed a bull, a ram, and a boar.* After seven days, on ia-4ze, in the morning, from his written (specifications) he gave their several orders to the people of Yin, and to the presiding chiefs of the princes from the H4u, Tien, and Nan domains. When the people of Yin had thus received their orders, they arose and entered with vigour on their work. (When the work was drawing to a completion),
3When the people of Yin had thus received their orders, they arose and entered with vigour on their work. (When the work was drawing to a completion), 1 That is, from W4's capital of H4o to king W4n’s at Fang. * By the addition to the text here of ‘northern and southern,’ I intimate my opinion that the duke of Au offered two sacrifices, one to Heaven at the altar in the southern suburb, and one to Earth in the northern suburb. 184 THE SHO KING. PART V. the Grand-Guardian went out with the hereditary princes of the various states to bring their offerings (for the king)1; and when he entered again, he gave them to the duke of A4u, saying, ‘With my hands to my head and my head to the ground, I present these to his Majesty and your Grace*. Announcements for the information of the multitudes of Yin must come from you, with whom is the management of affairs.’ 2. ‘Oh! God (dwelling in) the great heavens has changed his decree respecting his great son and the great dynasty of Yin. Our king has received that decree. Unbounded is the happiness connected with it, and unbounded is the anxiety :—Oh! how can he be other than reverent ?* ‘When Heaven rejected and made an end of the decree in favour of the great dynasty of Yin, there were many of its former wise kings in heaven.* The king, however, who had succeeded to them, the last of his race, from the time of his entering into their appointment, proceeded in such a way as at last to keep the wise in obscurity and the vicious in office. The poor people in such a case, carrying their children and leading their wives, made their moan to Heaven. They even fled away, but were apprehended again. Oh! Heaven had compassion on the people of the four quarters; its favouring 1 These ‘ offerings’ were the ‘presents of introduction,’ which the feudal princes brought with them to court, when they were to have audience of the king. This has led many critics to think that the king was now in Lo, which was not the case. * The original text here is difficult and remarkable ;—intended probably to indicate that the king’s majesty was revered in the person of the duke of au, who was regent, BOOK xl. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE DUKE OF SHAO. 185 ‘decree lighted on our earnest (founders). Let the king sedulously cultivate the virtue of reverence. *
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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