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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
17 is the At au of the Tribute of Yi. BOOK Iv. THE PUNITIVE EXPEDITION OF YIN. 81 Book IV. Tue Punitive Expepition or YIN. Tus Book is another of the ‘Speeches’ of the Shd, belonging to the reign of Kung Khang, a brother of Thai Khang, the fourth of the kings of Shang (B. c. 2159-2147). Hsi and Ho, the principal ministers of the Board of Astronomy, descended from those of the same name in the time of Y4o, had given themselves over to licentious indulgence in their private cities, and grossly neglected their duties. Especially had they been unobservant of an eclipse of the sun in autumn. The king considered them worthy of death, and commissioned the marquis of Yin to execute on them the sentence of his justice. Where Yin was is not now known. The principal part of the Book consists of the speech made by the marquis to his troops. 1. When Kung Khang commenced his reign over all within the four seas, the marquis of Yin was commissioned to take charge of the (king's) six hosts. (At this time) the Hst and Ho had neglected the duties of their office, and were abandoned to drink in: their (private) cities; and the marquis of Yin received the king’s charge to go and punish them. 2. He made an announcement to his hosts, saying, ‘Ah! ye, all my men, there are the well-counselled instructions of the sage (founder of our dynasty), clearly verified in their power to give stability and security :—‘ The former kings were carefully attentive to the warnings of Heaven!,* and their ministers observed the regular laws (of their offices). All the officers (moreover) watchfully did their duty to 1 That is, here, such warnings as were supposed to be conveyed by eclipses and other unusual celestial phenomena. [rt] G 82 THE SHO KING. PART Il. assist (the government), and their sovereign became entirely intelligent.” Every year, in the first month of spring, the herald, with his wooden-tongued bell, goes along the roads}, (proclaiming), “ Ye officers able to instruct, be prepared with your admonitions. Ye workmen engaged in mechanical affairs, remonstrate on the subjects of your employments. If any of you do not attend with respect (to this requirement), the country has regular punishments for you.”
2Ye workmen engaged in mechanical affairs, remonstrate on the subjects of your employments. If any of you do not attend with respect (to this requirement), the country has regular punishments for you.” ‘Now here are the Hst and Ho. They have allowed their virtue to be subverted, and are besotted by drink. They have violated the duties of their office, and left their posts. They have been the first to let the regulating of the heavenly (bodies) get into disorder, putting far from them their proper business. On the first day of the last month of autumn, the sun and moon did not meet harmoniously in Fang. The blind musicians beat their drums; the inferior officers galloped, and the common people (employed about the public offices) ran about®. The Hst and the Ho, however, as if they were (mere) personators of the dead in their offices, heard nothing and knew nothing ;—so stupidly went they astray © (from their duties) in the matter of the heavenly appearances, and rendered themselves liable to the death appointed by the former kings. The statutes of government say, “ When they anticipate the time, let them be put to death without mercy; when (their 1 A similar practice existed in the Kau dynasty. * See the Introduction, p. 13. § Similar observances are still practised on occasion of an eclipse of the sun. See Biot’s Etudes sur |’Astronomie Indienne et Chinoise, pp. 357-360. ROOK Iv. THE PUNITIVE EXPEDITION OF YIN. 83 reckoning) is behind the time, let them be put to death without mercy.” ‘ Now I, with you all, am entrusted with the execution of the punishment appointed by Heaven.* Unite your strength, all of you warriors, for the royal House. Give me your help, I pray you, reverently to carry out the dread charge of the Son of Heaven. ‘When the fire blazes over the ridge of Khwan', gems and stones are burned together; but if a minister of Heaven exceed in doing his duty, the consequences will be fiercer than blazing fire. While I destroy, (therefore), the chief criminals, I will not punish those who have been forced to follow them ; and those who have long been stained by their filthy manners will be allowed to renovate themselves. ‘Oh! when sternness overcomes compassion, things are surely conducted to a successful issue. When compassion overcomes sternness, no merit can be achieved. All ye, my warriors, exert yourselves, and take warning, (and obey my orders)!’ 1 Khw&n is perhaps a part of the Khw&an-lun mountain in the west of the Ko-ko-nor, where the Ho has its sources. The speaker evidently thought of it as volcanic. G 2 PART IV. THE BOOKS OF SHANG. Book I. THe SpEEcH oF THANG.
3The speaker evidently thought of it as volcanic. G 2 PART IV. THE BOOKS OF SHANG. Book I. THe SpEEcH oF THANG. SHane was the name under which the dynasty that superseded Hsia (B.c. 1766) held the kingdom for fully 300 years. Yin then began to be used as well as Shang, and the dynasty was called indifferently Shang or Yin, and sometimes Yin-Shang by a combination of the two names. The ruling House traced its origin into the remote times of antiquity, through Hsieh, whose appointment by Shun to be Minister of Instruction is related in the Canon of Shun. For his services Hsieh was invested with the principality of Shang, corresponding to the present small department of the same name in Shen-hst. From MUsieh to Thang, the founder of the dynasty, there are reckoned fourteen generations, and we find Thang, when he first becomes prominent in history, a long way from the ancestral fief, in ‘the southern Po,’ corresponding to the present district of Shang-AAi0, department Kwei-teh, Ho-nan. The title of the dynasty, however, was derived from the original Shang. There were in the Sh, when the collection was formed, thirty-one documents of Shang in forty Books, of which only eleven remain in seventeen Books, two of them containing each three parts or sections. The Speech of Thang, that is now the first Book in the Part, was originally only the sixth. Thang was the designation of the hero, whose surname, dating from Hsieh, was 3ze, and name Lf. Thang may be translated, ‘the Glorious One.’ His common style in history is as Khang Thang, ‘Thang the Completer,’ or ‘ Thang the Successful.’ He had summoned his people to take the field with him against Kieh, the cruel and doomed sovereign of Hsia, and finding them backward to the enterprise, he sets forth in this Book his reasons for attacking the tyrant, argues against their reluctance, using in the end both promises and threats to induce them to obey his orders, BOOK 1. THE SPEECH OF THANG. 85 The king said, ‘Come, ye multitudes of the people, listen all to my words. It is not I, the little child}, who dare to undertake a rebellious enterprise; but for the many crimes of the sovereign of Hsia, Heaven has given the charge to destroy him.* ‘ Now, ye multitudes, you are saying, “Our prince does not compassionate us, but (is calling us) away from our husbandry to attack and punish Hsia.” I have indeed heard (these) words of you all; (but) the sovereign of Hsia is guilty, and, as I fear God, I dare not but punish him.* ‘Now you are saying, ‘“‘ What are the crimes of Hsia to us?” The king of Hsia in every way exhausts the strength of his people, and exercises oppression in the cities of Hsia. His multitudes are become entirely indifferent (to his service), and feel no bond of union (to him). They are saying, “When wilt thou, O sun, expire? We will all perish with thee®.”” Such is the course of (the sovereign) of Hsi4, and now I must go (and punish him).
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
17 is the At au of the Tribute of Yi. BOOK Iv. THE PUNITIVE EXPEDITION OF YIN. 81 Book IV. Tue Punitive Expepition or YIN. Tus Book is another of the ‘Speeches’ of the Shd, belonging to the reign of Kung Khang, a brother of Thai Khang, the fourth of the kings of Shang (B. c. 2159-2147). Hsi and Ho, the principal ministers of the Board of Astronomy, descended from those of the same name in the time of Y4o, had given themselves over to licentious indulgence in their private cities, and grossly neglected their duties. Especially had they been unobservant of an eclipse of the sun in autumn. The king considered them worthy of death, and commissioned the marquis of Yin to execute on them the sentence of his justice. Where Yin was is not now known. The principal part of the Book consists of the speech made by the marquis to his troops. 1. When Kung Khang commenced his reign over all within the four seas, the marquis of Yin was commissioned to take charge of the (king's) six hosts. (At this time) the Hst and Ho had neglected the duties of their office, and were abandoned to drink in: their (private) cities; and the marquis of Yin received the king’s charge to go and punish them. 2. He made an announcement to his hosts, saying, ‘Ah! ye, all my men, there are the well-counselled instructions of the sage (founder of our dynasty), clearly verified in their power to give stability and security :—‘ The former kings were carefully attentive to the warnings of Heaven!,* and their ministers observed the regular laws (of their offices). All the officers (moreover) watchfully did their duty to 1 That is, here, such warnings as were supposed to be conveyed by eclipses and other unusual celestial phenomena. [rt] G 82 THE SHO KING. PART Il. assist (the government), and their sovereign became entirely intelligent.” Every year, in the first month of spring, the herald, with his wooden-tongued bell, goes along the roads}, (proclaiming), “ Ye officers able to instruct, be prepared with your admonitions. Ye workmen engaged in mechanical affairs, remonstrate on the subjects of your employments. If any of you do not attend with respect (to this requirement), the country has regular punishments for you.”
2Ye workmen engaged in mechanical affairs, remonstrate on the subjects of your employments. If any of you do not attend with respect (to this requirement), the country has regular punishments for you.” ‘Now here are the Hst and Ho. They have allowed their virtue to be subverted, and are besotted by drink. They have violated the duties of their office, and left their posts. They have been the first to let the regulating of the heavenly (bodies) get into disorder, putting far from them their proper business. On the first day of the last month of autumn, the sun and moon did not meet harmoniously in Fang. The blind musicians beat their drums; the inferior officers galloped, and the common people (employed about the public offices) ran about®. The Hst and the Ho, however, as if they were (mere) personators of the dead in their offices, heard nothing and knew nothing ;—so stupidly went they astray © (from their duties) in the matter of the heavenly appearances, and rendered themselves liable to the death appointed by the former kings. The statutes of government say, “ When they anticipate the time, let them be put to death without mercy; when (their 1 A similar practice existed in the Kau dynasty. * See the Introduction, p. 13. § Similar observances are still practised on occasion of an eclipse of the sun. See Biot’s Etudes sur |’Astronomie Indienne et Chinoise, pp. 357-360. ROOK Iv. THE PUNITIVE EXPEDITION OF YIN. 83 reckoning) is behind the time, let them be put to death without mercy.” ‘ Now I, with you all, am entrusted with the execution of the punishment appointed by Heaven.* Unite your strength, all of you warriors, for the royal House. Give me your help, I pray you, reverently to carry out the dread charge of the Son of Heaven. ‘When the fire blazes over the ridge of Khwan', gems and stones are burned together; but if a minister of Heaven exceed in doing his duty, the consequences will be fiercer than blazing fire. While I destroy, (therefore), the chief criminals, I will not punish those who have been forced to follow them ; and those who have long been stained by their filthy manners will be allowed to renovate themselves. ‘Oh! when sternness overcomes compassion, things are surely conducted to a successful issue. When compassion overcomes sternness, no merit can be achieved. All ye, my warriors, exert yourselves, and take warning, (and obey my orders)!’ 1 Khw&n is perhaps a part of the Khw&an-lun mountain in the west of the Ko-ko-nor, where the Ho has its sources. The speaker evidently thought of it as volcanic. G 2 PART IV. THE BOOKS OF SHANG. Book I. THe SpEEcH oF THANG.
3The speaker evidently thought of it as volcanic. G 2 PART IV. THE BOOKS OF SHANG. Book I. THe SpEEcH oF THANG. SHane was the name under which the dynasty that superseded Hsia (B.c. 1766) held the kingdom for fully 300 years. Yin then began to be used as well as Shang, and the dynasty was called indifferently Shang or Yin, and sometimes Yin-Shang by a combination of the two names. The ruling House traced its origin into the remote times of antiquity, through Hsieh, whose appointment by Shun to be Minister of Instruction is related in the Canon of Shun. For his services Hsieh was invested with the principality of Shang, corresponding to the present small department of the same name in Shen-hst. From MUsieh to Thang, the founder of the dynasty, there are reckoned fourteen generations, and we find Thang, when he first becomes prominent in history, a long way from the ancestral fief, in ‘the southern Po,’ corresponding to the present district of Shang-AAi0, department Kwei-teh, Ho-nan. The title of the dynasty, however, was derived from the original Shang. There were in the Sh, when the collection was formed, thirty-one documents of Shang in forty Books, of which only eleven remain in seventeen Books, two of them containing each three parts or sections. The Speech of Thang, that is now the first Book in the Part, was originally only the sixth. Thang was the designation of the hero, whose surname, dating from Hsieh, was 3ze, and name Lf. Thang may be translated, ‘the Glorious One.’ His common style in history is as Khang Thang, ‘Thang the Completer,’ or ‘ Thang the Successful.’ He had summoned his people to take the field with him against Kieh, the cruel and doomed sovereign of Hsia, and finding them backward to the enterprise, he sets forth in this Book his reasons for attacking the tyrant, argues against their reluctance, using in the end both promises and threats to induce them to obey his orders, BOOK 1. THE SPEECH OF THANG. 85 The king said, ‘Come, ye multitudes of the people, listen all to my words. It is not I, the little child}, who dare to undertake a rebellious enterprise; but for the many crimes of the sovereign of Hsia, Heaven has given the charge to destroy him.* ‘ Now, ye multitudes, you are saying, “Our prince does not compassionate us, but (is calling us) away from our husbandry to attack and punish Hsia.” I have indeed heard (these) words of you all; (but) the sovereign of Hsia is guilty, and, as I fear God, I dare not but punish him.* ‘Now you are saying, ‘“‘ What are the crimes of Hsia to us?” The king of Hsia in every way exhausts the strength of his people, and exercises oppression in the cities of Hsia. His multitudes are become entirely indifferent (to his service), and feel no bond of union (to him). They are saying, “When wilt thou, O sun, expire? We will all perish with thee®.”” Such is the course of (the sovereign) of Hsi4, and now I must go (and punish him).
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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