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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Indeed the two Books would almost seem to form only one, and as such they appeared in the Sha of Ff, as related in the Introduction. The princes, with whose departure from the inner hall of the palace the last Book concludes, are introduced again to the king in the court between the fourth and fifth gates, and do homage to him after their fashion, cautioning also and advising him about the discharge of his high duties. He responds with the declaration which has given name to the Book, referring to his predecessors, and asking the assistance of all his hearers, that his reign may be a not unworthy sequel of theirs. With this the proceedings terminate, and the king resumes his mourning dress which he had put off for the occasion. The whole thus falls into three chapters. 1. The king came forth and stood (in the space) within the fourth gate of the palace, when the Grand-Guardian led in the princes of the western regions by the left (half) of the gate, and the duke of Pt those of the eastern regions by the right (half) *. They then all caused their teams of light bay horses, with their manes and tails dyed red, to be exhibited ; —and, (as the king’s) guests, lifted up their ranksymbols, and (the other) presents (they had brought)’, 1 See note on these ministers, p. 235. * These presents were in addition to the teams of horses exhibited in the courtyard ;—silks and lighter productions of their various territories. R 2 244 THE SHO KING. PART Y. saying, ‘We your servants, defenders (of the throne), venture to bring the productions of our territories, and lay them here.’ (With these words) they all did obeisance twice, laying their heads on the ground. The king, as the righteous successor to the virtue of those who had gone before him, returned their obeisance. The Grand-Guardian and the earl of Zui, with all the rest, then advanced and bowed to each other, after which they did obeisance twice, with their heads to the ground, and said, ‘O Son of Heaven, we venture respectfully to declare our sentiments. Great Heaven altered its decree which the great House of Yin had received, and Wan and Wd of our Au grandly received the same, and carried it out, manifesting their kindly government in the western regions. His recently ascended majesty,* rewarding and punishing exactly in accordance with what was right, fully established their achievements, and transmitted this happy state to his successors. Do you, O king, now be reverent. Maintain your armies in great order, and do not allow the rarely ‘equalled appointment of our high ancestors to come to harm.’ *
2Do you, O king, now be reverent. Maintain your armies in great order, and do not allow the rarely ‘equalled appointment of our high ancestors to come to harm.’ * 2. The king spoke to the following effect :— Ye princes of the various states, chiefs of the Hu, Tien, Nan, and Wei domains, I, K4o, the One man, make an announcement in return (for your advice). The former rulers, Wan and WA, were greatly just and enriched (the people). They did not occupy themselves to find out people’s crimes. Pushing to the utmost and maintaining an entire impartiality and sincerity, they became gloriously illustrious all under heaven. Then they had officers brave as bears and BOOK XXIV. CHARGE TO THE DUKE OF Pt. 245 grisly bears, and ministers of no double heart, who (helped them) to maintain and regulate the royal House. Thus (did they receive) the true favouring decree from God, and thus did great Heaven approve of their ways, and give them the four quarters (of the land).* Then they appointed and set up principalities, and established bulwarks (to the throne), for the sake of us, their successors. Now do ye, my uncles?, I pray you, consider with one another, and carry out the service which the dukes, your predecessors, rendered to my predecessors. Though your persons be distant, let your hearts be in the royal House. Enter thus into my anxieties, and act in accordance with them, so that I, the little child, may not be put to shame.’ 3. The dukes and all the others, having heard this charge, bowed to one another, and hastily withdrew. The king put off his cap, and assumed again his mourning dress. Book XXIV. THe CuHarGE To THE DukE oF Pt. Tue king who delivers the charge in this Book was Khang, and the only events of his reign of twenty-six years of which we have any account in the Shd and in Sze-m4 Xafien are it and the preceding announcement. Book xxi relates the appointment of Ktn-As4n, by king XAang, to the charge which was now, on his death, entrusted to the duke of Pi, who is mentioned at the commencement of ‘ the Testamentary Charge. By the labours of the duke of Xau and Xiin-444n a considerable change had been effected in the character of the people of Yin, who had been transferred to the new capital and its neighbourhood; and king Khang now 1 Meaning the various princes, and especially those bearing the same surname as himself. 246 THE SHO KING. PART V. appoints the duke of Pf to enter into and complete their work. After an introductory paragraph, the charge, in three chapters, occupies all the rest of the Book. The first of them speaks of what had been accomplished, and the admirable qualities of the duke which fitted him to accomplish what remained to be done. The second speaks of the special measures which were called for by the original character and the altered character of the people. The third dwells on the importance of the charge, and stimulates the duke, by various considerations, to address himself to fulfil it effectually.
3The second speaks of the special measures which were called for by the original character and the altered character of the people. The third dwells on the importance of the charge, and stimulates the duke, by various considerations, to address himself to fulfil it effectually. _ 1. Inthe sixth month of his twelfth year, the day of the new moon’s appearance was Kang-wd, and on Z4n-shan, the third day after, the king walked in the morning from the honoured capital of Kau to Fang’, and there, with reference to the multitudes of KAAng- Aau*, gave charge to the duke of Ptf® to protect and regulate the eastern border. 2. The king spoke to the following effect :— * ©Oh! Grand-Master, it was when Wan and Wa had diffused their great virtue all under heaven, that they therefore received the appointment which Yin had enjoyed.* The duke of KAu acted as assistant to my royal predecessors, and tranquillized and established their kingdom. Cautiously did he deal with the refractory people of Yin, and removed them to the city of Lo, that they might be quietly near the royal House, and be transformed by its 1 That is, he went from H4o, founded by king WA, to Fang the capital of Wan. The king wished to give his charge in the temple of king Wan, because the duke of Pi had been one of his ministers. * Khing-k4u was a name of the new or ‘lower’ capital of Lo, perhaps as giving ‘completion,’ or full establishment to the dynasty. . * The duke of Pi had succeeded the duke of X4u, in the office of Grand-Master, under king AAing. BOOK XXIV. CHARGE TO THE DUKE OF Pi. 247 lessons, Six and thirty years have elapsed'; the generation has been changed; and manners have altered. Through the four quarters of the land there is no occasion for anxiety, and I, the One man, enjoy repose. ‘The prevailing ways now tend to advancement and now to degeneracy, and measures of government must be varied according to the manners (of the time). If you (now) do not manifest your approval of what is good, the people will not be led to stimulate themselves in it. But your virtue, O duke, is strenuous, and you are cautiously attentive to the smallest things. You have been helpful to and brightened four reigns?; with deportment all correct leading on the inferior officers, so that there is not one who does not reverently take your words as a law. Your admirable merits were many (and great) in the times of my predecessors ; I, the little child, have but to let my robes hang down, and fold my hands, while I look up for the complete effect (of your measures).’ 3. The king said, ‘Oh! Grand-Master, I now reverently charge you with the duties of the duke of Kau. Go! Signalize the good, separating the bad from them; give tokens of your approbation in their neighbourhoods’, making it ill for the evil by such distinction of the good, and thus establishing the influence and reputation (of their virtue). When the people will not obey your lessons and statutes,
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Indeed the two Books would almost seem to form only one, and as such they appeared in the Sha of Ff, as related in the Introduction. The princes, with whose departure from the inner hall of the palace the last Book concludes, are introduced again to the king in the court between the fourth and fifth gates, and do homage to him after their fashion, cautioning also and advising him about the discharge of his high duties. He responds with the declaration which has given name to the Book, referring to his predecessors, and asking the assistance of all his hearers, that his reign may be a not unworthy sequel of theirs. With this the proceedings terminate, and the king resumes his mourning dress which he had put off for the occasion. The whole thus falls into three chapters. 1. The king came forth and stood (in the space) within the fourth gate of the palace, when the Grand-Guardian led in the princes of the western regions by the left (half) of the gate, and the duke of Pt those of the eastern regions by the right (half) *. They then all caused their teams of light bay horses, with their manes and tails dyed red, to be exhibited ; —and, (as the king’s) guests, lifted up their ranksymbols, and (the other) presents (they had brought)’, 1 See note on these ministers, p. 235. * These presents were in addition to the teams of horses exhibited in the courtyard ;—silks and lighter productions of their various territories. R 2 244 THE SHO KING. PART Y. saying, ‘We your servants, defenders (of the throne), venture to bring the productions of our territories, and lay them here.’ (With these words) they all did obeisance twice, laying their heads on the ground. The king, as the righteous successor to the virtue of those who had gone before him, returned their obeisance. The Grand-Guardian and the earl of Zui, with all the rest, then advanced and bowed to each other, after which they did obeisance twice, with their heads to the ground, and said, ‘O Son of Heaven, we venture respectfully to declare our sentiments. Great Heaven altered its decree which the great House of Yin had received, and Wan and Wd of our Au grandly received the same, and carried it out, manifesting their kindly government in the western regions. His recently ascended majesty,* rewarding and punishing exactly in accordance with what was right, fully established their achievements, and transmitted this happy state to his successors. Do you, O king, now be reverent. Maintain your armies in great order, and do not allow the rarely ‘equalled appointment of our high ancestors to come to harm.’ *
2Do you, O king, now be reverent. Maintain your armies in great order, and do not allow the rarely ‘equalled appointment of our high ancestors to come to harm.’ * 2. The king spoke to the following effect :— Ye princes of the various states, chiefs of the Hu, Tien, Nan, and Wei domains, I, K4o, the One man, make an announcement in return (for your advice). The former rulers, Wan and WA, were greatly just and enriched (the people). They did not occupy themselves to find out people’s crimes. Pushing to the utmost and maintaining an entire impartiality and sincerity, they became gloriously illustrious all under heaven. Then they had officers brave as bears and BOOK XXIV. CHARGE TO THE DUKE OF Pt. 245 grisly bears, and ministers of no double heart, who (helped them) to maintain and regulate the royal House. Thus (did they receive) the true favouring decree from God, and thus did great Heaven approve of their ways, and give them the four quarters (of the land).* Then they appointed and set up principalities, and established bulwarks (to the throne), for the sake of us, their successors. Now do ye, my uncles?, I pray you, consider with one another, and carry out the service which the dukes, your predecessors, rendered to my predecessors. Though your persons be distant, let your hearts be in the royal House. Enter thus into my anxieties, and act in accordance with them, so that I, the little child, may not be put to shame.’ 3. The dukes and all the others, having heard this charge, bowed to one another, and hastily withdrew. The king put off his cap, and assumed again his mourning dress. Book XXIV. THe CuHarGE To THE DukE oF Pt. Tue king who delivers the charge in this Book was Khang, and the only events of his reign of twenty-six years of which we have any account in the Shd and in Sze-m4 Xafien are it and the preceding announcement. Book xxi relates the appointment of Ktn-As4n, by king XAang, to the charge which was now, on his death, entrusted to the duke of Pi, who is mentioned at the commencement of ‘ the Testamentary Charge. By the labours of the duke of Xau and Xiin-444n a considerable change had been effected in the character of the people of Yin, who had been transferred to the new capital and its neighbourhood; and king Khang now 1 Meaning the various princes, and especially those bearing the same surname as himself. 246 THE SHO KING. PART V. appoints the duke of Pf to enter into and complete their work. After an introductory paragraph, the charge, in three chapters, occupies all the rest of the Book. The first of them speaks of what had been accomplished, and the admirable qualities of the duke which fitted him to accomplish what remained to be done. The second speaks of the special measures which were called for by the original character and the altered character of the people. The third dwells on the importance of the charge, and stimulates the duke, by various considerations, to address himself to fulfil it effectually.
3The second speaks of the special measures which were called for by the original character and the altered character of the people. The third dwells on the importance of the charge, and stimulates the duke, by various considerations, to address himself to fulfil it effectually. _ 1. Inthe sixth month of his twelfth year, the day of the new moon’s appearance was Kang-wd, and on Z4n-shan, the third day after, the king walked in the morning from the honoured capital of Kau to Fang’, and there, with reference to the multitudes of KAAng- Aau*, gave charge to the duke of Ptf® to protect and regulate the eastern border. 2. The king spoke to the following effect :— * ©Oh! Grand-Master, it was when Wan and Wa had diffused their great virtue all under heaven, that they therefore received the appointment which Yin had enjoyed.* The duke of KAu acted as assistant to my royal predecessors, and tranquillized and established their kingdom. Cautiously did he deal with the refractory people of Yin, and removed them to the city of Lo, that they might be quietly near the royal House, and be transformed by its 1 That is, he went from H4o, founded by king WA, to Fang the capital of Wan. The king wished to give his charge in the temple of king Wan, because the duke of Pi had been one of his ministers. * Khing-k4u was a name of the new or ‘lower’ capital of Lo, perhaps as giving ‘completion,’ or full establishment to the dynasty. . * The duke of Pi had succeeded the duke of X4u, in the office of Grand-Master, under king AAing. BOOK XXIV. CHARGE TO THE DUKE OF Pi. 247 lessons, Six and thirty years have elapsed'; the generation has been changed; and manners have altered. Through the four quarters of the land there is no occasion for anxiety, and I, the One man, enjoy repose. ‘The prevailing ways now tend to advancement and now to degeneracy, and measures of government must be varied according to the manners (of the time). If you (now) do not manifest your approval of what is good, the people will not be led to stimulate themselves in it. But your virtue, O duke, is strenuous, and you are cautiously attentive to the smallest things. You have been helpful to and brightened four reigns?; with deportment all correct leading on the inferior officers, so that there is not one who does not reverently take your words as a law. Your admirable merits were many (and great) in the times of my predecessors ; I, the little child, have but to let my robes hang down, and fold my hands, while I look up for the complete effect (of your measures).’ 3. The king said, ‘Oh! Grand-Master, I now reverently charge you with the duties of the duke of Kau. Go! Signalize the good, separating the bad from them; give tokens of your approbation in their neighbourhoods’, making it ill for the evil by such distinction of the good, and thus establishing the influence and reputation (of their virtue). When the people will not obey your lessons and statutes,
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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