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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The First Decade, or that of Wan Wang. Ope 1. THe WAN Wane. CELEBRATING KING WAN, DEAD AND ALIVE, AS THE FOUNDER OF THE DYNASTY OF KAv, SHOWING HOW HIS VIRTUES DREW TO HIM THE FAVOURING REGARD OF HEAVEN OR GOD, AND MADE HIM A BRIGHT PATTERN TO HIS DESCENDANTS AND THEIR MINISTERS. The composition of this and the other pieces of this decade is attributed to the duke of Kau, king Wan’s son, and was intended by him for the benefit of his nephew, the young king Aang. Wan, it must be borne in mind, was never actually king of China. He laid the foundations of the kingly power, which was established by his son king WA, and consolidated by the duke of Kau. The title of king was given to him and to others by the duke, according to the view of filial piety, that has been referred to on p. 299. King W4n is on high. Oh! bright is he in heaven. Although Au was an old country, The (favouring) appointment lighted on it recently 1. Illustrious was the House of Adu, And the 1 The family of Kau, according to its traditions, was very ancient, but it did not occupy the territory of Au, from which it subsequently took its name, till B.c. 1326; and it was not till the time of W&n (s.c. 1231 to 1135) that the divine purpose concerning its supremacy in the kingdom was fully manifested. 78 : THE SHIH KING. DECADE 1. ; appointment of God came at the proper season. King Wan ascends and descends On the left and the right of God? Full of earnest activity was king Wan, And his fame is without end. The gifts (of God) to K4u Extend to the descendants of king Wan, In the direct line and the collateral branches for a hundred generations*, All the officers of K4u Shall (also) be illustrious from age to age. ‘Phey shall be illustrious from age to age, Zealously and reverently pursuing their plans. Admir- ‘able are the many officers, Born in this royal kingdom. The royal kingdom is able to produce them, The supporters of (the House of) 4u. Numerous is the array of officers, And by them king Wn enjoys his repose. Profound was king Wan; Oh! continuous and bright was his feeling of reverence. Great is the appointment of Heaven! There were the descendants of (the sovereigns of ) Shang*—The descendants of the sovereigns of Shang Were in number more ae 1 According to AG Hsi, the first and last two lines of this stanza-are.to be taken of-the spirit of Win in heaven. Attempts have been made to explain them otherwise, or rather to explain them away. But language could not more expressly intimate the existence of a supreme personal God, and the continued existence of the human spirit. 2 The text, literally, is, ‘The root and the branches:’ the root (and stem) denoting the eldest sons, by the recognised queen, succeeding to the throne; and the branches, the other sons by the queen and concubines. The former would grow up directly from the root; and the latter, the chief nobles of the kingdom, would constitute the branches of the great Au tree.
2The former would grow up directly from the root; and the latter, the chief nobles of the kingdom, would constitute the branches of the great Au tree. * The Shang or Yin dynasty of kings superseded by Kau. ODE I. THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 379 than hundreds of thousands. But when God gave the command, They became subject to K4u. They became subject to K4u, (For) the appointment of Heaven is not unchangeable. The officers of Yin,-admirable and alert, Assist at the libations”. {n- dur ‘capital’, They assist at those libations, Always wearing the hatchet-figures on their lower garments and their peculiar cap* O ye loyal ministers of the king, Ever think of your ancestor! Ever think of your ancestor, Cultivating your virtue, , Always seeking to accord with the will (of Heaven):—So shall you be seeking for much happiness, Before Yin lost the multitudes, (Its kings) were the correlates of God*. Look to Yin asa beacon; The great appointment is not easily preserved: . The appointment is not easily (preserved) :—Do not cause your own extinction. Display and make bright your righteousness and fame, And _ look at (the fate of) Yin in the light of Heaven. The doings of high Heaven Have neither sound nor 1 These officers of Yin would be the descendants of the Yin kings and of their principal nobles, scions likewise of the Yin stock. They would assist, at the court of A4u, at the services in the ancestral temple, which began with a libation of fragrant spirits to bring down the spirits of the departed. ® These, differing from the dress worn by the representatives of the-ruling House, were still worn by the officers of Yin or Shang, by way of honour, and also by way of warning. 3 There was God in heaven hating none, desiring the good of all the people; there were the sovereigns on earth, God’s vicegerents, maintained by him so long as they carried out in their government his purpose of good. 380 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. smell’, Take your pattern from king Wan, And the myriad regions will repose confidence in you. Ove 2. Tue TA Mina. HOW THE APPOINTMENT OF HEAVEN OR GOD CAME FROM HIS FATHER TO KING WAN, AND DESCENDED TO HIS SON, KING wt, WHO OVER- THREW THE DYNASTY OF SHANG BY HIS VICTORY AT MO; CELE- BRATING ALSO THE MOTHER AND WIFE OF KING WAN. The illustration of illustrious (virtue) is required below, And the dread majesty is on high®. Heaven is not readily to be relied on; It is not easy to be king. Yin’s rightful heir to the heavenly seat Was not permitted to possess the kingdom. Z&n, the second of the princesses of Xih*, From (the domain of) Yin-shang, Came to be married to (the prince of ) Kau, And became his wife in his * These two lines are quoted in the last paragraph of the Doctrine of the Mean, as representing the ideal of perfect virtue. They are indicative of Power, operating silently, and not to be perceived by the senses, but resistless in its operations.
3They are indicative of Power, operating silently, and not to be perceived by the senses, but resistless in its operations. 2 ‘The first two lines,’ says the commentator Yen 3/an, ‘ contain a general sentiment, expressing the principle that governs the relation between Heaven and men. According to line 1, the good or evil of a ruler cannot be concealed ; according to 2, Heaven, in giving its favour or taking it away, acts with strict decision. When below there is the illustrious illustration (of virtue), that reaches up on high. When above there is the awful majesty, that exercises a survey below. The relation between Heaven and men ought to excite our awe.’ 5 The state of Xih must have been somewhere in the royal domain of Yin. Its lords had the surname of Z4n. and the second daughter of the House became the wife of Ki of Kau. She is called in the eighth line Thai-zin, by which name she is still famous in China. ‘She commenced,’ it is said, ‘the instruction of her child when he was still in her womb, looking on no improper sight, listening to no licentious sound, uttering no word of pride.’ - ODE 2. THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 381 capital. Both she and king At Were entirely virtuous. (Then) Th4i-zin became pregnant, And gave birth to our king Wan. This king Wan, Watchfully and reverently, With entire intelligence served God, And so secured the great blessing. His virtue was without deflection ; And in consequence he received (the allegiance of) the states from all quarters. Heaven surveyed this lower world; And its appointment lighted (on king Wan). In his early years, It made for him a mate!;—On the north of the Hsia, On the banks of the Wei. When king Wan would marry, There was the lady in a large state *%, In a large state was the lady, Like a fair denizen of heaven. The ceremonies determined the auspiciousness (of the union)*, And in person he met her on the Wei. Over it he made a bridge of boats; The glory (of the occasion) was illustrious. The favouring appointment was from Heaven, Giving the throne to our king W4n, In the capital of Kau. The lady-successor was from Hsin, Its eldest daughter, who came to marry him. She was blessed to give birth to king Wd, Who was preserved, and helped, and received (also) the appoint- ' Heaven is here represented as arranging for the fulfilment of its purposes beforehand. * The name of the state was Hsin, and it must have been near the Hsia and the Wei, somewhere in the south-east of the present Shen-hs?. 5 «The ceremonies’ would be various ; | first of all, divination by means of the tortoise-shell. 382 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. ment, And in accordance with it smote the great Shang. The troops of Yin-shang Were collected like a forest, And marshalled in the wilderness of Ma. We rose (to the crisis); ‘God is with you,’ (said Shang-f0 to the king), ‘Have no doubts in your heart }’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The First Decade, or that of Wan Wang. Ope 1. THe WAN Wane. CELEBRATING KING WAN, DEAD AND ALIVE, AS THE FOUNDER OF THE DYNASTY OF KAv, SHOWING HOW HIS VIRTUES DREW TO HIM THE FAVOURING REGARD OF HEAVEN OR GOD, AND MADE HIM A BRIGHT PATTERN TO HIS DESCENDANTS AND THEIR MINISTERS. The composition of this and the other pieces of this decade is attributed to the duke of Kau, king Wan’s son, and was intended by him for the benefit of his nephew, the young king Aang. Wan, it must be borne in mind, was never actually king of China. He laid the foundations of the kingly power, which was established by his son king WA, and consolidated by the duke of Kau. The title of king was given to him and to others by the duke, according to the view of filial piety, that has been referred to on p. 299. King W4n is on high. Oh! bright is he in heaven. Although Au was an old country, The (favouring) appointment lighted on it recently 1. Illustrious was the House of Adu, And the 1 The family of Kau, according to its traditions, was very ancient, but it did not occupy the territory of Au, from which it subsequently took its name, till B.c. 1326; and it was not till the time of W&n (s.c. 1231 to 1135) that the divine purpose concerning its supremacy in the kingdom was fully manifested. 78 : THE SHIH KING. DECADE 1. ; appointment of God came at the proper season. King Wan ascends and descends On the left and the right of God? Full of earnest activity was king Wan, And his fame is without end. The gifts (of God) to K4u Extend to the descendants of king Wan, In the direct line and the collateral branches for a hundred generations*, All the officers of K4u Shall (also) be illustrious from age to age. ‘Phey shall be illustrious from age to age, Zealously and reverently pursuing their plans. Admir- ‘able are the many officers, Born in this royal kingdom. The royal kingdom is able to produce them, The supporters of (the House of) 4u. Numerous is the array of officers, And by them king Wn enjoys his repose. Profound was king Wan; Oh! continuous and bright was his feeling of reverence. Great is the appointment of Heaven! There were the descendants of (the sovereigns of ) Shang*—The descendants of the sovereigns of Shang Were in number more ae 1 According to AG Hsi, the first and last two lines of this stanza-are.to be taken of-the spirit of Win in heaven. Attempts have been made to explain them otherwise, or rather to explain them away. But language could not more expressly intimate the existence of a supreme personal God, and the continued existence of the human spirit. 2 The text, literally, is, ‘The root and the branches:’ the root (and stem) denoting the eldest sons, by the recognised queen, succeeding to the throne; and the branches, the other sons by the queen and concubines. The former would grow up directly from the root; and the latter, the chief nobles of the kingdom, would constitute the branches of the great Au tree.
2The former would grow up directly from the root; and the latter, the chief nobles of the kingdom, would constitute the branches of the great Au tree. * The Shang or Yin dynasty of kings superseded by Kau. ODE I. THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 379 than hundreds of thousands. But when God gave the command, They became subject to K4u. They became subject to K4u, (For) the appointment of Heaven is not unchangeable. The officers of Yin,-admirable and alert, Assist at the libations”. {n- dur ‘capital’, They assist at those libations, Always wearing the hatchet-figures on their lower garments and their peculiar cap* O ye loyal ministers of the king, Ever think of your ancestor! Ever think of your ancestor, Cultivating your virtue, , Always seeking to accord with the will (of Heaven):—So shall you be seeking for much happiness, Before Yin lost the multitudes, (Its kings) were the correlates of God*. Look to Yin asa beacon; The great appointment is not easily preserved: . The appointment is not easily (preserved) :—Do not cause your own extinction. Display and make bright your righteousness and fame, And _ look at (the fate of) Yin in the light of Heaven. The doings of high Heaven Have neither sound nor 1 These officers of Yin would be the descendants of the Yin kings and of their principal nobles, scions likewise of the Yin stock. They would assist, at the court of A4u, at the services in the ancestral temple, which began with a libation of fragrant spirits to bring down the spirits of the departed. ® These, differing from the dress worn by the representatives of the-ruling House, were still worn by the officers of Yin or Shang, by way of honour, and also by way of warning. 3 There was God in heaven hating none, desiring the good of all the people; there were the sovereigns on earth, God’s vicegerents, maintained by him so long as they carried out in their government his purpose of good. 380 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. smell’, Take your pattern from king Wan, And the myriad regions will repose confidence in you. Ove 2. Tue TA Mina. HOW THE APPOINTMENT OF HEAVEN OR GOD CAME FROM HIS FATHER TO KING WAN, AND DESCENDED TO HIS SON, KING wt, WHO OVER- THREW THE DYNASTY OF SHANG BY HIS VICTORY AT MO; CELE- BRATING ALSO THE MOTHER AND WIFE OF KING WAN. The illustration of illustrious (virtue) is required below, And the dread majesty is on high®. Heaven is not readily to be relied on; It is not easy to be king. Yin’s rightful heir to the heavenly seat Was not permitted to possess the kingdom. Z&n, the second of the princesses of Xih*, From (the domain of) Yin-shang, Came to be married to (the prince of ) Kau, And became his wife in his * These two lines are quoted in the last paragraph of the Doctrine of the Mean, as representing the ideal of perfect virtue. They are indicative of Power, operating silently, and not to be perceived by the senses, but resistless in its operations.
3They are indicative of Power, operating silently, and not to be perceived by the senses, but resistless in its operations. 2 ‘The first two lines,’ says the commentator Yen 3/an, ‘ contain a general sentiment, expressing the principle that governs the relation between Heaven and men. According to line 1, the good or evil of a ruler cannot be concealed ; according to 2, Heaven, in giving its favour or taking it away, acts with strict decision. When below there is the illustrious illustration (of virtue), that reaches up on high. When above there is the awful majesty, that exercises a survey below. The relation between Heaven and men ought to excite our awe.’ 5 The state of Xih must have been somewhere in the royal domain of Yin. Its lords had the surname of Z4n. and the second daughter of the House became the wife of Ki of Kau. She is called in the eighth line Thai-zin, by which name she is still famous in China. ‘She commenced,’ it is said, ‘the instruction of her child when he was still in her womb, looking on no improper sight, listening to no licentious sound, uttering no word of pride.’ - ODE 2. THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 381 capital. Both she and king At Were entirely virtuous. (Then) Th4i-zin became pregnant, And gave birth to our king Wan. This king Wan, Watchfully and reverently, With entire intelligence served God, And so secured the great blessing. His virtue was without deflection ; And in consequence he received (the allegiance of) the states from all quarters. Heaven surveyed this lower world; And its appointment lighted (on king Wan). In his early years, It made for him a mate!;—On the north of the Hsia, On the banks of the Wei. When king Wan would marry, There was the lady in a large state *%, In a large state was the lady, Like a fair denizen of heaven. The ceremonies determined the auspiciousness (of the union)*, And in person he met her on the Wei. Over it he made a bridge of boats; The glory (of the occasion) was illustrious. The favouring appointment was from Heaven, Giving the throne to our king W4n, In the capital of Kau. The lady-successor was from Hsin, Its eldest daughter, who came to marry him. She was blessed to give birth to king Wd, Who was preserved, and helped, and received (also) the appoint- ' Heaven is here represented as arranging for the fulfilment of its purposes beforehand. * The name of the state was Hsin, and it must have been near the Hsia and the Wei, somewhere in the south-east of the present Shen-hs?. 5 «The ceremonies’ would be various ; | first of all, divination by means of the tortoise-shell. 382 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. ment, And in accordance with it smote the great Shang. The troops of Yin-shang Were collected like a forest, And marshalled in the wilderness of Ma. We rose (to the crisis); ‘God is with you,’ (said Shang-f0 to the king), ‘Have no doubts in your heart }’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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