Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
12300,) indicated to his astronomers (Hst and Ho) would be the case, viz. that he would find the star (or the 28 THE SHO KING. stellar division) Shun Hwo (corresponding, it is said, to a Hydre) culminating at the time of sunset at the Vernal Equinox’. Again, if it be required to-find what constellation is culminating at the time of sunset at the Summer Solstice, the cardboard must be moved, as before, towards the right hand until the position of the Sun at the Summer Solstice, viz. G, just touches the horizon curve, when it will be seen that a Serpentis and Antares are then culminating, Regulus and 8 Centauri are just setting, while the constellations of Aquila and Aquarius are rising; Vega is a conspicuous object above the eastern horizon. This again corresponds to the indications given by Y4o to his astronomers, viz. that they would find the constellation Scorpio culminating at the time. Thirdly, to find what constellation is culminating at sunset at the Winter Solstice, the cardboard horizon is to be moved, as before, until the Sun at F falls upon it, when the constellations Aries and Taurus with the Pleiades will be seen near to their culmination. This is a third correspondence with the indications of the astronomical sovereign. . Lastly, at sunset of the Autumnal Equinox the movable horizon is to be shifted to the left until the point A falls upon it, where it will be seen in this position that the stars in Aquarius are culminating at the time. It is scarcely possible that all these indications of the positions of the stars at these several times of the year could be simultaneously correct at any other epoch than somewhere about B.c. 2300 or a very small number of centuries before or after. The reader may easily make for himself many other interesting applications of the chart. A general notion of the effects of precession on the positions of the stars may be seen at once by observing the three positions of the Pleiades, at the three epochs B.C. 2300, A.D. I, and A.D. 1878, marked in the chart by the letters K, L, M; and as the approximate effect of precession is to cause all stars to move parallel to the Ecliptic and through the same arc, if the reader will imagine every star to be shifted parallel to the Ecliptic through spaces equal respectively to K L, L M, he will get the aspect of the heavens at the epochs a.p. 1 and a.p. 1878. The following table has been calculated for the apparent positions of the principal stars in the years B.c. 2300, B.C. 1500, A.D. I, and A.D. 1000 ; except in one instance it will be found to confirm a similar calculation made by Biot for the earliest of these dates. 1 See an excellent memoir by Mr. Williams, the late Assistant Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society, on Chinese Comets, procurable at the apartments of the Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House, London, 29 INTRODUCTION. For the year For the year For the year For the year For the year
2Williams, the late Assistant Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society, on Chinese Comets, procurable at the apartments of the Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House, London, 29 INTRODUCTION. For the year For the year For the year For the year For the year Name of Star. B.C. 2300. B.C. 1500. A.D. I. A.D. 1000. A.D. 187%, R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. h. m. s. o h. m. 5. o 8 h. m. s. o 7 h. m. s. oF h. m. s. os a Andromedz | 20 33 18| 82 1.7 | 21 13:18] 79 1.3 | 22 37 33 | 71 49.4 | 23 18 4| 66 284 | © 2 51] 61 35.0 + Pegasi 30 28 50 | 96 1.1 | 31 12 0 | 92 589 | 22 30 26) 85 45.9 | 23 22 23] 80 23.8 | © 657) 75 29.7 B Ceti 20 40 23 | 129 55.3 | a1 32 5 | 126 40.1 | 22 59 27 | 119 2.8 | 23 53 7 | 113 33-4 | © 37 28 | 108 39.4 a Arietis 22 18 8| 89 27.4 | 22 59 59 | 85 16.6 0 18 20| 76 57.2 11225] 71 363 2 018] 67 6.9 » Tauri 2349 0; 86 83 o 3115 | 8x 42.1 152 20| 73 52.4 249 17 | 69 31.6 3.4014 | 66 16.4 Aldebaran © 40 10] go 54.6 1 a3 25 | 86 38.2 2 43 20!/ 79 37.0 33917| 76 75 428 55 | 73 44.3 Capella 043 7} 60 13.4 | 12214] 55 56.4 | 25515] 49 30) 4 49 | 45540 | 5 7 4t| 44 7-7 Rigel 1 47 31 | 111 43.8 2 26 12 | 107 58.3 3 38 7 | 102 21.2 | 4 2641! 99 52.2 § 8 40] 98 20.7 a Orionis 2 5 71 93 37-4 24656) 90 48 | 4 640] 85 9. § 110] 83 22.1 5 48 34 82 37.1 Sirius 316 37 | 112 9.0 | 4 2 2 | 108 57.4 5 14 27 | 106 24.3 6 0 31 | 106 65 6 39 46 | 106 33.0 Castor 25418] 62 4. 34410] 59 14.8 § 22 33 | §6 27.0 | 6 29 36| 56 35.9 7 26 49 | 57 50.7 Procyon 3.4427} 85 4) 4 28 20 | 83 50.0 5 50 36| 82 183 | 6 45 52] 82 59.1 732551 84 27.8 a Hydre 5 45 32 | 88 32.7 6 28 6 | 88 43.5 7 46 41 | OI 25.9 8 38 14 | 94 39-4 | 9 21 35] 98 7.8 Regulus § 58 10| 65 406 | 645 15 | 66 68 8 1611 | 69 366 | 9 14 2] 74 25.8 | 10 152] 77 26.2 B Leonis 739 12 | 55 54.2 8 31 25 | 58 65 | 10 1 9 | 64 43.8 | 10 56 54| 69 54.5 | 11 42 50| 74 44.8 Spica 9 37 49 | 78 15.6 | 10 37 29 | 82 7.8 | 11 40 35 | 90 15.5 | 12 33.13 | 95 45.2 | 13 18 46 | 100 31.4 8 Centauri 10 16 8 | 127 25.1 | 10 46 42 | 131 31.7 | 12 1 16 | 139 48.1 | 12 59 23 | 145 11.8 | 13 55 14 | 149 47.0 Arcturus 10 36 18 | 47 58.2 | 11 a2 12 | 52 16.1 | 12 39 47 | 60 40.3 | 13 28 52] 65 48.7 |] 14 10 61] 70 109 a Serpentis 1210 58 | 63 47.2 | 12 51 58 | 68 11.0 | 14 6 6] 75 46.5 | 14 55 30] 79 588 | 15 38 16| 83 11.4 Aatares 12 24 0] 98 16.5 | 13 6 50 | 102 37.4 | 14 30 II | 109 53.9 | 15 29 8 | 113 36.6 | 16 21 56 | 116 9.6 a Lyre 16 8 29 | 48 3.6 | 16 36 28 | 49 531.2 | 17 28 24] §r 380 | 18 3 18 | 51 43.5 | 18 32 48 | §1 19.7 @ Aquilze 1617. 0| 8213.2 | 16 57 6} 83 44.0 | 18 12 14 | 84 21.1 | 19 2 19 | 83 12.7 | 19 44 50 | 81 27.2 @ Aquarii 18 19 16 | 103 8.6 | 18 55 26 | roa 28.3 | 20 19 41 | 98 45.1 | 21 14 2] 94 53-9 | 21 59 3% | 90 54.7 Fomalhaut 18 16 30 | 134 54.0 | 19 15 43 | 133 §7-8 | 20 58 57 | 129 17.4 | 22 I § | 124 46.9 | 22 $0 54 | 120 16.7 a Pegasi 19 24 1 | 92 34-4 | 20 6 35] 90 33.5 | 21 24 14 | 84 49.4 | 2215 19 | 80 26 | 22 58 4t | 75 27.0
3To face Page i -_ . 1 Arcturus (A Leonis e ge ee +o pe | i aren __4 =< a2 me = I Vv _ sx ae" I 1 | L T t I i" 1 T i L I uM ul 1 | | cy Sqrqator D | VA | (Bfeertauri Vu moles Xx! Sacred Books of the fast: The Shu King Digitized by Google THE SHU KING, PART I, THE BOOK OF THANG. Tre Canon or YAo. Sut Kine, the name of the whole work, has been sufficiently explained in the Introduction. The name of this Part, the first of the five into which the whole is divided, is the Book of Thang, Thang being taken as the dynastic designation of Yao, who before his elevation to the throne had been’ marquis of the‘small state of Thang, the name of which is supposed to be still retained in Thang, one of the districts of the department P&o-ting, in Xih-lf. It is said that after his elevation he established his capital in Phing-yang, lat. 36° 06’, long. 111° 33’, in Shan-hsf. But all this is very uncertain. See on Part III, Book iii, ch. 2. The one Book, forming this Part, is called the Canon of Y4o, The character which we translate ‘Canon’ means a document of the most exalted nature, the contents of which are entitled to the greatest regard. The name is given expressly only to one other Book in the Sha. The Canons are the first of the six classes of documents which the Sh contains. Y4o is the subject of the Book:—In ch. 1, in his personal character and the general results of his government; in ch. 2, in his special care for the regulation of the calendar and the labours of agriculture; in ch. 3, in his anxiety to find one who could cope with the ravages of a terrible inundation, and take his place on the throne. The third chapter introduces to our notice Shun, the successor of Y4o. 32 THE SHO KING. PART I. 1. Examining into antiquity, (we find that) the Tt Y4o! was styled Fang-hsiin’%. He was reverential, intelligent, accomplished, and thoughtful,—naturally and without effort. He was sincerely courteous, and capable of (all) complaisance. The bright (influence of these qualities) was felt through the four quarters (of the land), and reached to (heaven) above and (earth) beneath. He made the able and virtuous distinguished, and thence proceeded to the love of (all in) the nine classes of his kindred, who (thus) became harmonious. He (also) regulated and polished the people (of his domain), who all became brightly intelligent. (Finally), he united and harmonized the myriad states; and so the black-haired people were transformed. The result was (universal) concord. 2. He commanded the Hstfs and Hos’, in reverent accordance with (their observation of) the wide heavens, to calculate and delineate (the movements and appearances of) the sun, the moon, the stars, and the zodiacal spaces, and so to deliver respectfully the seasons to be observed by the people.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
12300,) indicated to his astronomers (Hst and Ho) would be the case, viz. that he would find the star (or the 28 THE SHO KING. stellar division) Shun Hwo (corresponding, it is said, to a Hydre) culminating at the time of sunset at the Vernal Equinox’. Again, if it be required to-find what constellation is culminating at the time of sunset at the Summer Solstice, the cardboard must be moved, as before, towards the right hand until the position of the Sun at the Summer Solstice, viz. G, just touches the horizon curve, when it will be seen that a Serpentis and Antares are then culminating, Regulus and 8 Centauri are just setting, while the constellations of Aquila and Aquarius are rising; Vega is a conspicuous object above the eastern horizon. This again corresponds to the indications given by Y4o to his astronomers, viz. that they would find the constellation Scorpio culminating at the time. Thirdly, to find what constellation is culminating at sunset at the Winter Solstice, the cardboard horizon is to be moved, as before, until the Sun at F falls upon it, when the constellations Aries and Taurus with the Pleiades will be seen near to their culmination. This is a third correspondence with the indications of the astronomical sovereign. . Lastly, at sunset of the Autumnal Equinox the movable horizon is to be shifted to the left until the point A falls upon it, where it will be seen in this position that the stars in Aquarius are culminating at the time. It is scarcely possible that all these indications of the positions of the stars at these several times of the year could be simultaneously correct at any other epoch than somewhere about B.c. 2300 or a very small number of centuries before or after. The reader may easily make for himself many other interesting applications of the chart. A general notion of the effects of precession on the positions of the stars may be seen at once by observing the three positions of the Pleiades, at the three epochs B.C. 2300, A.D. I, and A.D. 1878, marked in the chart by the letters K, L, M; and as the approximate effect of precession is to cause all stars to move parallel to the Ecliptic and through the same arc, if the reader will imagine every star to be shifted parallel to the Ecliptic through spaces equal respectively to K L, L M, he will get the aspect of the heavens at the epochs a.p. 1 and a.p. 1878. The following table has been calculated for the apparent positions of the principal stars in the years B.c. 2300, B.C. 1500, A.D. I, and A.D. 1000 ; except in one instance it will be found to confirm a similar calculation made by Biot for the earliest of these dates. 1 See an excellent memoir by Mr. Williams, the late Assistant Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society, on Chinese Comets, procurable at the apartments of the Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House, London, 29 INTRODUCTION. For the year For the year For the year For the year For the year
2Williams, the late Assistant Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society, on Chinese Comets, procurable at the apartments of the Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House, London, 29 INTRODUCTION. For the year For the year For the year For the year For the year Name of Star. B.C. 2300. B.C. 1500. A.D. I. A.D. 1000. A.D. 187%, R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. R.A. N.P.D. h. m. s. o h. m. 5. o 8 h. m. s. o 7 h. m. s. oF h. m. s. os a Andromedz | 20 33 18| 82 1.7 | 21 13:18] 79 1.3 | 22 37 33 | 71 49.4 | 23 18 4| 66 284 | © 2 51] 61 35.0 + Pegasi 30 28 50 | 96 1.1 | 31 12 0 | 92 589 | 22 30 26) 85 45.9 | 23 22 23] 80 23.8 | © 657) 75 29.7 B Ceti 20 40 23 | 129 55.3 | a1 32 5 | 126 40.1 | 22 59 27 | 119 2.8 | 23 53 7 | 113 33-4 | © 37 28 | 108 39.4 a Arietis 22 18 8| 89 27.4 | 22 59 59 | 85 16.6 0 18 20| 76 57.2 11225] 71 363 2 018] 67 6.9 » Tauri 2349 0; 86 83 o 3115 | 8x 42.1 152 20| 73 52.4 249 17 | 69 31.6 3.4014 | 66 16.4 Aldebaran © 40 10] go 54.6 1 a3 25 | 86 38.2 2 43 20!/ 79 37.0 33917| 76 75 428 55 | 73 44.3 Capella 043 7} 60 13.4 | 12214] 55 56.4 | 25515] 49 30) 4 49 | 45540 | 5 7 4t| 44 7-7 Rigel 1 47 31 | 111 43.8 2 26 12 | 107 58.3 3 38 7 | 102 21.2 | 4 2641! 99 52.2 § 8 40] 98 20.7 a Orionis 2 5 71 93 37-4 24656) 90 48 | 4 640] 85 9. § 110] 83 22.1 5 48 34 82 37.1 Sirius 316 37 | 112 9.0 | 4 2 2 | 108 57.4 5 14 27 | 106 24.3 6 0 31 | 106 65 6 39 46 | 106 33.0 Castor 25418] 62 4. 34410] 59 14.8 § 22 33 | §6 27.0 | 6 29 36| 56 35.9 7 26 49 | 57 50.7 Procyon 3.4427} 85 4) 4 28 20 | 83 50.0 5 50 36| 82 183 | 6 45 52] 82 59.1 732551 84 27.8 a Hydre 5 45 32 | 88 32.7 6 28 6 | 88 43.5 7 46 41 | OI 25.9 8 38 14 | 94 39-4 | 9 21 35] 98 7.8 Regulus § 58 10| 65 406 | 645 15 | 66 68 8 1611 | 69 366 | 9 14 2] 74 25.8 | 10 152] 77 26.2 B Leonis 739 12 | 55 54.2 8 31 25 | 58 65 | 10 1 9 | 64 43.8 | 10 56 54| 69 54.5 | 11 42 50| 74 44.8 Spica 9 37 49 | 78 15.6 | 10 37 29 | 82 7.8 | 11 40 35 | 90 15.5 | 12 33.13 | 95 45.2 | 13 18 46 | 100 31.4 8 Centauri 10 16 8 | 127 25.1 | 10 46 42 | 131 31.7 | 12 1 16 | 139 48.1 | 12 59 23 | 145 11.8 | 13 55 14 | 149 47.0 Arcturus 10 36 18 | 47 58.2 | 11 a2 12 | 52 16.1 | 12 39 47 | 60 40.3 | 13 28 52] 65 48.7 |] 14 10 61] 70 109 a Serpentis 1210 58 | 63 47.2 | 12 51 58 | 68 11.0 | 14 6 6] 75 46.5 | 14 55 30] 79 588 | 15 38 16| 83 11.4 Aatares 12 24 0] 98 16.5 | 13 6 50 | 102 37.4 | 14 30 II | 109 53.9 | 15 29 8 | 113 36.6 | 16 21 56 | 116 9.6 a Lyre 16 8 29 | 48 3.6 | 16 36 28 | 49 531.2 | 17 28 24] §r 380 | 18 3 18 | 51 43.5 | 18 32 48 | §1 19.7 @ Aquilze 1617. 0| 8213.2 | 16 57 6} 83 44.0 | 18 12 14 | 84 21.1 | 19 2 19 | 83 12.7 | 19 44 50 | 81 27.2 @ Aquarii 18 19 16 | 103 8.6 | 18 55 26 | roa 28.3 | 20 19 41 | 98 45.1 | 21 14 2] 94 53-9 | 21 59 3% | 90 54.7 Fomalhaut 18 16 30 | 134 54.0 | 19 15 43 | 133 §7-8 | 20 58 57 | 129 17.4 | 22 I § | 124 46.9 | 22 $0 54 | 120 16.7 a Pegasi 19 24 1 | 92 34-4 | 20 6 35] 90 33.5 | 21 24 14 | 84 49.4 | 2215 19 | 80 26 | 22 58 4t | 75 27.0
3To face Page i -_ . 1 Arcturus (A Leonis e ge ee +o pe | i aren __4 =< a2 me = I Vv _ sx ae" I 1 | L T t I i" 1 T i L I uM ul 1 | | cy Sqrqator D | VA | (Bfeertauri Vu moles Xx! Sacred Books of the fast: The Shu King Digitized by Google THE SHU KING, PART I, THE BOOK OF THANG. Tre Canon or YAo. Sut Kine, the name of the whole work, has been sufficiently explained in the Introduction. The name of this Part, the first of the five into which the whole is divided, is the Book of Thang, Thang being taken as the dynastic designation of Yao, who before his elevation to the throne had been’ marquis of the‘small state of Thang, the name of which is supposed to be still retained in Thang, one of the districts of the department P&o-ting, in Xih-lf. It is said that after his elevation he established his capital in Phing-yang, lat. 36° 06’, long. 111° 33’, in Shan-hsf. But all this is very uncertain. See on Part III, Book iii, ch. 2. The one Book, forming this Part, is called the Canon of Y4o, The character which we translate ‘Canon’ means a document of the most exalted nature, the contents of which are entitled to the greatest regard. The name is given expressly only to one other Book in the Sha. The Canons are the first of the six classes of documents which the Sh contains. Y4o is the subject of the Book:—In ch. 1, in his personal character and the general results of his government; in ch. 2, in his special care for the regulation of the calendar and the labours of agriculture; in ch. 3, in his anxiety to find one who could cope with the ravages of a terrible inundation, and take his place on the throne. The third chapter introduces to our notice Shun, the successor of Y4o. 32 THE SHO KING. PART I. 1. Examining into antiquity, (we find that) the Tt Y4o! was styled Fang-hsiin’%. He was reverential, intelligent, accomplished, and thoughtful,—naturally and without effort. He was sincerely courteous, and capable of (all) complaisance. The bright (influence of these qualities) was felt through the four quarters (of the land), and reached to (heaven) above and (earth) beneath. He made the able and virtuous distinguished, and thence proceeded to the love of (all in) the nine classes of his kindred, who (thus) became harmonious. He (also) regulated and polished the people (of his domain), who all became brightly intelligent. (Finally), he united and harmonized the myriad states; and so the black-haired people were transformed. The result was (universal) concord. 2. He commanded the Hstfs and Hos’, in reverent accordance with (their observation of) the wide heavens, to calculate and delineate (the movements and appearances of) the sun, the moon, the stars, and the zodiacal spaces, and so to deliver respectfully the seasons to be observed by the people.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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