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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The people of Mi? were disobedient, Daring to oppose our great country, And invaded Yiian, marching to Kung*, The king rose, majestic in his wrath; He marshalled his troops, To stop the invading foes ; To consolidate the prosperity of Kau; To meet the expectations of all under heaven. He remained quietly in the capital, But (his troops) went on from the borders of Yiian. They ascended our lofty ridges, And (the enemy) arrayed no forces on our hills, On our hills, small or large, Nor drank at our springs, Our springs or our pools. He then determined the finest of the plains, - And settled on the south of AAt*, On the banks of to the dynasty of Shang, and his making all the states under his presidency loyal also. 1 The statement that ‘God spake to king Wan,’ repeated in stanza 7, vexes the Chinese critics, and they find in it simply an intimation that W&n’s conduct was ‘in accordance with the will of Heaven.’ I am not prepared to object to that view of the meaning; but it is plain that the writer, in giving such a form to his meaning, must have conceived of God as a personal Being, knowing men’s hearts, and able to influence them. 2 Mt? or Mi-hsti was a state in the present King-ning Au, of Phing-liang department, Kan-sf. * Yuan was a state adjacent to Mi,—the present King K4u, and Kung must have been a place or district in it. * Win, it appears, made now a small change in the site of his capital, but did not move to Fang, where he finally settled. 392 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. the Wei, The centre of all the states, The resort of the lower people. God said to king Wan, ‘I am pleased with your intelligent virtue, Not loudly proclaimed nor pourtrayed, Without extravagance or changeableness, Without consciousness of effort on your part, In accordance with the pattern of God.’ God said to king Wan, ‘Take measures against the country of your foes. Along with your brethren, Get ready your scaling ladders, And your engines of onfall and assault, To attack the walls of Kung'.’ The engines of onfall and assault were (at first) gently plied, Against the walls of AZung high and and great; Captives for the question were brought in, one after another; The left ears (of the slain) were taken leisurely *. He had sacrificed to God and to the Father of War’, Thus seeking to induce 1 Khung was a state, in the present district of Hf, department Hsf-an, Shen-hsf. . His conquest of Aung was an important event in the history of king Wan. He moved his capital to it, advancing so much farther towards the east, nearer to the domain of Shang. According to Sze-m4 Xhien the marquis .of Khung had slandered the lord of K4u, who was president of the states of the west, to Kau-hsin, the king of Shang, and our hero was put in prison. His friends succeeded in effecting his deliverance by means of various gifts to the tyrant, and he was reinstated in the west with more than his former power. Three years afterwards he attacked the marquis of Kung.
2His friends succeeded in effecting his deliverance by means of various gifts to the tyrant, and he was reinstated in the west with more than his former power. Three years afterwards he attacked the marquis of Kung. * So far the siege was prosecuted slowly and, so to say, tenderly, Wan hoping that the enemy would be induced to surrender without great sacrifice of life. * The sacrifice to God had been offered in Ku, at the commencement of the expedition; that to the Father of War, on the army’s arriving at the borders of Khung. We can hardly tell who is intended by the Father of War. Af Hsf and others would require the plural ‘ Fathers,’ saying the sacrifice was to Hwang Tt and X4ih YQ, who are found engaged in hostilities far back in the opg9. |THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 393 submission, And throughout the region none had dared to insult him. The engines of onfall and assault were (then) vigorously plied, Against the walls of Kung very strong. He attacked it, and let loose all his forces; He extinguished (its sacrifices)!, and made an end of its existence; And throughout the kingdom none dared to oppose him. Oor 9. Tue HsiA Wo. IN PRAISE OF KING wo, WALKING IN THE WAYS OF HIS FOREFATHERS, AND BY HIS FILIAL PIETY SECURING THE THRONE TO .HIMSELF AND HIS POSTERITY. Successors tread in the steps (of their predecessors) in our Kau. For generations there had been wise kings; The three sovereigns were in heaven ?; And king (Wd) was their worthy successor in his capital 8, . King (Wa) was their worthy successor in his capital, Rousing himself to seek for the hereditary virtue, Always striving to be in accordance with the mythical period of Chinese history. But AAih YO appears as a rebel, or opposed to the One man in all the country who was then fit to rule. It is difficult to imagine how they could be associated, and sacrificed to together. 1 The extinction of its sacrifices was the final act in the extinction of a state. Any members of its ruling House who might survive could no longer sacrifice to their ancestors as having been men of princely dignity. The family was reduced to the ranks of the people. 2 «The three sovereigns, or ‘ wise kings,’ are to be understood of the three celebrated in ode 7,—Thai, A?, and Wan. We are thus obliged, with all Chinese scholars, to understand this ode of king Wf. The statement that ‘the three kings were in heaven’ is very express. 8 The capital here is H&o, to which Wf removed in B.c. 1134, the year after his father’s death. It was on the east of the river Fang, and only avout eight miles from Wan’s capital of Fang. 394 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. will (of Heaven); And thus he secured the confidence due to a king. He secured the confidence due to a king, And became the pattern of all below him. Ever thinking how to be filial, His filial mind was the model (which he supplied).
3394 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. will (of Heaven); And thus he secured the confidence due to a king. He secured the confidence due to a king, And became the pattern of all below him. Ever thinking how to be filial, His filial mind was the model (which he supplied). Men loved him, the One man, And responded (to his example) with a docile virtue. Ever thinking how to be filial, He brilliantly continued the doings (of his fathers). Brilliantly! and his posterity, Continuing to walk in the steps of their forefathers, For myriads of years, Will receive the blessing of Heaven. They will receive the blessing of Heaven, And from the four quarters (of the kingdom) will felicitations come to them. For myriads of years Will there not be their helpers ? Ope 10. THe WAN Wanc yt SHANG. THE PRAISE OF KINGS WAN AND WO) :—HOW THE FORMER DISPLAYED HIS MILITARY PROWESS ONLY TO SECURE THE TRANQUILLITY OF THE PEOPLE ; AND HOW THE LATTER, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESULTS (OF DIVINATION, ENTERED IN HIS NEW CAPITAL OF HAO, INTO THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE KINGDOM WITH THE SINCERE GOOD WILL OF ALL THE PEOPLE. King W&n is famous; Yea, he is very famous. What he sought was the repose (of the people) ; What he saw was the completion (of his work). A sovereign true was king WAn! King W4n received the appointment (from Heaven), And achieved his martial success. Having overthrown Khung! He fixed his (capital) city in Fang A sovereign true was king Wan! 1 As related in ode 7. * Fang had, probably, been the capital of Khung, and Wan ODE 10. THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 395 He repaired the walls along the (old) moat. His establishing himself in Fang was according to (the pattern of his forefathers), It was not that he was in haste to gratify his wishes ;—It was to show the filial duty that had come down to him. A sovereign true was the royal prince ! His royal merit was brightly displayed By those walls of Fang. There were collected (the sympathies of the people of) the four quarters, Who regarded the royal prince as their protector. A sovereign true was the royal prince! The Fang-water flowed on to the east (of the city), Through the meritorious labour of Yi. There were collected (the sympathies of the people of) the four quarters, Who would have the great king as their ruler. A sovereign true was the great king?! In the capital of Hao he built his hall with its circlet of water *. From the west to the east, From the south to the north, There was not a thought but did him homage. A sovereign true was the great king! He examined and divined, did the king, About settling in the capital of Hao. The tortoise-shell decided the site*, And king Wd completed the city. A sovereign true was king Wa! removed to it, simply making the necessary repairs and alterations, This explains how we find nothing about the divinations which should have preceded so important a step as the founding of a new capital. 1 The writer has passed on to WA, who did actually become king.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The people of Mi? were disobedient, Daring to oppose our great country, And invaded Yiian, marching to Kung*, The king rose, majestic in his wrath; He marshalled his troops, To stop the invading foes ; To consolidate the prosperity of Kau; To meet the expectations of all under heaven. He remained quietly in the capital, But (his troops) went on from the borders of Yiian. They ascended our lofty ridges, And (the enemy) arrayed no forces on our hills, On our hills, small or large, Nor drank at our springs, Our springs or our pools. He then determined the finest of the plains, - And settled on the south of AAt*, On the banks of to the dynasty of Shang, and his making all the states under his presidency loyal also. 1 The statement that ‘God spake to king Wan,’ repeated in stanza 7, vexes the Chinese critics, and they find in it simply an intimation that W&n’s conduct was ‘in accordance with the will of Heaven.’ I am not prepared to object to that view of the meaning; but it is plain that the writer, in giving such a form to his meaning, must have conceived of God as a personal Being, knowing men’s hearts, and able to influence them. 2 Mt? or Mi-hsti was a state in the present King-ning Au, of Phing-liang department, Kan-sf. * Yuan was a state adjacent to Mi,—the present King K4u, and Kung must have been a place or district in it. * Win, it appears, made now a small change in the site of his capital, but did not move to Fang, where he finally settled. 392 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. the Wei, The centre of all the states, The resort of the lower people. God said to king Wan, ‘I am pleased with your intelligent virtue, Not loudly proclaimed nor pourtrayed, Without extravagance or changeableness, Without consciousness of effort on your part, In accordance with the pattern of God.’ God said to king Wan, ‘Take measures against the country of your foes. Along with your brethren, Get ready your scaling ladders, And your engines of onfall and assault, To attack the walls of Kung'.’ The engines of onfall and assault were (at first) gently plied, Against the walls of AZung high and and great; Captives for the question were brought in, one after another; The left ears (of the slain) were taken leisurely *. He had sacrificed to God and to the Father of War’, Thus seeking to induce 1 Khung was a state, in the present district of Hf, department Hsf-an, Shen-hsf. . His conquest of Aung was an important event in the history of king Wan. He moved his capital to it, advancing so much farther towards the east, nearer to the domain of Shang. According to Sze-m4 Xhien the marquis .of Khung had slandered the lord of K4u, who was president of the states of the west, to Kau-hsin, the king of Shang, and our hero was put in prison. His friends succeeded in effecting his deliverance by means of various gifts to the tyrant, and he was reinstated in the west with more than his former power. Three years afterwards he attacked the marquis of Kung.
2His friends succeeded in effecting his deliverance by means of various gifts to the tyrant, and he was reinstated in the west with more than his former power. Three years afterwards he attacked the marquis of Kung. * So far the siege was prosecuted slowly and, so to say, tenderly, Wan hoping that the enemy would be induced to surrender without great sacrifice of life. * The sacrifice to God had been offered in Ku, at the commencement of the expedition; that to the Father of War, on the army’s arriving at the borders of Khung. We can hardly tell who is intended by the Father of War. Af Hsf and others would require the plural ‘ Fathers,’ saying the sacrifice was to Hwang Tt and X4ih YQ, who are found engaged in hostilities far back in the opg9. |THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 393 submission, And throughout the region none had dared to insult him. The engines of onfall and assault were (then) vigorously plied, Against the walls of Kung very strong. He attacked it, and let loose all his forces; He extinguished (its sacrifices)!, and made an end of its existence; And throughout the kingdom none dared to oppose him. Oor 9. Tue HsiA Wo. IN PRAISE OF KING wo, WALKING IN THE WAYS OF HIS FOREFATHERS, AND BY HIS FILIAL PIETY SECURING THE THRONE TO .HIMSELF AND HIS POSTERITY. Successors tread in the steps (of their predecessors) in our Kau. For generations there had been wise kings; The three sovereigns were in heaven ?; And king (Wd) was their worthy successor in his capital 8, . King (Wa) was their worthy successor in his capital, Rousing himself to seek for the hereditary virtue, Always striving to be in accordance with the mythical period of Chinese history. But AAih YO appears as a rebel, or opposed to the One man in all the country who was then fit to rule. It is difficult to imagine how they could be associated, and sacrificed to together. 1 The extinction of its sacrifices was the final act in the extinction of a state. Any members of its ruling House who might survive could no longer sacrifice to their ancestors as having been men of princely dignity. The family was reduced to the ranks of the people. 2 «The three sovereigns, or ‘ wise kings,’ are to be understood of the three celebrated in ode 7,—Thai, A?, and Wan. We are thus obliged, with all Chinese scholars, to understand this ode of king Wf. The statement that ‘the three kings were in heaven’ is very express. 8 The capital here is H&o, to which Wf removed in B.c. 1134, the year after his father’s death. It was on the east of the river Fang, and only avout eight miles from Wan’s capital of Fang. 394 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. will (of Heaven); And thus he secured the confidence due to a king. He secured the confidence due to a king, And became the pattern of all below him. Ever thinking how to be filial, His filial mind was the model (which he supplied).
3394 THE SHIH KING. DECADE I. will (of Heaven); And thus he secured the confidence due to a king. He secured the confidence due to a king, And became the pattern of all below him. Ever thinking how to be filial, His filial mind was the model (which he supplied). Men loved him, the One man, And responded (to his example) with a docile virtue. Ever thinking how to be filial, He brilliantly continued the doings (of his fathers). Brilliantly! and his posterity, Continuing to walk in the steps of their forefathers, For myriads of years, Will receive the blessing of Heaven. They will receive the blessing of Heaven, And from the four quarters (of the kingdom) will felicitations come to them. For myriads of years Will there not be their helpers ? Ope 10. THe WAN Wanc yt SHANG. THE PRAISE OF KINGS WAN AND WO) :—HOW THE FORMER DISPLAYED HIS MILITARY PROWESS ONLY TO SECURE THE TRANQUILLITY OF THE PEOPLE ; AND HOW THE LATTER, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESULTS (OF DIVINATION, ENTERED IN HIS NEW CAPITAL OF HAO, INTO THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE KINGDOM WITH THE SINCERE GOOD WILL OF ALL THE PEOPLE. King W&n is famous; Yea, he is very famous. What he sought was the repose (of the people) ; What he saw was the completion (of his work). A sovereign true was king WAn! King W4n received the appointment (from Heaven), And achieved his martial success. Having overthrown Khung! He fixed his (capital) city in Fang A sovereign true was king Wan! 1 As related in ode 7. * Fang had, probably, been the capital of Khung, and Wan ODE 10. THE MAJOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. 395 He repaired the walls along the (old) moat. His establishing himself in Fang was according to (the pattern of his forefathers), It was not that he was in haste to gratify his wishes ;—It was to show the filial duty that had come down to him. A sovereign true was the royal prince ! His royal merit was brightly displayed By those walls of Fang. There were collected (the sympathies of the people of) the four quarters, Who regarded the royal prince as their protector. A sovereign true was the royal prince! The Fang-water flowed on to the east (of the city), Through the meritorious labour of Yi. There were collected (the sympathies of the people of) the four quarters, Who would have the great king as their ruler. A sovereign true was the great king?! In the capital of Hao he built his hall with its circlet of water *. From the west to the east, From the south to the north, There was not a thought but did him homage. A sovereign true was the great king! He examined and divined, did the king, About settling in the capital of Hao. The tortoise-shell decided the site*, And king Wd completed the city. A sovereign true was king Wa! removed to it, simply making the necessary repairs and alterations, This explains how we find nothing about the divinations which should have preceded so important a step as the founding of a new capital. 1 The writer has passed on to WA, who did actually become king.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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