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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
13. The controlling (khddaytnag) of the property is to be publicly provided owt of the kindred of the deceased, and is called the adopted-sonship; and he is to be appointed to it who is the nearest of the same lineage (min ham-nafan), who w2// manage and keep the property united in its entirety. 1 Reading vad marak khan shah bundakéd, but the phrase can also be read vad malk4an shah bandaké, ‘while he 7s a servant of the king of kings (that is, a subject of the Iranian sovereign), which is evidently the reading adopted by M14 in Chap. LVII, 2, where it substitutes the Huz. synonym malk4 for shah, but here the word shah is uncertain. This ambiguous phrase can also be read vad mark-&hangihé bundaké, ‘ while the agonies of death are complete.’ * See Chap. LIV, 9. 5 About 84 rfipis (see Chap. LII, 1); but the actual value of such an income depends upon the value of silver at that time, or, in other words, upon the prices of the necessaries of life. CHAPTER LVI, I-9. 189 4. The guardianship of a family is that when a guardian fas to be appointed in that manner over the family of a man whose wife’, or daughter, or infant son is not fit for their own guardianship, so it is necessary to appoint some one. 5. And it is necessary to appoint the adopted son and the family guardianship at such time as may be convenient to them; and when the man passes away as I have written it is necessary to appoint at such period as I have written, and to neglect z¢ temporarily, even the length of a year, would not be authorised. 6. zt for adoption is a grown-up sister who is not adopted in another family*, then a brother's daughter, then a brother’s son, amd then the other nearest relatives. 7. /7¢ for the family guardianship is first the father of the serving wzfe (Aagar) , then a brother, then a daughter, and then the other nearest relations; among brothers he who is the eldest (mas) among ¢hem is the fittest. 8. The food avd clothing of a wife that may be privileged —who is the house-mistress of the family, and is one kind of adopted son—of a living infant son till he becomes grown up, and of a daughter of the family while she is in the guardianship of the family guardians‘, are out of the property of the family so long as it exists for the purpose. 9. Jt has become ‘the custom ¢hat the lapfuls and 1 Because she is not a privileged wife, but a serving one (see Chap. LIV, 9), as appears from § 7. 3 A woman or child cannot be adopted by more than one family (see Chap. LVII, 3). The case under consideration is that mentioned in § 2, when the deceased leaves no wife, child, or brother. * Referring to the case assumed in § 4. * That is, till she is married. 190 DApISTAN-f DINiK.
23 A woman or child cannot be adopted by more than one family (see Chap. LVII, 3). The case under consideration is that mentioned in § 2, when the deceased leaves no wife, child, or brother. * Referring to the case assumed in § 4. * That is, till she is married. 190 DApISTAN-f DINiK. armfuls! of the family guardian are every month four stirs of, it may be, sixteen, which is the disbursement (and4zisn6), for food, clothing, medicine, and shelter, out of the income (bar), or out of the capital (bin), of the property which remains in the family, by a perfect ® wife when she is capable—such as the former house-mistress—so as want of nourishment (atafd4d6) may not come nakedly and unlawfully upon them. CuapTer LVII. 1. As ¢o the fifty-sixth question and reply, that which you ask is thus: Who is suitable for adoption, and who is not suitable ? 2. The reply is this, that a grown-up man of the good religion who is intelligent, a complete ruler of a numerous household‘, expecting offspring, axa not having sins worthy of death is suitable for adoption ; even when he has accepted either one adoption, or many adoptions, he is then still suitable for another adoption. 3. And a grown-up woman, oy evena child, is suitable for one adoption, év¢ when adopted in one family she is not suitable for another adoption. 1 That is, an ample remuneration (see Chap. LIV, ro). * So the sentence may be literally translated, but it is not quite certain that this is the meaning intended, as the language used is very involved. This would imply that the family guardian is entitled to one-fourth of the family expenditure. * It is doubtful what noun is to be connected with the adjective pfr; perhaps we should read ‘ full disbursement’ in the foregoing part of the sentence, and omit the word ‘perfect’ here. * Mr4 has malk44n6 malka béndak, ‘a servant of the king of kings ;’ but see Chap. LVI, 2. CHAPTER LVII, I-LVIII, 5. Ig! 4. A woman requiring a husband—though a complete worshipper—or-a foreigner, or an infidel, or one having s¢xs worthy of death, is unfit for adoption ; so also those who are demon-worshippers, she who is a concubine (shfisar nésman) oy courtezan, and she who is menstruous are unfit. Cuapter LVIII. 1. The fifty-seventh question is that which you ask thus: How many kinds of family guardianship and adoption are there? 2. The reply is this, that it is said ¢heve are three kinds, which are the existent, the provided, and the appointed. 3. An adopted son who is existent is such as a wife who may be privileged, ov an only daughter is a kind of adopted son owing to confidence in herself, such as happens when there is no wife, and a daughter for whom there is no husband, avd none is provided, is the one ¢saé has remained. 4. An adopted son who is provided is such as a son that is acknowledged, who is accepted by one’s self!, and free from dezag appointed, or from necessity”.
34. An adopted son who is provided is such as a son that is acknowledged, who is accepted by one’s self!, and free from dezag appointed, or from necessity”. 5. And an adopted son who is appointed is he who is to be appointed among the relations who are suitable for adoption—and are nearest to him who is to be appointed as adopted son—and the ministers (pad4n) of religion, amd he performs the duty of ‘ That is, adopted during the man’s lifetime. * Reacing ayfif niy4zé, but it may be ay fifd &y4vd, ‘or from discovery.’ 192 DApIsTAN-! pDinfK. family guardianship!; he who ts the appointed one is he who is appointed by the men who ave the nearest relations (nabAnazdist4n6) on account of proximity. Cuapter LIX. 1. As éo the fifty-eighth question and reply, that which you ask is thus: For how much property is it then necessary to appoint an adopted son ? 2. The reply is this, that when the property which has remained his for whom it is necessary to appoint an adopted son is as much as sixty sttrs* of income, z¢ is then indispensable to appoint an adopted son for him. 3. Even when 2¢ is less they should recognise him whose adoption is needful, axa who conducts an adopted son’s duty; and, similarly, an adoption is to be appointed for him, though it may not come as a possession unto him who is fittest for adoption. , CHAPTER LX. 1. As éo the fifty-ninth question and reply, that which you ask is thus: What is the sin owing to not appointing ax adopted son ? 2. The reply is this, that for the man himself 2¢ is allowable when he gives up all the property in 1 Mrq has ‘an existent family guardianship is :# the son of him appointed, and a provided one is that when he himself performs the duty in the guardianship ;’ but the phrase interpolated is hardly grammatical. * About 84 rfipts (see Chap. LVI, 2). CHAPTER LIX, I-LXI, 2. 193 righteous gifts, aza@ when he has no property they should not provide an adopted-sonship for him, and his relations are innocent as regards it. 3. But should they recognise him who has the adoptedsonship of the deceased, or has accepted the position of his adopted-sonship 1, ov should they have seized the property for the adopted-sonship zz order to appoint an acting adopted son (satérgar), and he conducts the adopted-sonship, and throws away doth the portion (b6n) provided for disbursement (vishé6p6) and the entirety, and quite destroys the property, and thoroughly ruins the adopted-sonship, though, on account of not restraining him, it is said to be a sin worthy of death for every single dirham, it is not said ¢hey are killed outright. CuaPter LXI. 1. As ¢o the sixtieth question azd reply, that which you ask is thus: What is the propriety and impropriety, the merit axd demerit, of family guardianship ? 2. The reply is this, that the merit is the appointment and recognition of him who accomplishes more worthily the greater benefit; the demerit is as 40
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
13. The controlling (khddaytnag) of the property is to be publicly provided owt of the kindred of the deceased, and is called the adopted-sonship; and he is to be appointed to it who is the nearest of the same lineage (min ham-nafan), who w2// manage and keep the property united in its entirety. 1 Reading vad marak khan shah bundakéd, but the phrase can also be read vad malk4an shah bandaké, ‘while he 7s a servant of the king of kings (that is, a subject of the Iranian sovereign), which is evidently the reading adopted by M14 in Chap. LVII, 2, where it substitutes the Huz. synonym malk4 for shah, but here the word shah is uncertain. This ambiguous phrase can also be read vad mark-&hangihé bundaké, ‘ while the agonies of death are complete.’ * See Chap. LIV, 9. 5 About 84 rfipis (see Chap. LII, 1); but the actual value of such an income depends upon the value of silver at that time, or, in other words, upon the prices of the necessaries of life. CHAPTER LVI, I-9. 189 4. The guardianship of a family is that when a guardian fas to be appointed in that manner over the family of a man whose wife’, or daughter, or infant son is not fit for their own guardianship, so it is necessary to appoint some one. 5. And it is necessary to appoint the adopted son and the family guardianship at such time as may be convenient to them; and when the man passes away as I have written it is necessary to appoint at such period as I have written, and to neglect z¢ temporarily, even the length of a year, would not be authorised. 6. zt for adoption is a grown-up sister who is not adopted in another family*, then a brother's daughter, then a brother’s son, amd then the other nearest relatives. 7. /7¢ for the family guardianship is first the father of the serving wzfe (Aagar) , then a brother, then a daughter, and then the other nearest relations; among brothers he who is the eldest (mas) among ¢hem is the fittest. 8. The food avd clothing of a wife that may be privileged —who is the house-mistress of the family, and is one kind of adopted son—of a living infant son till he becomes grown up, and of a daughter of the family while she is in the guardianship of the family guardians‘, are out of the property of the family so long as it exists for the purpose. 9. Jt has become ‘the custom ¢hat the lapfuls and 1 Because she is not a privileged wife, but a serving one (see Chap. LIV, 9), as appears from § 7. 3 A woman or child cannot be adopted by more than one family (see Chap. LVII, 3). The case under consideration is that mentioned in § 2, when the deceased leaves no wife, child, or brother. * Referring to the case assumed in § 4. * That is, till she is married. 190 DApISTAN-f DINiK.
23 A woman or child cannot be adopted by more than one family (see Chap. LVII, 3). The case under consideration is that mentioned in § 2, when the deceased leaves no wife, child, or brother. * Referring to the case assumed in § 4. * That is, till she is married. 190 DApISTAN-f DINiK. armfuls! of the family guardian are every month four stirs of, it may be, sixteen, which is the disbursement (and4zisn6), for food, clothing, medicine, and shelter, out of the income (bar), or out of the capital (bin), of the property which remains in the family, by a perfect ® wife when she is capable—such as the former house-mistress—so as want of nourishment (atafd4d6) may not come nakedly and unlawfully upon them. CuapTer LVII. 1. As ¢o the fifty-sixth question and reply, that which you ask is thus: Who is suitable for adoption, and who is not suitable ? 2. The reply is this, that a grown-up man of the good religion who is intelligent, a complete ruler of a numerous household‘, expecting offspring, axa not having sins worthy of death is suitable for adoption ; even when he has accepted either one adoption, or many adoptions, he is then still suitable for another adoption. 3. And a grown-up woman, oy evena child, is suitable for one adoption, év¢ when adopted in one family she is not suitable for another adoption. 1 That is, an ample remuneration (see Chap. LIV, ro). * So the sentence may be literally translated, but it is not quite certain that this is the meaning intended, as the language used is very involved. This would imply that the family guardian is entitled to one-fourth of the family expenditure. * It is doubtful what noun is to be connected with the adjective pfr; perhaps we should read ‘ full disbursement’ in the foregoing part of the sentence, and omit the word ‘perfect’ here. * Mr4 has malk44n6 malka béndak, ‘a servant of the king of kings ;’ but see Chap. LVI, 2. CHAPTER LVII, I-LVIII, 5. Ig! 4. A woman requiring a husband—though a complete worshipper—or-a foreigner, or an infidel, or one having s¢xs worthy of death, is unfit for adoption ; so also those who are demon-worshippers, she who is a concubine (shfisar nésman) oy courtezan, and she who is menstruous are unfit. Cuapter LVIII. 1. The fifty-seventh question is that which you ask thus: How many kinds of family guardianship and adoption are there? 2. The reply is this, that it is said ¢heve are three kinds, which are the existent, the provided, and the appointed. 3. An adopted son who is existent is such as a wife who may be privileged, ov an only daughter is a kind of adopted son owing to confidence in herself, such as happens when there is no wife, and a daughter for whom there is no husband, avd none is provided, is the one ¢saé has remained. 4. An adopted son who is provided is such as a son that is acknowledged, who is accepted by one’s self!, and free from dezag appointed, or from necessity”.
34. An adopted son who is provided is such as a son that is acknowledged, who is accepted by one’s self!, and free from dezag appointed, or from necessity”. 5. And an adopted son who is appointed is he who is to be appointed among the relations who are suitable for adoption—and are nearest to him who is to be appointed as adopted son—and the ministers (pad4n) of religion, amd he performs the duty of ‘ That is, adopted during the man’s lifetime. * Reacing ayfif niy4zé, but it may be ay fifd &y4vd, ‘or from discovery.’ 192 DApIsTAN-! pDinfK. family guardianship!; he who ts the appointed one is he who is appointed by the men who ave the nearest relations (nabAnazdist4n6) on account of proximity. Cuapter LIX. 1. As éo the fifty-eighth question and reply, that which you ask is thus: For how much property is it then necessary to appoint an adopted son ? 2. The reply is this, that when the property which has remained his for whom it is necessary to appoint an adopted son is as much as sixty sttrs* of income, z¢ is then indispensable to appoint an adopted son for him. 3. Even when 2¢ is less they should recognise him whose adoption is needful, axa who conducts an adopted son’s duty; and, similarly, an adoption is to be appointed for him, though it may not come as a possession unto him who is fittest for adoption. , CHAPTER LX. 1. As éo the fifty-ninth question and reply, that which you ask is thus: What is the sin owing to not appointing ax adopted son ? 2. The reply is this, that for the man himself 2¢ is allowable when he gives up all the property in 1 Mrq has ‘an existent family guardianship is :# the son of him appointed, and a provided one is that when he himself performs the duty in the guardianship ;’ but the phrase interpolated is hardly grammatical. * About 84 rfipts (see Chap. LVI, 2). CHAPTER LIX, I-LXI, 2. 193 righteous gifts, aza@ when he has no property they should not provide an adopted-sonship for him, and his relations are innocent as regards it. 3. But should they recognise him who has the adoptedsonship of the deceased, or has accepted the position of his adopted-sonship 1, ov should they have seized the property for the adopted-sonship zz order to appoint an acting adopted son (satérgar), and he conducts the adopted-sonship, and throws away doth the portion (b6n) provided for disbursement (vishé6p6) and the entirety, and quite destroys the property, and thoroughly ruins the adopted-sonship, though, on account of not restraining him, it is said to be a sin worthy of death for every single dirham, it is not said ¢hey are killed outright. CuaPter LXI. 1. As ¢o the sixtieth question azd reply, that which you ask is thus: What is the propriety and impropriety, the merit axd demerit, of family guardianship ? 2. The reply is this, that the merit is the appointment and recognition of him who accomplishes more worthily the greater benefit; the demerit is as 40
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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