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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Bb2 372 KULLAVAGGA. XI, 1, 2. ‘Come, Sirs, let-us chant together the Dhamma and the Vinaya before what is not Dhamma is spread abroad, and what is Dhamma is put aside; before what is not Vinaya is spread abroad, and what is Vinaya is put aside; before those who argue against the Dhamma become powerful, and those who hold to the Dhamma become weak; before those who argue against the Vinaya become powerful, and those who hold to the Vinaya become weak !’ 2. ‘Let then the venerable Thera choose out Bhikkhus.’ Then the venerable Maha Kassapa chose out five hundred Arahats less one. And the Bhikkhus said to the venerable Mahé Kassapa: ‘Lord, this venerable one, Ananda, although he have not yet attained [to Nirvaza], yet is he incapable of falling into error through partiality, or malice, or stupidity, or fear, and thoroughly have the Dhamma and the Vinaya been learnt by him from the Blessed One himself. Therefore let our Lord choose the venerable Ananda. And the venerable Maha Kassapa chose also the venerable Ananda.’ 3. Then it occurred to the Thera Bhikkhus: ‘In what place shall we now chant over together the Dhamma and the Vinaya?’ And it occurred to the Thera Bhikkhus: ‘In Régagaha is alms plentiful, and there is abundance of lodging-places. .What, now, if we were to spend the rainy season at RAgagaha, and chant the Dhamma and the Vinaya together there: and if no other Bhikkhus were to go up to Ragagaha for the rainy season???’ 4. Then the venerable Mahd4 Kassapa laid the ) This last was necessary, for if other Bhikkhus spent the Was at Ragagaha, either they must take part in the council, or its XI, 1,6. | ON THE COUNCIL OF RAGAGAHA. 373 resolution before the Samgha: ‘ Let the venerable Samgha hear me. If the time seems meet to the Samgha, let the Samgha appoint that these five hundred Bhikkhus take up their residence during the rainy season at Ragagaha, to chant over together the Dhamma and the Vinaya, and that no other Bhikkhus go up to R4gagaha for the rainy season. This is the resolution. Let the venerable Samgha hear. The Samgha appoints accordingly. Whosoever of the venerable ones approves thereof, let him keep silence. Whosoever approves not thereof, let him speak. The Samgha has appointed accordingly. Therefore is it silent. Thus do I understand.’ 5. So the Thera Bhikkhus went up to Ragagaha to chant over together the Dhamma and the Vinaya. And the Thera Bhikkhus thought: ‘The Blessed One has spoken in praise of the repair of dilapidations. Let us, then, during the first month of the rainy season repair such dilapidations, and during the middle month let us chant over the Dhamma and the Vinaya together.’ And during the first month they repaired dilapidation.
2Let us, then, during the first month of the rainy season repair such dilapidations, and during the middle month let us chant over the Dhamma and the Vinaya together.’ And during the first month they repaired dilapidation. 6. And the venerable Ananda—thinking, ‘Tomorrow is the assembly, now it beseems me not to go into the assembly while I am still only on the way (towards Arahatship)’— spent the whole night with mind alert. And at the close of the night, intending to lie down, he inclined his body, but before his head reached the pillow, and while his feet were still far from the ground, in the interval he became decisions would have been invalid through its being incompletely constituted (want of vaggatta). 374 KULLAVAGGA. XI, 1, 7 free from attachment to the world, and his heart was emancipated from the Asavas (that is to say, from sensuality, individuality, delusion, and ignorance)". 7. And the venerable Mahé Kassapa laid the resolution before the Samgha: ‘If the time seem meet to the Samgha, I will question Upali concerning the Vinaya.’ And the venerable Upali laid a resolution before the Samgha: ‘ Let the venerable Samgha hear me. If the time seems meet to the Samgha, I, when questioned by the venerable Maha Kassapa, will give reply.’ Then the venerable Mah4 Kassapa said to the venerable Upéli: ‘ Venerable Up4li, where was the first Paragika promulgated ?’ ‘In VesAlt, Sir.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ‘Concerning Sudinna, the son of Kalanda.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ ‘ Sexual intercourse.’ Thus did the venerable Mah4 Kassapa question the venerable Updli as to the matter, as to the occasion, as to the individual concerned, as to the (principal) rule, as to the sub-rule’, as to who would be guilty, and as to who would be innocent °, of the first Paragika. ‘ In other words, he became an Arahat. Some MSS. omit the clause about the feet. 3 Anupafsatti. Turnour (Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1837, p. 19) translates this word, which is not in Childers, by ‘the sequel or application of the exhortation.’ We think the paffiatti refers to the principal rule (as laid down in the Sutta Vibhanga at the close of I, 5, rr), and the anupafifiatti to the additions made to it in the following sections. * This last clause doubtless refers to the closing words in the account given in the Sutta Vibhaiga of each rule. XI, 1,7, ON THE COUNCIL OF RAGAGAHA. 375 ‘Again, venerable Up4li, where was the second Péragika promulgated ?’ ‘At Ragagaha, Sir.’ ‘ Concerning whom was it spoken ?’. ‘ Dhaniya, the potter’s son.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ ‘ The taking of that which had not been given ¥’ Thus did the venerable Maha Kassapa question the venerable Up4li as to the matter, and as to the occasion, and as to the individual concerned, and as to the (principal) rule, and as to the sub-rule, ard as to who would be guilty, and as to who would be innocent of the second P4ragika.
3‘Again, venerable Updli, where was the third Péragika promulgated ?’ ‘At Vesalt, Sir.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ‘A number of Bhikkhus.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ ‘Human beings*.’ Thus did the venerable Mahé Kassapa question the venerable Upiali as to [all the particulars, as before] of the third Paragika. ‘Again, venerable Upali, where was the fourth Paragika promulgated ?’ ‘At Vesali, Sir.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ‘The Bhikkhus dwelling on the banks of the Vaggumudé river.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ 1 That is, ‘theft.’ * That is, murder or manslaughter. ‘The slaying of’ is to be understood. 376 ' KULLAVAGGA. XI, 1, 8 ‘Superhuman conditions.’ Thus did the venerable Maha Kassapa question the venerable Updli as to [all the particulars, as before] of the.fourth Paragika. And in like manner did he question him through both the Vinayas? and as he was successively asked, so did Upéli make reply. - 8. Then the venerable Mahé Kassapa laid a resolution before the Samgha: ‘Let the venerable Samgha hear me. If the time seems meet to the . Samgha, I would question Ananda concerning the Dhamma.’ And the venerable Ananda laid a resolution before the Samgha: ‘Let the venerable Samgha -hear me. If the time seems meet to the Samgha, I, as questioned by the venerable Mahé Kassapa, will give reply.’ And the venerable Maha Kassapa said to the venerable Ananda: ‘Where, venerable Ananda, was the Brahmagdla spoken ?’ ‘On the way, Sir, between RAgagaha and Nalanda, at the royal rest-house at Ambala¢¢hika *.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ' ‘Suppiya, the wandering ascetic, and Brahma- ~ datta, the young Brahman.’ Thus did the venerable Mah4 Kassapa question 1 Ubhato-vinaye. That is, relating on the one hand to Bhikkhus, and on the other to Bhikkhunis (not Sutta Vibhanga and Khandhakas). The Burmese MS. at Berlin reads ubhato-vibhange, suggested possibly by Buddhaghosa’s expression in the corresponding part of his accounts of this Council at the commencement of the Sumangala Vildsini and the Samanta Pas4dik4 (see Turnouwr, loc. cit., and H. O., Vinaya III, 290.) * In the text read ragagarake, as suggested in the notes at Pp. 329, and confirmed by the Sutta itself (ed. Grimblot). XI,1,9. ON THE COUNCIL OF RAGAGAHA. 377 the venerable Ananda as to the occasion of the Brahmagala, and as to the individuals concerning whom it was spoken. ‘And again, venerable Ananda, where was the Sama##a-phala spoken ?’ ‘At R4gagaha, Sir; in Givaka’s Mango Grove.’ * And with whom was it spoken ?” ‘With AgAtasattu, the son of the Vedeht.’ Thus did the venerable Maha Kassapa question the venerable Ananda as to the occasion of the S4ma“#a-phala, and as to the individual concerned. And in like manner did he question him through the five NikAyas, and as he was successively asked, so did Ananda make reply.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Bb2 372 KULLAVAGGA. XI, 1, 2. ‘Come, Sirs, let-us chant together the Dhamma and the Vinaya before what is not Dhamma is spread abroad, and what is Dhamma is put aside; before what is not Vinaya is spread abroad, and what is Vinaya is put aside; before those who argue against the Dhamma become powerful, and those who hold to the Dhamma become weak; before those who argue against the Vinaya become powerful, and those who hold to the Vinaya become weak !’ 2. ‘Let then the venerable Thera choose out Bhikkhus.’ Then the venerable Maha Kassapa chose out five hundred Arahats less one. And the Bhikkhus said to the venerable Mahé Kassapa: ‘Lord, this venerable one, Ananda, although he have not yet attained [to Nirvaza], yet is he incapable of falling into error through partiality, or malice, or stupidity, or fear, and thoroughly have the Dhamma and the Vinaya been learnt by him from the Blessed One himself. Therefore let our Lord choose the venerable Ananda. And the venerable Maha Kassapa chose also the venerable Ananda.’ 3. Then it occurred to the Thera Bhikkhus: ‘In what place shall we now chant over together the Dhamma and the Vinaya?’ And it occurred to the Thera Bhikkhus: ‘In Régagaha is alms plentiful, and there is abundance of lodging-places. .What, now, if we were to spend the rainy season at RAgagaha, and chant the Dhamma and the Vinaya together there: and if no other Bhikkhus were to go up to Ragagaha for the rainy season???’ 4. Then the venerable Mahd4 Kassapa laid the ) This last was necessary, for if other Bhikkhus spent the Was at Ragagaha, either they must take part in the council, or its XI, 1,6. | ON THE COUNCIL OF RAGAGAHA. 373 resolution before the Samgha: ‘ Let the venerable Samgha hear me. If the time seems meet to the Samgha, let the Samgha appoint that these five hundred Bhikkhus take up their residence during the rainy season at Ragagaha, to chant over together the Dhamma and the Vinaya, and that no other Bhikkhus go up to R4gagaha for the rainy season. This is the resolution. Let the venerable Samgha hear. The Samgha appoints accordingly. Whosoever of the venerable ones approves thereof, let him keep silence. Whosoever approves not thereof, let him speak. The Samgha has appointed accordingly. Therefore is it silent. Thus do I understand.’ 5. So the Thera Bhikkhus went up to Ragagaha to chant over together the Dhamma and the Vinaya. And the Thera Bhikkhus thought: ‘The Blessed One has spoken in praise of the repair of dilapidations. Let us, then, during the first month of the rainy season repair such dilapidations, and during the middle month let us chant over the Dhamma and the Vinaya together.’ And during the first month they repaired dilapidation.
2Let us, then, during the first month of the rainy season repair such dilapidations, and during the middle month let us chant over the Dhamma and the Vinaya together.’ And during the first month they repaired dilapidation. 6. And the venerable Ananda—thinking, ‘Tomorrow is the assembly, now it beseems me not to go into the assembly while I am still only on the way (towards Arahatship)’— spent the whole night with mind alert. And at the close of the night, intending to lie down, he inclined his body, but before his head reached the pillow, and while his feet were still far from the ground, in the interval he became decisions would have been invalid through its being incompletely constituted (want of vaggatta). 374 KULLAVAGGA. XI, 1, 7 free from attachment to the world, and his heart was emancipated from the Asavas (that is to say, from sensuality, individuality, delusion, and ignorance)". 7. And the venerable Mahé Kassapa laid the resolution before the Samgha: ‘If the time seem meet to the Samgha, I will question Upali concerning the Vinaya.’ And the venerable Upali laid a resolution before the Samgha: ‘ Let the venerable Samgha hear me. If the time seems meet to the Samgha, I, when questioned by the venerable Maha Kassapa, will give reply.’ Then the venerable Mah4 Kassapa said to the venerable Upéli: ‘ Venerable Up4li, where was the first Paragika promulgated ?’ ‘In VesAlt, Sir.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ‘Concerning Sudinna, the son of Kalanda.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ ‘ Sexual intercourse.’ Thus did the venerable Mah4 Kassapa question the venerable Updli as to the matter, as to the occasion, as to the individual concerned, as to the (principal) rule, as to the sub-rule’, as to who would be guilty, and as to who would be innocent °, of the first Paragika. ‘ In other words, he became an Arahat. Some MSS. omit the clause about the feet. 3 Anupafsatti. Turnour (Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1837, p. 19) translates this word, which is not in Childers, by ‘the sequel or application of the exhortation.’ We think the paffiatti refers to the principal rule (as laid down in the Sutta Vibhanga at the close of I, 5, rr), and the anupafifiatti to the additions made to it in the following sections. * This last clause doubtless refers to the closing words in the account given in the Sutta Vibhaiga of each rule. XI, 1,7, ON THE COUNCIL OF RAGAGAHA. 375 ‘Again, venerable Up4li, where was the second Péragika promulgated ?’ ‘At Ragagaha, Sir.’ ‘ Concerning whom was it spoken ?’. ‘ Dhaniya, the potter’s son.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ ‘ The taking of that which had not been given ¥’ Thus did the venerable Maha Kassapa question the venerable Up4li as to the matter, and as to the occasion, and as to the individual concerned, and as to the (principal) rule, and as to the sub-rule, ard as to who would be guilty, and as to who would be innocent of the second P4ragika.
3‘Again, venerable Updli, where was the third Péragika promulgated ?’ ‘At Vesalt, Sir.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ‘A number of Bhikkhus.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ ‘Human beings*.’ Thus did the venerable Mahé Kassapa question the venerable Upiali as to [all the particulars, as before] of the third Paragika. ‘Again, venerable Upali, where was the fourth Paragika promulgated ?’ ‘At Vesali, Sir.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ‘The Bhikkhus dwelling on the banks of the Vaggumudé river.’ ‘In regard to what matter ?’ 1 That is, ‘theft.’ * That is, murder or manslaughter. ‘The slaying of’ is to be understood. 376 ' KULLAVAGGA. XI, 1, 8 ‘Superhuman conditions.’ Thus did the venerable Maha Kassapa question the venerable Updli as to [all the particulars, as before] of the.fourth Paragika. And in like manner did he question him through both the Vinayas? and as he was successively asked, so did Upéli make reply. - 8. Then the venerable Mahé Kassapa laid a resolution before the Samgha: ‘Let the venerable Samgha hear me. If the time seems meet to the . Samgha, I would question Ananda concerning the Dhamma.’ And the venerable Ananda laid a resolution before the Samgha: ‘Let the venerable Samgha -hear me. If the time seems meet to the Samgha, I, as questioned by the venerable Mahé Kassapa, will give reply.’ And the venerable Maha Kassapa said to the venerable Ananda: ‘Where, venerable Ananda, was the Brahmagdla spoken ?’ ‘On the way, Sir, between RAgagaha and Nalanda, at the royal rest-house at Ambala¢¢hika *.’ ‘Concerning whom was it spoken ?’ ' ‘Suppiya, the wandering ascetic, and Brahma- ~ datta, the young Brahman.’ Thus did the venerable Mah4 Kassapa question 1 Ubhato-vinaye. That is, relating on the one hand to Bhikkhus, and on the other to Bhikkhunis (not Sutta Vibhanga and Khandhakas). The Burmese MS. at Berlin reads ubhato-vibhange, suggested possibly by Buddhaghosa’s expression in the corresponding part of his accounts of this Council at the commencement of the Sumangala Vildsini and the Samanta Pas4dik4 (see Turnouwr, loc. cit., and H. O., Vinaya III, 290.) * In the text read ragagarake, as suggested in the notes at Pp. 329, and confirmed by the Sutta itself (ed. Grimblot). XI,1,9. ON THE COUNCIL OF RAGAGAHA. 377 the venerable Ananda as to the occasion of the Brahmagala, and as to the individuals concerning whom it was spoken. ‘And again, venerable Ananda, where was the Sama##a-phala spoken ?’ ‘At R4gagaha, Sir; in Givaka’s Mango Grove.’ * And with whom was it spoken ?” ‘With AgAtasattu, the son of the Vedeht.’ Thus did the venerable Maha Kassapa question the venerable Ananda as to the occasion of the S4ma“#a-phala, and as to the individual concerned. And in like manner did he question him through the five NikAyas, and as he was successively asked, so did Ananda make reply.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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