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1Google This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world’s books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book’s long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you: + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes. + Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google’s system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help. + Maintain attribution The Google “watermark” you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it. + Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can’t offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book’s appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. About Google Book Search Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ HARVARD DEPOSITORY
2Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ HARVARD DEPOSITORY BRITTLE BOOK Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Zor ia THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST (35) a Zondon HENRY FROWDE OxForD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE AMEN CORNER, E.C, THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY NY 2 4 6 fF F, MAX MULLER VOL. XXXV Cc. @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1890 [All rights reserved ] Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY Mi nda he , THE QUESTIONS OF KING MILINDA TRANSLATED FROM THE PALI BY wa, ra aN 4 (6 Cla vy "’'T. W. RHYS DAVIDS @yford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1890 [All rights reserved } Cc —. — dl BL lO10 53 V.35 CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION The Simhalese version of the Milinda Buddhaghosa’s four references to it . MSS. and edition of the text . King Milinda the same as Menander Notices of him in classical writers . His coins . His birthplace, Kalasi, probably = Karisi . The author not the same as Nagarguaa . Passages in the Pifakas referred to silently P4li books, &c., referred to by name Pifaka passages quoted . . Length of the Pi/akas Results of these comparisons . Differences between our author and the Pifakas Proper names outside the Pifakas . Differences of language between our author and the Pifakas . The Milinda as a work of art ‘TRANSLATION OF THE TEXT. Book I. The Secular Narrative Description of Sagala Previous births of Milinda and Nagasena Milinda’s greatness and wisdom and love of disputation Birth story of Nagasena. . ’ His admission as a novice into the Order His conversion . His attainment of ‘Arahatship Milinda confutes Ayup4la . Nagasena arrives; his character . Milinda goes tohim . . PAGE xi xii xiv xvi xviii xix xX xxiii XXV XXxvii xxix Xxxi XXXVI XXXvViii xl xliii xlv xlviii Ah vn 10 20 25 29 30 34 36 Vili CONTENTS. PAGE Book II. The Distinguishing Characteristics of Ethical Qualities . . . . ar <) Individuality and name_ six. . . . . . 4i The chariot simile- . . . . . . - 43 The riddle of seniority . 45 (Interlude) How kings and scholars respectively discuss 46 No soul in the breath . . . . . . . 48 Aim of Buddhist renunciation. . . . - 49 Re-incarnation . . . . . xo) Wisdom and reasoning distinguished . . . - 51 ‘Virtue’s the base’. . . . . . - 53 Faith . : . . . . . . - 54 Perseverance. : . . . . . - 57 Mindfulness . : . . . . . - 58 Meditation . . . - 60 Continued identity and Te- -individualisation . . 63-77 Wisdom and intelligence distinguished . . - 66 Time . . . . . 47 Origin and development of qualities . . . . 82 Is there a soul? . . . . . . . . 86 Thought and sight. . . . . . . 89 Contact, sensation, and idea . . . . . 92
3. . - 60 Continued identity and Te- -individualisation . . 63-77 Wisdom and intelligence distinguished . . - 66 Time . . . . . 47 Origin and development of qualities . . . . 82 Is there a soul? . . . . . . . . 86 Thought and sight. . . . . . . 89 Contact, sensation, and idea . . . . . 92 Book III. The Removal of Difficulties . . - 100 Rich and poor . . . . oe . . . 100 Renunciation again. . . . . . 101 Nirvana and Karma . . . . 106 Difficulties of various kinds as to > transmigration, indi- viduality, and the Buddha. . . . . 120 Book IV. The Solving of Dilemmas . . . 137 Milinda finds dilemmas in the Holy Writ. . - 137 And takes the Buddhist vows. . . . . 138 Third meeting between him and Nagasena . . 140 rst Dilemma. If the Buddha has really quite passed away, what is the good of paying honour to his relics? . . 144 2nd Dilemma. How can the Buddha be omniscient, when it is said that he reflects? . . 154 3rd Dilemma. Why did he admit Devadatta to the Order, if he knew of the schism he would create?. 162 CONTENTS. 1X PAGE 4th Dilemma, Vessantara’s earthquake 170 5th Dilemma. King Sivi 179 7th Dilemma. Difference in prophecies as to the duration of the faith 185 8th Dilemma. The Buddha’s sinlessness and his sufferings 190 gth Dilemma. Why should the Buddha have meditated? 196 roth Dilemma. Why did the Buddha boast? 198 11th Dilemma. How could the Buddha revoke regulations he had made? . 202 12th Dilemma. Why did the Buddha refuse to answer certain questions? . 204 13th Dilemma. Contradictory statements by the Buddha as to fear 206 14th Dilemma. How can Pirit cure disease ? 213 15th Dilemma. How could the evil one turn people against the Buddha? . . 219 16th Dilemma. Contradiction as to conscious crime 224 17th Dilemma. Contradiction as to the Buddha’s wish to be the chief. . : . 225 18th Dilemma. How could a schism have a arisen in the Buddha's life? 227 1gth Dilemma. Why do members of the Order accept reverence? . : 232 20th Dilemma. The evil results of preaching 234 22nd Dilemma. Was not the Buddha once angry with Sudinna? . . . . 237 23rd Dilemma. The tree talking 241 24th Dilemma. The Buddha’s last meal 242 25th Dilemma. Adoration of relics 246 26th Dilemma. The splinter of rock 248 27th Dilemma. Contradictory description of the Samana 251 28th Dilemma. Buddha’s boasting . 253 29th Dilemma. How can the kind punish others ? 254 3oth Dilemma. Was not the Buddha angry at Katum4? 257 31st Dilemma. How could Moggallana have had miraculous powers seeing that he was murdered? 261 32nd Dilemma. Why should the rules of the Order be kept secret? . . . 264 33rd Dilemma. Contradictions about falsehood 268 x CONTENTS. 34th Dilemma. Did not the Omniscient One once doubt? 35th Dilemma. Suicide 36th Dilemma. Love to all beings 37th Dilemma. Wickedness and prosperity . 38th Dilemma. Women’s wiles . 39th Dilemma. Did not the Arahats once show fear? . 4oth Dilemma. Did not the Omniscient One once change his mind? .
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Google This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world’s books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book’s long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you: + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes. + Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google’s system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help. + Maintain attribution The Google “watermark” you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it. + Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can’t offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book’s appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. About Google Book Search Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ HARVARD DEPOSITORY
2Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ HARVARD DEPOSITORY BRITTLE BOOK Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Digitized by Google Zor ia THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST (35) a Zondon HENRY FROWDE OxForD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE AMEN CORNER, E.C, THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY NY 2 4 6 fF F, MAX MULLER VOL. XXXV Cc. @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1890 [All rights reserved ] Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY Mi nda he , THE QUESTIONS OF KING MILINDA TRANSLATED FROM THE PALI BY wa, ra aN 4 (6 Cla vy "’'T. W. RHYS DAVIDS @yford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1890 [All rights reserved } Cc —. — dl BL lO10 53 V.35 CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION The Simhalese version of the Milinda Buddhaghosa’s four references to it . MSS. and edition of the text . King Milinda the same as Menander Notices of him in classical writers . His coins . His birthplace, Kalasi, probably = Karisi . The author not the same as Nagarguaa . Passages in the Pifakas referred to silently P4li books, &c., referred to by name Pifaka passages quoted . . Length of the Pi/akas Results of these comparisons . Differences between our author and the Pifakas Proper names outside the Pifakas . Differences of language between our author and the Pifakas . The Milinda as a work of art ‘TRANSLATION OF THE TEXT. Book I. The Secular Narrative Description of Sagala Previous births of Milinda and Nagasena Milinda’s greatness and wisdom and love of disputation Birth story of Nagasena. . ’ His admission as a novice into the Order His conversion . His attainment of ‘Arahatship Milinda confutes Ayup4la . Nagasena arrives; his character . Milinda goes tohim . . PAGE xi xii xiv xvi xviii xix xX xxiii XXV XXxvii xxix Xxxi XXXVI XXXvViii xl xliii xlv xlviii Ah vn 10 20 25 29 30 34 36 Vili CONTENTS. PAGE Book II. The Distinguishing Characteristics of Ethical Qualities . . . . ar <) Individuality and name_ six. . . . . . 4i The chariot simile- . . . . . . - 43 The riddle of seniority . 45 (Interlude) How kings and scholars respectively discuss 46 No soul in the breath . . . . . . . 48 Aim of Buddhist renunciation. . . . - 49 Re-incarnation . . . . . xo) Wisdom and reasoning distinguished . . . - 51 ‘Virtue’s the base’. . . . . . - 53 Faith . : . . . . . . - 54 Perseverance. : . . . . . - 57 Mindfulness . : . . . . . - 58 Meditation . . . - 60 Continued identity and Te- -individualisation . . 63-77 Wisdom and intelligence distinguished . . - 66 Time . . . . . 47 Origin and development of qualities . . . . 82 Is there a soul? . . . . . . . . 86 Thought and sight. . . . . . . 89 Contact, sensation, and idea . . . . . 92
3. . - 60 Continued identity and Te- -individualisation . . 63-77 Wisdom and intelligence distinguished . . - 66 Time . . . . . 47 Origin and development of qualities . . . . 82 Is there a soul? . . . . . . . . 86 Thought and sight. . . . . . . 89 Contact, sensation, and idea . . . . . 92 Book III. The Removal of Difficulties . . - 100 Rich and poor . . . . oe . . . 100 Renunciation again. . . . . . 101 Nirvana and Karma . . . . 106 Difficulties of various kinds as to > transmigration, indi- viduality, and the Buddha. . . . . 120 Book IV. The Solving of Dilemmas . . . 137 Milinda finds dilemmas in the Holy Writ. . - 137 And takes the Buddhist vows. . . . . 138 Third meeting between him and Nagasena . . 140 rst Dilemma. If the Buddha has really quite passed away, what is the good of paying honour to his relics? . . 144 2nd Dilemma. How can the Buddha be omniscient, when it is said that he reflects? . . 154 3rd Dilemma. Why did he admit Devadatta to the Order, if he knew of the schism he would create?. 162 CONTENTS. 1X PAGE 4th Dilemma, Vessantara’s earthquake 170 5th Dilemma. King Sivi 179 7th Dilemma. Difference in prophecies as to the duration of the faith 185 8th Dilemma. The Buddha’s sinlessness and his sufferings 190 gth Dilemma. Why should the Buddha have meditated? 196 roth Dilemma. Why did the Buddha boast? 198 11th Dilemma. How could the Buddha revoke regulations he had made? . 202 12th Dilemma. Why did the Buddha refuse to answer certain questions? . 204 13th Dilemma. Contradictory statements by the Buddha as to fear 206 14th Dilemma. How can Pirit cure disease ? 213 15th Dilemma. How could the evil one turn people against the Buddha? . . 219 16th Dilemma. Contradiction as to conscious crime 224 17th Dilemma. Contradiction as to the Buddha’s wish to be the chief. . : . 225 18th Dilemma. How could a schism have a arisen in the Buddha's life? 227 1gth Dilemma. Why do members of the Order accept reverence? . : 232 20th Dilemma. The evil results of preaching 234 22nd Dilemma. Was not the Buddha once angry with Sudinna? . . . . 237 23rd Dilemma. The tree talking 241 24th Dilemma. The Buddha’s last meal 242 25th Dilemma. Adoration of relics 246 26th Dilemma. The splinter of rock 248 27th Dilemma. Contradictory description of the Samana 251 28th Dilemma. Buddha’s boasting . 253 29th Dilemma. How can the kind punish others ? 254 3oth Dilemma. Was not the Buddha angry at Katum4? 257 31st Dilemma. How could Moggallana have had miraculous powers seeing that he was murdered? 261 32nd Dilemma. Why should the rules of the Order be kept secret? . . . 264 33rd Dilemma. Contradictions about falsehood 268 x CONTENTS. 34th Dilemma. Did not the Omniscient One once doubt? 35th Dilemma. Suicide 36th Dilemma. Love to all beings 37th Dilemma. Wickedness and prosperity . 38th Dilemma. Women’s wiles . 39th Dilemma. Did not the Arahats once show fear? . 4oth Dilemma. Did not the Omniscient One once change his mind? .
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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