An English Translation of the Sushruta Samhita, Vol. II — trans. Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna (1911)

• D.xllana, however, differs here frooi the text. He says, on the authority of Vagbhata, that the opening of a vein between the temple and iho edgi- of the sculp or those in the Apdnga, ihe forehead and the chest should be recommended in cases of insanity only, and not in the case of of .Apatmara as well (as in the text).

Chap. VIII.] SARIRA STIIANAM. 205

Timira (blindness), Akshipdka (ophthalmia) etc., as well as in diseases of the head and in Adhimantha, the veins about the nose, the forehead and the Apdnga (the outer canthus of the eyes), should be opened. 40-51.

Defective Venesection :— Now we shall

describe the twenty kinds of defects relating to an opened vein (Dushta-vyadhanas They are as follows : — • Durviddha, Atividdha, Kunchita, Pichchita, Kuttita, Aprasruta, Atyudirna, Ante-abhihata, Paris'ushka, Kunita, Vepita, Anutthita-viddha, SdStrahata, Tiryagviddha, Apaviddha, Avyddhyd, Vidruta, Dhcnuka, Punhpunarviddha and Marmaviddha, i.e., incised about the Sira-marma, the Snayu-marma, the Asthi-marma and the Sandhi-marma. 52-53.

Their definitions :— The vein in which an act of venesection is unattended with a satisfactory outflow of blood owing to its being incised with an extremely slender instrument and is marked by an extremely painful swelling in consequence thereof, is called Durviddhat (badly incised). The vein in which the incision becomes excessive and no blood comes out properly or enters an internal channel owing to the largeness of the incision, is called Atividdha (over-incised). An opened vein in which the incision has been made in a curving manner and is attended with the foregoing results, is called Kunchita (crooked or contracted). An incised vein presenting a flattened or thrashed appearance on account of its being opened with a blunt knife (^Kantha-Sastra) is called Pichchita (thrashed). The vein at the sides of which incisions have been successively made, instead of in its body, is called Kuttita (lacerated). An incised vein, unattended with any bleeding owing to the patient's fright, coldness or loss of consciousness, is called Aprasrulai (unbleeding).

2o6 THE SUSIIRUTA SAMIIITA. [Chap. VIII.

A vein with a larg'c incision in its body made with a sharp and flat-edged instrument, is called Atyudirna (improperly wide-incised). An opened vein in which blood oozes out in small quantity is called Anteabhihata (struck in the interior). An opened vein in an anaemic patient (marked by a total absence of bleeding and) stuffed with Vayu (lit., as if the flow has been dried up by the Vayu), is called Paris'ashka (dried up). A vein opened but to a quarter part of the proper length and attended with a scanty outflow of blood, is called Kuuita (partially incised). A vein which trembles owing to its being bandaged at a wrong place and from which blood does not flow out in consequence, is called Vepita (quivering i. A vein incised without being previously properly raised up and attended with a similar result (i e., absence of blood), is called Amitthita-viddhai. A vein cut into two and attended with excessive bleeding and inoperativeness of the organ is called Sastrahata (knife-cut). A vein incis:d with an instrument applied slantingly and (consequently) not fully opened, is called Tiryag'-viddliai (obliquely incised). A vein incised several times and (every time) with an improper instrument, is called Apaviddhjfc (wrongly incised) A vein unfit for opening {i.t\, whose opening has been forbidden in the Sastras\ is called AvyadhySk (unfit for opening). A vein opened carelessly and hastily is called Vidrutai (erratic). A vein bleeding continuously owing to its being repeatedly pressed and successively opened, is called Dhenuka'. A vein variously cut owing to its being pierced into the same part with an extremely slender-pointed instrument, is called Panah-punarvidaha^ (repeatedly incised). If a vein in the Snayu-marmas, the Asthi-marma.'', the SirA-marmas or the Sandhi-marmas be opened, it is