An English Translation of the Sushruta Samhita, Vol. II — trans. Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna (1911)
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The translator’s English as printed (Kunja Lal Bhishagratna). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
Prognosis :— A case of Dushi-Visha poisoning in a prudent and judicious person, and of recent growth is easily cured, while palliation is the only relief that can be offered in a case of more than a year's standing. In an enfeebled and intemperate patient, it should be considered as incurable. 30.
Thus ends the second Chapter of the Kalpa Sthina in the Sus'ruta Samhita which treats of the Sth^vara and jangama poisons.
CHAPTER III.
Now we shall discourse on the subject of (the nature, virtue, etc. of) animal poisons (jangama-ViShavijnaniya). i.
We have briefly said before that there are sixteen situations of poison in the bodies of venomous animals. Now we shall deal with them in detail. 2.
Locations : — An animal poison is usually situated in the following parts, viz; the sight, breath, teeth, nails, urine, stool, semen, saliva, menstrual blood, stings, belching*, anus, bones, bile, bristles (Suka) and in the dead body of an animal. 3.
Of these, the venom of celestial serpents lies in their sieht and breath, that of the terrestrial ones in their fangs while that of cats, dogs, monkeys, Makara (alligators?), Frogs, Pdka-matsyas (a kind of insect), lizards (Godhd), mollusks (Snails), Prachalakas (a kind of insect), domestic lizards, four-legged insects and of any other species of flies such as mosquitoes, etc., lies in their teeth and nails. 4.
The venom of a Chipita, Pichchataka, Kashdyavdsika, Sarshapa-vdsika, Totaka, Varchah-kita, Kaundilyaka and such-like insects lies in their urine and excreta. The poison of a mouse or rat lies in its semen, while that of a Luta (spider) lies in its saliva, urine, excreta, fangs, nails, semen and menstrual fluid (ovum). 5 — 6.
The venom of a scorpion, Vis'vambhara, Rdjiva-fish, Uchchitinga (cricket) and a sea-scorpion lies in their
* Vriddha-Vagbhata reads Alaji-S'onile in place of "Visardhita."
p. 696
saliva. The venom of a Chitra-s'irah, SarAva, Kurdis'ata, Ddruka, Arimedaka and Sarikd-mukha, lies in their fangs, belching, stool and urine. The venom of a fly, a Kanabha and leeches lies in their fangs. The poison lies in the bones of an animal killed by any poison, as well as in those of a snake, a Varati and a fish*. The poison lies in the bile of a Sakuli, a Rakta-r^ji and a Chdraki fish. The poison lies in the bristles (Suka) and the head of a Sukshma-tunda, an Uchchitinga (cricket), a wasp, a centipede (Satapadi), a Suka, a Vala bhika, a Sringi and a bee. The dead body of a snake or an insect is poisonous in itself. Animals not included in the above list should be deemed as belonging to the fang-venomed species i.e.^ the poison lies in their fangs. 7— !!■
WlemorablC Verses :— The enemies of a sovereign poison the pastures, water, roads, food-stuffs and smoke (Dhuma) of their country and even charge the atmosphere with poison in the event of his making incursions into their country. The poisonous nature of the foregoing things should be ascertained from the following features and should be duly purified (before use). 12-A.
Characteristic Features and Purifications of poisoned water, etc :-A sheet of poisoned water becomes slimy, strong-smelling, frothy and marked with (black-coloured) lines on the surface Frogs and fish living in the water die without any apparent cause. Birds and beasts that live (in the water and) on its shores roam about wildly in confusion (from the effects of poison), and a man, a horse or an elephant, by bathing in this (poisoned) water is afflicted
* Some read 'T^^TRT^' (Varati fish) as one word— the name of a species offish.
Chap. III.] KALPA STHANAM. 6<)i
with vomiting, fainting, fever, a burning sensation and swelling of the limbs. These disorders (in men and animals) should be immediately attended to and remedied and no pains should be spared to purify such poisoned water. The cold ashes, of Dhava, As va-karna, Asana, P dribhadra^ Pdtald^ Siddkaka, Mokshaka^ Rdja-druma and Sovtavalka burnt together, should be cast into the poisoned pool or tank, whereby its water would be purified ; as an alternative, an Anjali-measure (half a seer) of the said ashes cast in a Ghata-measure* (sixty-four seers) of the required water would lead to its purification. 12-B,
A poisoned ground or stone-slab, landing stage or desert country gives rise to swellings in those parts of the bodies of men, bullocks, horses, asses, camels and elephants that may chance to come in contact with them. In such cases a burning sensation is felt in the affected parts and the hair and nails (of these parts) fall off. In these cases, the poisoned surface should be purified by sprinkling it over with a solution of Atlanta and Sarva-gandha (the scented drugs) dissolved in wine (Surd)-f-, or with (an adequate quantity of) black clay* dissolved in water or with the deccc tion of Vidanga, Pdthd, and Katahhi. 12. C.
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